Abstract
Fracture bracing, rather than merely being a technique, constitutes a positive attitude toward fracture healing which challenges many of the basic concepts taught in several current textbooks that emphasize the superiority of internal osteosynthesis over nonsurgical management of fractures of long bones. Fracture bracing is predicated on the belief that bone contact, end to end or otherwise, is not required for bony union; and that rigid immobilization of fracture fragments and immobilization of joints above and below a fracture, as well as prolonged rest, are detrimental to fracture healing. Closed functional bracing of fractures calls for functional activity in order to obtain greater osteogenesis.
Contrary to popular ideas the operative treatment of fractures is much simpler than the nonoperative.
Sir John Charnley
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
Akeson WH, et al (1976) Effects of rigidity of internal fixation plates on long bone remodeling. Acta Orthop Scand 47: 241
Allgower M (1965) Principles and results of internal fixation in fresh fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 47-B: 583
Allgower M (1971) Weichteilproblems and Infektionsrisiko der Osteosynthese. Langenbecks Arch Chir 329: 1127
Anderson LD, Hutchins WC (1966) Fractures of the tibia and fibula treated with casts and transfixion pins. South Med J 59: 1026
Anderson LD et al (1974) Fractures of the tibia and fibula treated by casts and transfixion pins. Clin Orthop 105: 179
Bassett CAL, Becker RO (1962) Generation of electrical potentials by bone in response to mechanical stress. Science 137: 1063
Bassett CAL (1962) Current concepts of bone formation. J Bone Joint Surg 44-A: 1217
Becker RO, Murray BG (1970) The electrical control system regulating fracture healing in amphibians. Clin Orthop 73: 169
Bohler J (1974) Percutaneous cerclage of tibial fractures. Clin Orthop 105: 276
Brighton CT, Krobs AG (1972) Oxygen tension of healing fractures in the rabbit. J Bone Joint Surg 54-A: 323
Brown PW, Urgan JG (1969) Early weight-bearing treatment of open fractures of the tibia. An end-result study of 63 cases. J Bone Joint Surg 51-A: 59
Brown PW (1973) The open fracture — cause, effect, and management. Clin Orthop 96: 254
Brown PW (1974) Early weight-bearing management of tibial shaft fractures. Clin Orthop 105: 167
Campionniere L (1903) Traitement des fractures sans appariel inamovible par le massage et la mobilisation. In Repert de therap. Paris, pp 213–215
Charnley J (1968) The closed treatment of common fractures. Livingstone, Edinburgh
Conley JE, Dehne E, LaFollette B (1973) Closed reduction and early cast brace ambulation in the treatment of femoral fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 55-A: 1581
Dahl-Iversen E (1928) On the frequency and duration of ostitis after osteosynthesis. Illustrated by 247 cases and re-examining of 66 cases of operatively treated fractures. Acta Chir Scand 63: 41
Danis R (1949) Theorie et practique de 1’osteosynthese. Mason and Cie, Paris
Dehne E (1961) The natural history of the fractured tibia. Surg Clin North Am 41: 1495
Dehne E (1969) Treatment of fractures of the tibial shaft. Clin Orthop 66: 159
Dehne E (1972) The weight-bearing principle of treatment of lower extremity fractures, 1885-1972. J Trauma 12: 539
Dehne E (1974) Ambulatory treatment of the fractured tibia. Clin Orthop 105: 192
Dehne E, et al (1961) Nonoperative treatment of the fractured tibia by immediate weight-bearing. J Trauma 1: 514
Delbet P An ales de la clinique chirurgicale du professeur Pierre Delbet. Methode de traitment des fractures, no 5. Libraire Felix Alcan, Paris, pp 1–295
Eggers GWN (1952) Effect of contact compression on os-teogenesis. Instructional Course Lectures, Chap 18. AAOS Mosby St Louis, Mo
Erickson E (1974) Streaming potentials and other water-dependent effects in mineralized tissue. Ann NY Acad Sci 238: 321
Friedenberg FB, Brighton CT (1966) Bioelectrical potentials in bone. J Bone Joint Surg 98-A: 915
Gains DL, Saunders EA (1968) Tibial shaft fractures: Experiences with closed treatment and early ambulation. J Gen Med Assoc 61: 989
Gothman L (1961) Arterial changes in experimental fractures of the monkey’s tibia treated with intramedullary nailing. Acta Chir Scand 121: 56
Gothman L (1962) Local arterial changes associated with experimental fractures of the rabbit’s tibia treated with encircling wires (cerclage). Acta Chir Scand 123: 17
Hicks JH (1960) External splintage as a cause of movement in fractures. Lancet 1: 667
Holden CEA (1972) The role of blood supply to soft tissues in the healing of diaphyseal fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 54-A: 993
Karlstrom G, Olerud S (1975) Percutaneous pin fixation of open tibial fractures. Double frame anchorage using the Vidal-Adrey method. J Bone Joint Surg 57-A: 915
Kuntscher G (1974) The callus problem. Green, St Louis
Laurnen EL, Kelly PJ (1969) Blood flow, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide roduction in blood calcium and pH changes in tibial fractures in dogs. J Bone Joint Surg 51-A: 298
Lottes JL (1952) Intramedullary fixation for fractures of the shaft of the tibia. South Med J 45: 407
Macnab I (1974) The role of periosteal blood supply in the healing of fractures of the tibia. Clin Orthop 105: 27
Manziano CF, Manziano JR (1970) Walking plaster casts for repair of tibial fractures in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 156: 581
Mohl JH (1973) The cast brace walking treatment of open and closed femoral fractures. South Med J 66: 345
Mooney V, et al (1970) Cast brace treatment for fracture of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg 52-A: 1563
Muller ME, Allgower M, Willenegger H (1965) Technique of internal fixation of fractures. Revised for the English edition by G Segmuller. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Muller ME, Allgower M, Willenegger H (1969) Manual del Osteosinthese. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Olerud S (1973) Treatment of fractures by the Vidal-Adrey method. Acta Orthol Scand 44: 516
Olerud S, Karlstrom G (1972) Tibial fractures treated by AO compression osteosynthesis. Experiences from a five-year material. Acta Orthol Scand [Suppl] 140: 1
Paradis GR, Kelly PJ (1975) Blood flow and mineral deposition in canine tibial fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 57-A: 220
Perkins G (1955) Rest and motion. J Bone Joint Surg 37-A: 101
Perren SH, et al (1969) A dynamic compression plate in cortical bone healing. Acta Orthol Scand [Suppl] 125: 29
Rankin EA, Metz CW (1970) Management of delayed union in early weight-bearing treatment of the fractured tibia. J Trauma 10: 751
Rhinelander FW (1968) The normal micro circulation of diaphyseal cortex and its response to fracture. AAOS Instructional course lecture. J Bone Joint Surg 50-A: 784
Schatzker J (1974) Compression in surgical treatment of fractures of the tibia. Clin Orthol 105: 220
Scheck M (1965) Treatment of comminuted distal tibial fractures by combined dual pins fixation and limited open reduction. J Bone Joint Surg 47-A: 1537
Shaw JL (1972) Application of prosthetic and orthotic principles to the treatment of tibial fractures. Artif Limb 16: 51
Trueta J (1963) The role of vessels in osteogenesis. J Bone Joint Surg 45-B: 402
Trueta J, Buhr AJ (1963) The vascular contribution to os-teogenesis. V. The vasculature supplying the epiphyseal cartilage in rachitic rats. J Bone Joint Surg 45-B: 572
Uhthoff HK (1979) Prevention of bone atrophy through an early removal of internal fixation plates: An experimental study in the dog. Howmedica Trauma Workshop, New York
Uhthoff HK, Dubuc FL (1971) Bone structure changes in the dog under rigid internal fixation. Clin Orthop 81: 165
Watson-Jones R (1934) Inadequate immobilization and nonunion of fractures. Br Med J 936
Watson-Jones R (1971) The classic. An orthopaedic view of the treatment of fractures. Clin Orthop 75: 4
Watson-Jones R (1974) The classic. Fractures and joint injuries. Clin Orthop 105: 4
Woo SLY, et al (1976) A comparison of cortical bone atrophy secondary to fixation with plates with large differences in bending stiffness. J Bone Joint Surg 58-A: 190
Yablon IG, Cruess RL (1968) The effect of hyperbaric oxygen on fracture healing in rats. J Trauma 8: 186
Yamagiski M, Uoshimura Y (1955) The biomechanics of fracture healing. J Bone Joint Surg 37-A: 1035
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sarmiento, A., Latta, L.L. (1981). The Rationale of Closed Functional Treatment of Fractures. In: Closed Functional Treatment of Fractures. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67832-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67832-5_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-67834-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-67832-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive