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Die pathologische Morphologie der endokrinen Regulationsstörungen

  • Chapter
Endokrine Regulations- und Korrelationsstörungen

Part of the book series: Handbuch der allgemeinen Pathologie ((1714,volume 8 / 1))

Zusammenfassung

Die endokrinen Organe stellen ein großes Reglersystem dar. Vermittler sind in erster Linie die Hormone, die laufend im intermediären Stoffwechsel abgebaut und damit inaktiviert werden. Auf molekularbiologischer Ebene ist ihr Eingreifen auf den Ablauf von Enzymreaktionen anzunehmen. Die biologische Halbwertszeit der Hormone ist sehr kurz. Hormonbedingte Änderungen in der humoralen Zusammensetzung und der Permeabilität der Zellen des Organismus, also die Stoffwechsellage, beeinflussen aber ihrerseits wieder den Reglerkreis. Damit muß zur Gewährleistung seiner optimalen Funktion eine sehr flexible, den augenblicklichen Erfordernissen angepaßte Sekretionsleistung vorausgesetzt werden. Sekretionsort und Erfolgsorgan sind durch den Blutkreislauf miteinander verbunden. Der Erfolg ist von der Quantität des ausgeschütteten Hormons, dessen Beeinflussung durch das Milieu (Ionen etc.) und die Ansprechbarkeit des Erfolgsorgans (responsiveness) abhängig. Ein positiver oder negativer Rückkopplungsmechanismus (feed back) ist meist der wesentliche Regler der Sekretionsleistung. Albright war der erste, der diese wesentliche Erkenntnis gehabt und damit der Endokrinologie die entscheidenden Impulse für eine funktionelle Betrachtungsweise eröffnet hat. Die Hormone und ihre Drüsen stehen zum Teil unter der Kontrolle übergeordneter Systeme mit endokrinen Eigenschaften. Klargestellt ist die Achse Hypothalamus — Hypophyse — endokrine Organe (Nebenniere, Schilddrüse, Gonaden) — Erfolgsorgan.

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W. Bargmann J. Kühnau R. E. Siebenmann H. Steiner E. Uehlinger G. Seifert

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Siebenmann, R.E., Steiner, H., Uehlinger, E. (1971). Die pathologische Morphologie der endokrinen Regulationsstörungen. In: Bargmann, W., Kühnau, J., Siebenmann, R.E., Steiner, H., Uehlinger, E., Seifert, G. (eds) Endokrine Regulations- und Korrelationsstörungen. Handbuch der allgemeinen Pathologie, vol 8 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65168-7_3

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