Skip to main content

Glomerular Hemodynamics and Experimental Renal Injury

  • Conference paper
Renovascular and Renal Parenchymatous Hypertension
  • 121 Accesses

Abstract

In many patients with kidney disease, once renal excretory function is significantly compromised, filtration capacity will progressively decline until end-stage renal failure develops. In individual patients, the loss of filtration rate is linear with time and may occur despite remission of the disease process that initially damaged the kidney [59]. While progress in dialysis and transplantation has been great, therapies with prevent progressive kidney damage in humans have yet to be identified.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abboud HE, Poptic E, DiCorleto P (1987) Production of platelet-derived growth factorlike proteins by rat mesangial cells in culture. J Clin Invest 80:675–683.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Addis T (1948) Clomerular Nephritis: diagnosis and treatment. Macmillan, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Allison MEM, Wilson CB, Gottschalk CW (1974) Pathophysiology of experimental glomerulonephritis in rats. J Clin Invest 53:1402–1423.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Anderson S, Meyer TW, Rennke HG, Brenner MB (1985) Control of glomerular hypertension limits glomerular injury in rats with reduced renal mass. J Clin Invest 76:612–619.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Anderson S, Rennke HG, Brenner BM (1986) Therapeutic advantage of converting enzyme inhibitors in arresting progressive renal disease associated with systemic hypertension in the rat. J Clin Invest 77:1993–2000.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Anderson S, Diamond JR, Karnovsky MJ, Brenner BM (1988) Mechanisms underlying transition from acute glomerular injury to late glomerular sclerosis in a rat model of nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Invest 82:1757–1768.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Anderson S, Rennke HG, Garcia DL, Brenner BM (1989) Short and long term effects of antihypertensive therapy in the diabetic rat. Kidney Int 36:526–536.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Arendshorst WJ, Beierwaltes WH (1979) Renal and nephron hemodynamics in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol 236:F246–F259.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Baldwin DS, Neugarten J (1986) Blood pressure control and progression of renal insufficiency. In: Mitch WE, Brenner BM, Stein JH (eds) The progressive nature of renal disease. Churchill Liningstone, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bank N, Alterman N, Aynedjian HS (1983) Selective deep nephron hyperfiltration in unin- ephrectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats. Kidney Int 24:191–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Benstein JA, Feiner HD, Parker M, Dworkin LD (1990) Superiority of salt restriction over diuretics in reducing renal hypertrophy and injury in uninephrectomized SHR. Am J Physiol 258:F1675–F1681.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bjorck S, Nyberg G, Mulec H, Granerus G, Herlitz H, Aurell (1986) Beneficial effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on renal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Br Med J 293:471–474.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Brenner BM, Dworkin LD, Ichikawa I (1986) Glomerular Ultrafiltration. In: Brenner BM, Rector FC (ed) The kidney. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 124–144.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Carew T, Patel DJ (1973) Effect of tensile and shear stress on intimal permeability of the left coronary artery in dogs. Atheriosclerosis 18:179–189.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Chanutin A, Ferris EB (1932) Experimental renal insufficiency produced by partial nephrectomy in control diet. Arch Intern Med 49:767–787.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Christensen JS, Cammelgard J, Frandsen M, Parving HH (1981) Increased kidney size, glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow in short term insulin dependent diabetics. Diabetologia 20:451–456.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Daniels BS, Hostetter TH (1990) Adverse effects of growth in the glomerular microcirculation. Am J Physiol 258:F1409–F1416.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Deen WM, Maddox DA, Robertson CR, Brenner BM (1971) Dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat. VII: response to reduced renal mass. Am J Physiol 223:1184–1190.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Dworkin LD, Benstein JA (1990) Antihypertensive agents, glomerular hemodynamics and glomerular injury in: Epstein M, Loutzenhiser (eds) Calcium antagonists and the kidney. Hanley and Belfus, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Dworkin LD, Feiner HD (1986) Glomerular injury in uninephrectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats. A consequence of glomerular capillary hypertension. J Clin Invest 77:797–809.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Dworkin LD, Hostelter TH, Rennke HG, Brenner BM (1984) Hemodynamic basis for glomerular injury in rats with desoxycorticosterone salt hypertension. J Clin Invest 73:1448–1461.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Dworkin LD, Levin RI, Benstein JA, Parker M, Ullian ME, Kim Y, Feiner HD (1990) Effects of nifedipine and enalapril on glomerular injury in rats with deoxycorticosterons- salt hypertension. Am J Physiol 259:F598–F604.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Dworkin LD, Feiner HD, Randazzo J (1987 b) Glomerular hypertension and injury in desoxy- corticosterone-salt rats on antihypertensive therapy. Kidney Int 31:718–724.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Dworkin LD, Parker M, Feiner HD (1988) Nifedipine decreases glomerular injury in rats with remnant kidneys by inhibiting glomerular hypertrophy. Am Soc Nephrol 21:279A (abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Dworkin LD, Feiner HD, Parker M, Tolbert E (1991) Effects of nifedipine and enalapril on glomerular structure and function in uninephrectomized SHR. Kidney Int 39:1112–1117.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Dworkin LD, Parker M, Feiner HD, Tolbert E (1989b) Renal protective actions of nifedipine and enalapril: averting the hypertrophied, hypertensive glomerulus. Am Soc Nephrol 22:316A (abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Edwards RM (1983) Segmental effects of norepinephrine and angiotensin II on isolated renal microvessels. Am J Physiol 244:F526–534.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Feld LG, VanLiew JB, Galeske RG, Boyland JW (1977) Selectivity of renal injury and proteinuria in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Kidney Int 12:332–343.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Feld LG, VanLiew JB, Brentjens JR, Boyland JW (1981) Renal lesions and proteinuria in the spontaneously hypertensive rat made normotensive by treatment. Kidney Int 20:505–614.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Feld LG, Cachero S, Van Liew JB, Zamlauski-Tucker M, Noble B (1990) Enalapril and renal injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 16:544–554.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Friend PS, Fernandes G, Good RA, Michael AF, Yunis EJ (1978) Dietary restrictions early and late: effects of nephropathy in NZB X NZW mouse. Lab Invest 38:629–632.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Fries JWU, Sandstrom DJ, Meyer TW, Rennke HG (1989) Glomerular hypertrophy and epithelial cell injury modulate progressive glomerulosclerosis in the rat. Lab Invest 60:205–218.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Garcia DL, Rennke HG, Brenner BM, Anderson S (1987) Chronic glucocorticoid therapy amplifies glomerular injury in rats with renal ablation. J Clin Invest 80:867–874.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Garcia DL, Anderson S, Rennke HG, Brenner BM (1988) Anemia lessens and its prevention with recombinant human erythropoietin worsens glomerular injury and hypertension in rats with reduced renal mass. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 85:6142–6146.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Gavras H, Brunner HR, Laragh JH, Vaughan ED, Koss M, Cote LS, Gavras I (1975) Malignant hypertension resulting from desoxycorticosterone acetate and salt excess. Circ Res 36:300–309.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Giminez L, Walker WG, Tew WP, Hermann JA (1982) Prevention of phosphate induced progression of uremia in rats by 3-phosphocitric acid. Kidney Int 22:35–41.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Harris DCH, Chan L, Schrier RW (1988) Remnant kidney hypermetabolism and progression of chronic renal failure. Am J Physiol 254:F267–F276.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Harris DH, Hammond WS, Burke TJ, Schreier RW (1987) Verapamil protects against progression of experimental chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 31:41–46.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Hayslett JP (1979) Functional adaptation to reduction in renal mass. Physiol Rev 59:137–164.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Hill GS, Heptinstall RH (1968) Steroid induced hypertension in the rat. Am J Pathol 52:1–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Hostetter TH, Olson JL, Rennke HG, Venkatachalam MA, Brenner BM (1981 a) Hyperfiltra- tion in remnant nephrons: a potentially adverse response to renal ablation. Am J Physiol 241:F85–F93.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Hostetter TH, Troy JL, Brenner BM (1981b) Glomerular hemodynamics in experimental diabetes mellitus. Kidney Int 19:410–415.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Hostettert TH, Rennke HG, Brenner BM (1982) The case for intrarenal hypertension in the initiation and progression of diabetic and other glomerulopathies. Am J Med 72:375–380.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Ibels LS, Alfred AC, Haut L, Huffer WE (1978) Preservation of function in experimental renal disease by dietary restriction of phosphate. N Engl J Med 298:122–126.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Ishizaki M, Takagashi H, Sekino H, Sasaki Y (1985) Effect of Captopril on heavy proteinuria in azotemic diabetics. N Engl J Med 313:1617–1620.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Jobin JR, Bonjour JP (1986) Compensatory renal growth: modulation by calcium PTH and l,25-(OH)2D3. Kidney Int 29:1124–1130.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Kasiske BL, O’Donnell MP, Cleary MP, Keane WF (1988e) Treatment of hyperlipidemia reduces glomerular injury in obese Zucker rats. Kidney Int 33:667–672.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Kasiske BL, O’Donnell MP, Garvis WJ, Keane WF (1988b) Pharmacologic treatment of hyperlipidemia reduces glomerular injury in rat 5/6 nephrectomy model of chronic renal failure. Circ Res 62:367–374.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Klahr S, Heifets M, Purkerson M (1986) The influence of anticoagulation on the progression of renal disease. In: Mitch WE, Brenner BM, Stein JH (eds) The progressive nature of renal disease. Churchill Livingstone, New York, pp 45–64.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Klahr S, Schreiner G, Ichikawa I (1988) The progression of renal disease. N Engl J Med 318:1657–1666.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Kleinknecht C, Laouari D (1986) The influence of dietary components on experimental renal disease. In: Mitch WE, Brenner BM, Stein JH (eds) The progressive nature of renal disease. Churchill Livingstone, New York, pp 17–36.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Lax DS, Benstein JA, Tolbert E, Dworkin LD (1989) Dietary salt restriction decreases renal injury in rats with remnant kidneys: role of glomerular hypertrophy. Am Soc Nephrol 22:323A (abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  53. Lovett DH, Larsen A (1988) Cell-cycle dependent interleukin 1 gene expression by cultured glomerular mesangial cells. J Clin Invest 82:115–122.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Lumlertgul D, Burke TJ, Gillum DM, Alfrey AC, Harris DC, Hammond WJ, Schrier RW (1986) Phosphate depletion arrests progression of chronic renal failure independent of protein intake. Kidney Int 29:658–666.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Marre M, Chatellier G, Leblanc H, Guyene T, Menard J, Passa P (1988) Prevention of diabetic nephropathy with enalapril in normotensive diabetics with microalbuminuria. Br Med J 297:1092–1095.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Meyer TW, Rennke HG (1988 a) Increased single-nephron protein excretion after renal ablation in nephrotic rats. Am J Physiol 255 (23):F1243–F1248.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Meyer TW, Rennke GH (1988b) Progressive glomerular injury following limited infarction in the rat. Am J Physiol 254 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol 23):F856–F862.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Meyer TW, Anderson S, Rennke HG, Brenner BM (1987) Reversing glomerular hypertension stabilizes established glomerular injury. Kidney Int 31:751–759.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Mitch WE, Walser M, Buffingtion GA, Leman J (1976) A simple method for estimating progression of chronic renal failure. Lancet 2:1326–1328.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Mogensen CE (1971) Kidney function and glomerular permeability to macromolecules in early juvenile diabetes. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 28:91–100.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Mogensen CE (1981) Long-term antihypertensive therapy inhibits progression of diabetic nephropathy. Acta Endocrinol [Suppl] (Copenh) S242:31–35.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Mogensen CE, Christensen CK (1984) Predicting diabetic nephropathy in insulin dependent patients. N Engl J Med 311:89–93.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Möhler ER, Fries ED (1960) Five year survival with malignant hypertension treated with antihypertensive agents. Am Heart J 60:329–335.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Moorhead JF, Chan MK, Varghese Z (1986) The role of abnormalities of lipid metabolism in the progression of renal disease. In: Mitch WE, Brenner BM, Stein JH (eds) The progressive nature of renal disease. Churchill Livingstone, New York, pp 133–148.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Nath KA, Hostetter MK, Hostetter TH (1985) Pathophysiology of chronic tubulointerstitial disease in rats. J Clin Invest 76:667–675.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Nath KA, Kren SM, Hostetter TH (1986) Dietary protein restriction in established renal injury in the rat: selective role of glomerular capillary pressure in progressive glomerular dysfunction. J Clin Invest 78:1199–1205.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Neugarten J, Feiner H, Schacht RG, Baldwin DS (1983) Amelioration of experimental glomerulonephritis by dietary protein restriction. Kidney Int 24:595–601.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Neugarten J, Kaminetsky B, Feiner H, Schacht RG, Liu DT, Baldwin DS (1985) Nephrotoxic serum nephritis with hypertension: amelioration by antihypertensive therapy. Kidney Int 28:135–139.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Okuda S, Onoyamo K, Fujimi S, Oh Y, Nomoto K, Omae T (1983) Influence of hypertension on the progression of experimental autologous immune complex nephritis. J Lab Clin Med 101:461–471.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Parving HH, Andersen AR, Smidt UM, Christensen JS, Oxenboll B, Svendsen PA (1983) Diabetic nephropathy and arterial hypertension: the effect of antihypertensive treatment. Diabetes 32(S2)83–87.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Pelayo JC, Harris DCH, Shanley PF, Miller GJ, Schrier RW (1988) Glomerular hemodynamic adaptations in remnant nephrons: effects of verapamil. Am J Physiol 254:F425–F421.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Purkerson ML, Hoffsten PE, Klahr S (1976) Pathogenesis of the glomerulopathy associated with renal infarction in rats. Kidney Int 9:407–417.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Purkerson ML, Joist JH, Yates J, Valdes A, Morrison A, Klahr S (1985) Inhibition of thromboxane synthesis ameliorates the progressive kidney disease of rats with subtotal renal ablation. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 82:193–197.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Raij L, Azar S, Keane WF (1985) Role of hypertension in immune injury. Hypertension 7:398–404.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Rennke HG (1986) Structural alterations associated with glomerular hyper filtration. In: Mitch WE, Stein JH, Brenner BM (eds) The progressive nature of renal disease. Churchill Livingstone, New York, pp 111–131.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Schrier RW, Harris DCH, Chan L, Shapiro JI, Caramelo C (1988) Tubular hypermetabolism as a factor in the progression of chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis 12:243–249.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Shah SV (1989) Role of reactive oxygen metabolites in experimental glomerular disease. Kidney Int 35:1093–1106.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Shimamura T, Morrison AB (1975) A progressive glomerulosclerosis occurring in partial five-sixths nephrectomized rats. Am J Pathol 79:95–106.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Smadel JE, Far LE (1939) Effect of diet on the pathologic changes in rats with nephrotoxic serum nephritis. Am J Pathol 15:199.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Steffes MW, Brown DM, Mauer SM (1978) Diabetic glomerulopathy following unilateral nephrectomy in the rat. Diabetes 27:35–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Tsivitse, P, Abbound HE, Saunders C, Knauss TC (1986) Effect of epidermal growth factor on cultured mesangial cells. Am Soc Nephrol 19:27 (abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  82. Yoshida Y, Fogo A, Ichikawa I (1989 a) Glomerular hemodynamic changes vs. hypertrophy in experimental glomerular sclerosis. Kidney Int 35:654–660.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Yoshida Y, Kawamura M, Ikoma M, Fogo A, Ichikawa I (1989b) Effects of antihypertensive drugs on glomerular morphology. Kidney Int 36:626–625.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Zatz R, Brenner BM (1986) Pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy: the hemodynamic view. Am J Med 80:443–453.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Zatz R, Meyer TW, Rennke HG, Brenner BM (1985) Predominance of hemodynamic rather than metabolic factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic glomerulopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 82:5963–5967.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Zatz R, Dunn BR, Meyer TW, Anderson S, Rennke HG, Brenner BM (1986) Prevention of diabetic glomerulopathy by pharmacologic amelioration of glomerular capillary hypertension. J Clin Invest 77:1925–1930.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Benstein, J.A., Dworkin, L.D. (1992). Glomerular Hemodynamics and Experimental Renal Injury. In: Lüscher, T.F., Kaplan, N.M. (eds) Renovascular and Renal Parenchymatous Hypertension. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61239-8_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61239-8_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64756-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-61239-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics