Abstract
Freeze-etching or freeze-fracturing [11,16] has become established as an important technique for the investigation of membrane structure. Its principal advantage is that it exposes membrane faces in which details not made visible by other techniques are revealed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Blaurock AE, Stöckenius W (1971) Structure of the purple membrane. Nature New Biol 233: 152–154
Branton D (1966) Fracture faces of frozen membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci 55: 1048–1056
Rosier De DJ, Klug A (1972) Structure of the tubular variants of the head of Bacteriophage T4 ( Polyheads ). J Mol Biol 65: 469–488
Gross H (1977) Gefrierätzung im Ultrahochvakuum (UHV) bei–196°C. Diss 5881, ETH Zürich
Gross H, Bas EB, Moor H (1978) Freeze-fracturing in ultrahigh vaeuum (UHV) at–196°C. J Cell Biol 76: 712–728
Gross H, Kübler O, Bas EB, Moor H (1978) Decoration of specific sites on freeze-fractured membranes. J Cell Biol 79: 646–656
Gross H, Kübler O, Moor H (1980) Ultrahigh vaeuum freeze-fracturing at - 196°C and image processing applied to the purple membrane. J Cell Biol submitted
Henderson R, Unwin PNT (1975) Three-dimensional model of purple membrane obtained by electron microscopy. Nature (London) 257: 28–32
Kübler O, Gross H, Moor H (1978) Complementary structures of membrane fracture faces obtained by ultrahigh vacuum freeze-fracturing at - 196°C and digital image processing. Ultramicroscopy 3: 161–168
Kübler O, Gross H (1978) UHV freeze-fracturing and image processing applied to the purple membrane. Proc 9th Int Congr Electron Microsc, vol II, pp 142–143. Toronto
Moor H, Mühlethaler K, Waldner H, Frey-Wyssling A (1961) A new freezing ultramicrotome. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 10: 1–13
Moor H (1971) Recent progress in the freeze-etching technique. Philos Trans R Soc London Ser B 261: 121–131
Oesterhelt D, Stöckenius W (1971) Rhodopsin-like protein from the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium. Nature New Biol 233: 149–152
Sleytr UB, Robards AW (1977) Plastic deformation during freeze-cleaving: a review. J Microsc 110: 1–25
Staehelin LA, Bertaud WS (1971) Temperature and contamination dependent freeze-etch images of frozen water and glycerol solutions. J Ultrastruet Res 37: 146–168
Steere RL (1957) Electron microscopy of structural detail in frozen biological specimens. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 3: 45–60
Unwin PNT, Henderson R: Molecular structure determination by electron microscopy of unstained crystalline specimens. J Mol Biol 94: 425–440
Zingsheim HP (1972) Membrane structure and electron microscopy. The significance of physical problems and techniques. (Freeze-etching). Biochim Biophys Acta 265: 339–366
Zinsmeister G (1973) Gegenwärtiger Stand der Kondensation Dünner Schichten. Vak Tech 22: 85–93
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1980 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gross, H. (1980). Ultrahigh Vacuum Freeze-Fracturing AT -196°C and Decoration of Specific Sites of Paracrystalline Membranes. In: Baumeister, W., Vogell, W. (eds) Electron Microscopy at Molecular Dimensions. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67688-8_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67688-8_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-67690-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-67688-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive