Zusammenfassung
Die Colitis ulcerosa und der Morbus Crohn dürften wohl schon in früheren Jahrhunderten aufgetreten sein, sie waren jedoch noch nicht erkennbar, da vermutlich das Vorherrschen von bakteriellen und parasitären Erkrankungen überwog. Untersuchungen über die Häufigkeit des Vorkommens einer Krankheit innerhalb einer Bevölkerungsgruppe, ihre Beziehung zu individuell gebundenen Faktoren (Alter, Geschlecht, sozio-ökonomischer Status, Lebensgewohnheiten), über Frequenzdifferenzen in bestimmten Zeitabschnitten und Variationen in der geographischen Verteilung setzen eine zweifelsfreie Erkennungsmglichkeit des Leidens und eine vollständige Erfassung aller Erkrankungsfälle voraus. Derartige epidemiologische Studien sind aber für die beiden Formen der entzündlichen Dickdarmerkrankungen zur Zeit nur begrenzt möglich. Oft klärt nur der Verlauf, ob eine Colitis ulcerosa oder ein Morbus Crohn im Kolon vorliegt. Leichtgradige Formen entgehen der Registrierung. Daher stehen nur wenige epidemiologische Untersuchungen zur Kolitis bisher zur Verfügung. Ihre Ergebnisse bleiben in mehrfacher Hinsicht noch fraglich. Die klinische und pathophysiologische Diagnose wird in manchen epidemiologischen Arbeiten nicht sicher belegt. Unter der Diagnose Colitis ulcerosa oder Morbus Crohn im Kolon können sich eine unbekannte Zahl von andersartigen chronischen Dickdarmerkrankungen (Divertikulitis, infektiöse Enterokolitis) verbergen.
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Müller-Wieland, K. (1982). Epidemiologie. In: Bläker, F., et al. Dickdarm. Handbuch der inneren Medizin, vol 3 / 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67945-2_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67945-2_17
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