Abstract
The mechanism by which energy-transducing membranes utilize energy from oxidation-reduction reactions to promote the synthesis of ATP remains a major unsolved problem in molecular biology. Hypotheses of energy coupling assume the existence of either a common high-energy intermediate or an energized state of the membrane linked, on the one hand, to electron transport reactions and, on the other, to the hydration-dehydration reactions of ATP formation. Investigations during the last decade have provided ample evidence that electron transport is coupled to the vectorial translocation of ions (particularly protons) across the membrane. The electrochemical gradient resulting from these ion activities, the so-called “protonmotive force” of the chemiosmotic hypothesis (Mitchell, 1966) may be indeed directly linked to the dehydration of ADP and Pi to form ATP (for a comprehensive review see Jagendorf, 1975). However, based on current knowledge, we are still unable to propose a molecular mechanism for energy transfer from an electrochemical gradient of protons across the membrane to ATP formation.
Keywords
- Chloroplast Membrane
- Submitochondrial Particle
- Fluorescence Energy Transfer
- Electron Transport Reaction
- Major Unsolved Problem
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Shavit, N. (1977). Bound Nucleotides and Conformational Changes in Photophosphorylation. In: Trebst, A., Avron, M. (eds) Photosynthesis I. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66505-9_24
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