Skip to main content

Biological Monitoring of Occupational Exposure to Cadmium Fume

  • Conference paper
Cadmium

Part of the book series: Environmental Toxin Series ((TOXIN SERIES,volume 2))

  • 90 Accesses

Abstract

Blood and urine cadmium and urine ß 2-microglobulin concentrations were determined in a group of 28 factory workers who had been exposed to differing intensities of cadmium fume for between 0.5 and 35 years (mean 15 years S.D. 10). Repeated measurements were carried out over a two-year period, both before and following the cessation of all exposure. There were found to be clear associations between both the intensity and duration of exposure and the various biological measures used to assess the exposure. Following the cessation of exposure, there was no significant change in blood and urine cadmium concentrations some 18 months later. A “critical” concentration of cadmium in urine appeared to be 10 µg/g creatinine.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Friberg L, Kjellström T, Nordberg GF (1986) Cadmium; in: Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals - 2nd edn. vol II: Specific Metals. Friberg L, Nordberg GF, Vouk V (eds) Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 130 - 184

    Google Scholar 

  2. Friberg L, Piscator M, Nordberg GF, Kjellström T (1974) Cadmium in the Environment - 2nd edn. CRC Press, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gompertz D, Fletcher JG, Perkins J, Smith NJ, Chettle DR, Mason H, Scott MC, Topping MD, Blindt M (1983) Renal Dysfunction in Cadmium Smelters: relation to in-vivo liver and kidney cadmium concentrations. Lancet 7: 1185 - 1187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Friberg L (1950) Health Hazards in the Manufacture of Alkaline Accumulators with Special Reference to Chronic Cadmium Poisoning. Acta. Med. Scand. Suppl. 240: 1 - 124

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Nriagu JO (ed) (1981) Cadmium in the Environment - Part 2 Health Effects. J. Wiley, In- terscience, New York

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kjellström T, Evrin P-E, Rahnster B (1977) Dose-Response Analysis of Cadmium-induced Tubular Proteinuria. Environmental Research, 73: 303 - 317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bernard A, Buchet JP, Roels H, Masson P, Lauwerys R (1979) Renal Excretion of Protein and Enzymes in Workers Exposed to Cadmium. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 9: 11-22

    Google Scholar 

  8. Lauwerys RL, Roels HA, Buchet J-P, Bernard A, Stanescu D (1979) Investigation on the Lung and Kidney Functions in Workers Exposed to Cadmium. Environmental Health Per-spectives 28: 137 - 145

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Herber RFM (1984) Beta-2 Microglobulin and Other Urinary Proteins as an Index of Cadmium Nephrotoxicity. Pure & Appl. Chem. 56: 957 - 965

    Google Scholar 

  10. Scott R, Cunningham C, McLelland A, Fell GS, Fitzgerald-Finch OP, McKellar N (1982) The Importance of Cadmium as a Factor in Calcified Upper Urinary Tract Stone Disease - a prospective 7 year study. Brit. J. Urol. 54: 584-589

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bernard A, Lauwerys R (1984) Cadmium in Human Populations. Experientia 40: 143 - 152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Elinder CG, Edling C, Lindberg E, Agedal BK, Vesterberg O (1985) Assessment of Renal Function in Workers Previously Exposed to Cadmium. Brit. J. Ind. Med. 42: 154-160

    Google Scholar 

  13. Armstrong BG, Kazantzis G (1983) The Mortality of Cadmium Workers. Lancet i:1425- 1427

    Google Scholar 

  14. Alessio L, Odone P, Bertelli G, Foa V (1983) in: Industrial Health and Safety - Human Bi-ological Monitoring of Industrial Chemicals Series. Alessio L, Berlin A, Roi R, Boni M (eds) Commission of the European Communities (EUR 8476 EN), pp 25-44

    Google Scholar 

  15. Hassler E, Lind B, Piscator M (1983) Cadmium in Blood and Urine Related to Present and Past Exposure. A study of workers in an alkaline battery factory. British J. Ind. Med. 40: 420-425

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lauwerys R, Roels H, Regniers M, Buchet J-P, Bernard A, Goret A (1979) Significance of Cadmium Concentration in Blood and Urine in Workers Exposed to Cadmium. Environ-mental Research 20: 375 - 391

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Braithwaite, R.A., Cowtan, P.R. (1988). Biological Monitoring of Occupational Exposure to Cadmium Fume. In: Stoeppler, M., Piscator, M. (eds) Cadmium. Environmental Toxin Series, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70553-3_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70553-3_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-70555-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70553-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics