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Excretion of Drugs by the Kidney

  • Chapter
Concepts in Biochemical Pharmacology

Abstract

The renal excretion of a foreign organic compound may be a fairly complex phenomenon involving one or several of the following processes: glomerular filtration, active tubular secretion, passive reabsorption and active reabsorption. Depending on which of these processes dominate, the renal clearance of a drug (or its metabolite(s)) can be an important or insignificant component of the overall pharmacokinetic pattern. Thus there are compounds such as the “short- acting” barbiturates whose urinary excretions are so slow as to be almost totally unimportant in the overall economy of the drugs (Bloomer, 1966). On the other hand, the excretion of phenobarbital represents a substantial route of disposition (Waddell and Butler, 1957a) and induced changes in this excretory rate can be of consequence therapeutically. Even more extreme is the example provided by penicillin G whose renal excretion is sufficiently rapid to require occasionally special interventions in order to maintain therapeutically effective drug levels after parenteral administration (Beyer, 1950).

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Weiner, I.M. (1971). Excretion of Drugs by the Kidney. In: Brodie, B.B., Gillette, J.R., Ackerman, H.S. (eds) Concepts in Biochemical Pharmacology. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie/Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 28 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65052-9_18

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