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Transport Processes, Iono- and Osmoregulation pp 303–325Cite as

Increased Uptake of Nucleosides in the Activation of Sea Urchin Eggs

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Part of the book series: Proceedings in Life Sciences ((LIFE SCIENCES))

Abstract

Sea urchins have long provided a convenient and definable system for the study of cellular activation and early embryonic development. A single female, at the simple request of injecting isoosmotic KCl into the body cavity, may shed as much as 20 ml of fully mature eggs, each ml containing 2 × 106 eggs. A single male, at the same request, may shed as much as 5 ml of undiluted semen, each ml containing 10–100 × 109 spermatozoa. In vitro fertilization is accomplished simply by mixing eggs and sperm together in seawater. A most important advantage of this system is that the ionic composition of the external medium, seawater, is known, and under routine laboratory conditions, may be completely defined. Fertilized Strongylocentrotus purpuratus eggs will reach first cell division approx. 90 min after insemination at 15 °C. The next five divisions occur every 60 min and remain synchronous within each embryo and within a given culture. Development proceeds synchronously through easily recognizable embryonic stages (blastula, gastrula) to an early larval stage (pluteus) within 3 days. Several detailed and comprehensive reviews of fertilization and early development of the sea urchin are available elsewhere (Harvey 1956,Giudice 1973; Stearns 1974; Epel 1978; Nishioka 1982; Whitaker and Steinhardt 1982).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA

    D. Nishioka, C. E. Killian & N. F. McGwin-Scully

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, 6723 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    N. F. McGwin-Scully

Authors
  1. D. Nishioka
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  2. C. E. Killian
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  3. N. F. McGwin-Scully
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Animal Physiology, University of Liège, 22, Quai Van Beneden, B-4020, Liège, Belgium

    Raymond Gilles

  2. Laboratory of General and Comparative Biochemistry, University of Liège, 17, Place Delcour, B-4020, Liége, Belgium

    Michelle Gilles-Baillien

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© 1985 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Nishioka, D., Killian, C.E., McGwin-Scully, N.F. (1985). Increased Uptake of Nucleosides in the Activation of Sea Urchin Eggs. In: Gilles, R., Gilles-Baillien, M. (eds) Transport Processes, Iono- and Osmoregulation. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70613-4_26

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70613-4_26

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-70615-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70613-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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