Abstract
Carbohydrates play an important role in cell surface antigens: these are present in cell surfaces not as large aggregates (polysaccharide) but in relatively short chains comprising hexoses and hexosamines, attached to proteins or lipids functioning as carrier molecules. Moreover, the point of attachment to cell surface proteins has so far been shown to be either between β-D-GpNAc and asparagine or α-D-GalpNAc and a hydroxyamino (serine or threonine) side chains, with a possible slight bias towards threonine. These two types of linkage differ in their reaction with alkali, the former being resistant and the latter highly susceptible to pH above 8.0. Glycolipids have a ceramido structure carrying either β-D-Gp or β-D-Galp in glycosidic linkage. These various structures are illustrated in Figure 1. With the exception of one type of glycolipid, galactosyl groups are not directly attached to the non-sugar aglycone (carrier or acceptor molecule).
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Pardoe, G.I., Bird, G.W.G., Uhlenbruck, G., Anstee, D.J. (1971). Immunochemistry of Galactosyl Groups of Cell Membranes. In: Dumonde, D.C. (eds) The Role of Lymphocytes and Macrophages in the Immunological Response. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65133-5_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65133-5_18
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