Abstract
In keeping with developments in other fields of medicine, current knowledge of the endocrine system has completely altered the original concept of several unrelated ductless glands each secreting a hormone in turn acting on its own target tissue. The body in its wisdom, to paraphrase W. B. Cannon, has evolved a neuroendocrine arrangement whereby, with few exceptions, hormonal secretion is regulated by the central nervous system, with a system of checks and balances and a degree of interaction among the hormones hitherto unsuspected. In conformity with integrative action, it is probable that each hormone exerts its effect at the cellular level through a final common pathway, cyclic AMP (adenosine 3′, 5′ monophosphate), Butcher (1968). New humoral substances are found from time to time, secreted by organs not in the ductless category such as lung, kidney, liver, even neoplasms. Elaborate combinations of hormones act in consort to regulate such physiological functions as maintenance of the blood volume or the renal compensation for alterations in body water and electrolytes. Furthermore, we are just beginning to recognize the variety of humoral substances that act as transmitters in the central nervous system, for not only does the CNS regulate endocrine activity but CNS actions are in turn influenced by hormones. Endocrinology is a rapidly changing field.
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Vandam, L.D. (1972). Endocrine System. In: Chenoweth, M.B. (eds) Modern Inhalation Anesthetics. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie/Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 30. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65055-0_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65055-0_12
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