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Decoding of Regulatory Signals at the Microbial Surface

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Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology / Ergebnisse der Microbiologie und Immunitätsforschung

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Abstract

Recent work on the regulation of growth and differentiation in metazoan cells has conjured up a fascinating picture of the cell surface as a prime substation in the coding and decoding of regulatory signals. I am referring to studies on contact inhibition and growth control in mammalian cells (Burger, 1971, 1973; Dulbecco, 19714; Sambrook, 1972; Stoker, 1972), on lectin-induced transformation of resting into proliferating lymphocytes (Greaves and Bauminger, 1972; Lindahl-Kiessling, 1972; Rubin et al., 1972), on immune response (Mitchison, 1971), on the action of polypeptide hormones (Rodbell, 1972), on specific cell adhesion as related to morphogenesis (Moscona, 1968; Steinberg, 1964; McGuire, 1972), on fertilization and early development (Tyler, 1965; Metz, 1967; Tomkins and Rodman, 1971), on the action of diphtheria toxin (Pappenheimer et al., 1972), etc. In contrast, the microbial surface seems quite dull. But is it? Evidence to the contrary has been known for a number of years. Thus, in 1965, Kalckar summarized results indicating that the polymers of the external surface of a bacterium (which he named “ektopolymers”) play a decisive role in determining the repertoire of its social activities. Until very recently interest in the “ektobiology” of microorganisms—social or regulatory—has been limited, but a reversal of this neglect is now evident (see, for instance, Tomasz, 1971). Two factors are probably significant in this reversal.

“What is true for E. coli is true for the elephants, except more so.” Jacques Monod (Words spoken at Columbia University, 1954)

This paper is dedicated to the memory of Werner Braun, whose untimely death on November 19, 1972, was a great personal and scientific loss.

The author’s work was supported by grant CA13107, National Institutes of Health (US Public Health Service).

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  1. Biology Department, C. W. Post College of Long Island University, Greenvale, N.Y., 11548, USA

    José L. Reissig

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    W. Arber  & N. K. Jerne  & 

  2. Freiburg, Germany

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Reissig, J.L. (1974). Decoding of Regulatory Signals at the Microbial Surface. In: Arber, W., et al. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology / Ergebnisse der Microbiologie und Immunitätsforschung. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology / Ergebnisse der Microbiologie und Immunitätsforschung, vol 67. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65912-6_2

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