Abstract
In surface physics, the term adsorption usually means accumulation at the solid-vapour interface of atoms or molecules coming from the vapour. The most important quantity for the description of this phenomenon is the binding or adsorption energy of the adsorbate i.e., the energy released when an atom of the vapour, at rest, sticks onto the surface. Adsorption phenomena are commonly classified according to the value of this binding energy:
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the domain of physisorption corresponds to small binding energies. In this domain, the substrate-adsorbate interactions are mainly due to Van der Waals forces and involve almost no mixing between the orbitals of the adsorbate and the substrate.
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the domain of chemisorption corresponds to large binding or adsorption energies. In this case, a bond, very similar to a chemical bond, is formed between the adsorbate and the substrate. This bond can be either covalent (sharing of electrons) or ionic (electronic transfer).
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Desjonquères, MC., Spanjaard, D. (1996). Adsorption Phenomena. In: Concepts in Surface Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61400-2_6
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