Zusammenfassung
Das Herz wird über die Lungen hauptsächlich durch Veränderungen des pulmonalen Gefäßbetts mitgeschädigt. Dabei bestehen gegenseitige Wechselwirkungen. Einerseits können Herzkrankheiten die Lungengefäße (Venen, Kapillaren, Arteriolen) beeinträchtigen und dadurch eine Schädigung des Lungenparenchyms auslösen, andererseits wirken Erkrankungen des Lungenparenchyms ebenfalls auf die Lungengefäße und somit auch auf das Herz, wobei hauptsächlich der rechte Ventrikel betroffen ist. Die pulmonalen Gefäße können selbst primärer Sitz der Erkrankung sein. Beispiele sind: Schistosomiasis (Bilharziose), primäre pulmonale Hypertonie, pulmonale Arteriovenöse Fistel und Lungenembolie. Die Auswirkungen von Lungenembolien hängen entscheidend von einer gleichzeitig bestehenden Herzerkrankung ab. Die Lungen besitzen über die A.pulmonalis sowie über die Bronchialarterien eine doppelte Blutversorgung. Normalerweise entsteht somit bei Verschluß einer Pulmonalarterie kein Lungeninfarkt. Bei Vorliegen einer Herzerkrankung mit pulmonaler Stauung kommt es im Falle einer Lungenembolie zur hämorrhagischen Infarzierung des betroffenen Lungenbezirks.
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Sokolow, M., Mcllroy, M.B. (1985). Pulmonal verursachte Herzerkrankungen. In: Kardiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69607-7_19
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