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Nitrokörper

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Book cover Koronarerkrankungen

Part of the book series: Handbuch der inneren Medizin ((INNEREN 9,volume 9 / 3))

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Zusammenfassung

Die Nitrate fanden im 19. Jahrhundert Eingang in die Therapie. Die ersten Substanzen, die medizinisches Interesse erlangten, waren Glyceryltrinitrat (Nitroglycerin), welches von Sobrero synthetisiert wurde und Amylnitrit, dessen Darstellung durch Balard erfolgt war (Sobrero 1847; Balard 1844). Beide Substanzen wurden zunächst bei einer Vielzahl von Erkrankungen eingesetzt, bis die günstige Beeinflussung des Angina pectoris-Schmerzes durch Amylnitrit durch Brunton und durch Glyceryltrinitrat durch Murrell beschrieben wurde (Brunton 1857; Murrell 1879). Glyceryltrinitrat wurde wegen seiner längeren Wirkung in den folgenden Jahren dem Amylnitrit vorgezogen und hat bis in die Gegenwart seine wichtige Bedeutung in der Therapie der Angina pectoris beibehalten. Die Einführung der sogenannten Langzeitnitrate, wie sie in erster Linie durch die Nitratester von Isosorbid, Erythrit, Pentaerythrit und Mannit repräsentiert werden, geht auf Untersuchungen von Krantz et al. (1940) zurück. Ihre Einführung erweiterte die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Nitrate auf die prophylaktische Therapie der Angina pectoris, während bis dahin nur eine Kupierung des Anfalles üblich war. Nach anfänglicher Ablehnung fanden die oralen Darreichungsformen bald einen festen Platz in der Behandlung der Angina pectoris und stellen heute einen wichtigen Bestandteil der medikamentösen Therapie dar. Die Indikation der Nitratbehandlung wurde in den letzten Jahren auf die Herzinsuffizienz und das kardiale Lungenödem erweitert (Bussmann et al. 1975 a; Cohn et al. 1977; Bussmann u. Schupp 1977).

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Authors
  1. W. Schneider
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  2. M. Kaltenbach
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Rehabilitationszentrum für Herz- und Kreislaufkranke Bad Krozingen, Südring 15, D-7812, Bad Krozingen, Germany

    Helmut Roskamm , P. Bubenheimer , C. Droste , A. Frey , L. Görnandt , H. Gohlke , Christa Gohlke-Bärwolf , P. Harnasch , K. Huesmann , D. Kalusche , W. Langosch , J. Petersen , B. Ritter , L. Samek , M. Schmuziger , K. Schnellbacher , P. Stürzenhofecker , A. Weisswange  & B. Wille , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  & 

  2. Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physiologie der Universität, Hermann-Herder-Str. 7, D-7800, Freiburg, Germany

    E. Bassenge

  3. Medizinische Klinik I, Stadtkrankenhaus, Leimenstr. 20, D-6450, Hanau 1, Germany

    H.-J. Becker , W. A. Fach  & B. V. Mai ,  & 

  4. I. Medizinische Klinik B der Universität, Moorenstr. 5, D-4000, Düsseldorf, Germany

    G. Breithardt

  5. Abteilung Klinische Sozialmedizin, Klinikum der Universität, Bergheimerstr. 58, D-6900, Heidelberg 1, Germany

    L. Buchholz , W. Morgenstern , E. Nüssel  & R. Scheidt , ,  & 

  6. Strahlenklinik und Poliklinik, Abteilung für Radiologie mit Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Charlottenburg (FB 3), Spandauer Damm 130, D-1000, Berlin 19, Germany

    C. D. Claussen

  7. Abteilung Innere Medizin — Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Charlottenburg, Spandauer Damm 130, D-1000, Berlin 19, Germany

    H. Eichstädt

  8. Strahlenklinik und Poliklinik (WE 07), Abteilung Radiologie mit Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Charlottenburg, Spandauer Damm 130, D-1000, Berlin 19, Germany

    R. Felix  & D. Köhler  & 

  9. Kerckhoff-Klinik, Benekestr. 4-6, D-6350, Bad Nauheim, Germany

    M. Gottwik

  10. Emory University Hospital, Interventional Cardiovascular Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Road, 30322, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    A. R. Gruentzig

  11. Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, St. Louis University Medical Center, 1325 S. Grand Blvd., 63104, Mo., USA

    Th. Ischinger

  12. Zentrum der Inneren Medizin, Abteilung für Kardiologie, Klinikum der Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-6000, Frankfurt/Main 70, Germany

    M. Kaltenbach  & W. Schneider  & 

  13. Innere Abteilung der Kurklinik der LVA, D-6552, Bad Münster a. St. Ebernburg, Germany

    M. Keck

  14. Medizinische Poliklinik, Universität München, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, D-8000, München 2, Germany

    G. Lohmöller

  15. Innere Abteilung, Kreiskrankenhaus, Oßwaldstr. 1, D-8130, Starnberg, Germany

    H. Lydtin

  16. II. Medizinische Klinik, Abteilung Kardiologie, Universitäts-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-2000, Hamburg 20, Germany

    D. G. Mathey

  17. Kardiologische Universitätsklinik, Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien, Garnisongasse 13, A-1097, Wien, Austria

    O. Pachinger  & H. Sochor  & 

  18. Pathologisches Institut, Städtische Krankenanstalten Mitte, Oelmühlenstr. 26, D-4800, Bielefeld 1, Germany

    R. Poche

  19. Röteweg 9, D-7800, Freiburg, Germany

    H. Reindell

  20. Max-Planck-Institut für Physiologische und Klinische Forschung, W.G. Kerckhoff-Institut, Parkstr. 1, D-6350, Bad Nauheim, Germany

    W. Schaper  & M. Siebes  & 

  21. I. Innere Abteilung, Krankenhaus Moabit, D-1000, Berlin 21, Germany

    K. P. Schüren

  22. Abteilung Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Klinik der Universität, Otfried-Müller-Straße, D-7400, Tübingen 1, Germany

    L. Seipel

  23. Departement Innere Medizin, Kantonsspital, Petersgraben 6, CH-4031, Basel, Switzerland

    E. Steinmann

  24. Pathologisches Institut, Städtische Krankenanstalten, Kulmbacher Str. 23, D-8580, Bayreuth, Germany

    M. Stolte

  25. Herz- und Gefäßchirurgische Abteilung, Rehabilitationszentrum für Herz- und Kreislaufkranke Bad Krozingen, Südring 15, D-7812, Bad Krozingen, Germany

    P. Tollenaere

  26. Internistisch-Kardiologische Abteilung, Theresienklinik, Brunnenallee 13, D-7812, Bad Krozingen, Germany

    H. Weidemann

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© 1984 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Schneider, W., Kaltenbach, M. (1984). Nitrokörper. In: Roskamm, H., et al. Koronarerkrankungen. Handbuch der inneren Medizin, vol 9 / 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69451-6_34

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69451-6_34

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-69452-3

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