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Die Struktur der Ribosomen

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Zusammenfassung

Ribosomen sind Orte der Proteinbiosynthese. Man findet sie im Plasma pro- und eukaryotischer Zellen sowie im Zellkern. Ribosomen verschiedener Herkunft unterscheiden sich voneinander, haben aber auch viele Gemeinsamkeiten. Am besten untersucht sind die aus Escherichia coli. Eine Zelle enthält 10–50.000 Stück, die, wie grundsätzlich alle Ribosomen, aus zwei Untereinheiten (U.E.) bestehen, einer 30S und einer 50S U.E., zusammen ergeben sie einen Komplex von 70 S. Ribosomen der Eukaryonten enthalten 40S und 60S U.E., zusammen bilden sie einen Komplex von 80S. Die 30S U.E. der E. coli-Ribosomen ist aus 21 voneinander verschiedenen Proteinen und einer 16S (r)RNS zusammengesetzt. Diese RNS enthält 1541 (1542?) Basen, deren Sequenz inzwischen aufgeklärt wurde (Brosius et al., 1978; Carbon et al., 1978).

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© 1979 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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von Sengbusch, P. (1979). Die Struktur der Ribosomen. In: Molekular- und Zellbiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67358-0_36

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67358-0_36

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-67359-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-67358-0

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