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Transfer RNA and Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases in Plants

  • Chapter
Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Plants I

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology ((922,volume 14 / A))

Abstract

The first step in protein biosynthesis is the attachment of free amino acids to cognate transfer RNA’s. This process can be separated into two reactions, which are both catalyzed by the same cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetase (L -amino acid: tRNA ligase (AMP forming), EC 6.1.1.x, also called activation enzyme), which specifically recognizes the corresponding amino acid, ATP and the corresponding tRNA (or isoaccepting tRNA’s):

  1. 1.

    amino acid activation:

    amino acid1 + ATP + enzyme1 ⇄ (aminoacyl1-AMP) enzyme1 + PP1

  2. 2.

    tRNA aminoacylation:

    (aminoacyl1-AMP) enzyme1 + tRNA1 ⇄ aminoacyl1-tRNA1 + AMP + enzyme1

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Authors
  1. J. H. Weil
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  2. B. Parthier
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany Science Laboratories, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK

    Donald Boulter

  2. Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen Halle, Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Weinberg 3, Postfach 250, 401, Halle (Saale), Germany

    Benno Parthier

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Weil, J.H., Parthier, B. (1982). Transfer RNA and Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases in Plants. In: Boulter, D., Parthier, B. (eds) Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Plants I. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 14 / A. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68237-7_3

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