Abstract
Paleokarstic deposits have been found in certain zones in the lead-(zinc)-fluorite Triassic deposits of the Alpujarride Complex. The karstic cavities appear to be developed in peritidal sequences shallowing upwards, which, in turn, are included in megasequences corresponding to transgressive-regressive sedimentary subcycles within a cycle tending to be regressive overall. The erosion and/or karstification surfaces, from which the cavities have developed, are found at the top of the sequences.
The karstic cavities are very variable in shape and size, but tend to be small (of the order of a centimeter to a meter in diameter). The barren sediment associated with the ores is composed in general of dolomitized detritic carbonates. Finely laminated red clays are also found locally.
The formation of these paleokarstic deposits is contemporaneous with that of the stratiform and/or non-karstic strata-bound deposits widely encountered in the Alpujarrides realm and considered to be of sedimentary/early diagenetic origin. The mineralogical composition and diagenetic evolution of both types are identical. The predominating ores in order of abundance are fluorite, galena and sphalerite, their usual sequence of crystallization being fluorite-sphalerite-galena. Very small amounts of sulfide and sulfosalts, including pyrite, jordanite, bournonite, tetrahecgrite-tennantite, and enargite-famatinite, seiigmannite and geocronite are to be found, usually as diminutive inclusions in galena.
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Martín, J.M., Torres-Ruiz, J., Velilla, N., Hach-Alí, P.F. (1984). Paleokarstic Lead-(Zinc)-Fluorite Deposits in Shallowing Upward Sequences in the Triassic of the Alpujarrides (Betic Cordillera, Southern Spain). In: Wauschkuhn, A., Kluth, C., Zimmermann, R.A. (eds) Syngenesis and Epigenesis in the Formation of Mineral Deposits . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70074-3_40
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70074-3_40
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