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Alcohol

  • Chapter
Book cover Pharmacological Aspects of Drug Dependence

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 118))

Abstract

Ethanol is molecule of simple chemical structure and complex metabolic, pharmacologic and pathologic actions. The two-carbon backbone of ethanol is efficiently converted by most animals, including human beings, to carbon dioxide and water, and a concomitant of this metabolism is the generation of calories. The calories derived from the metabolism of one gram of ethanol exceed the calories that can be derived from the metabolism of one gram of protein. The 1990 per capita annual consumption of ethanol in the USA by individuals age 14 and older (SEVENTH SPECIAL REPORT TO CONGRESS 1990) can be calculated to account for 12% of the caloric intake of these individuals. This figure is similar to the calories derived by the US population from protein and, thus, ethanol can be considered to be a major foodstuff in both the USA and many other countries in which beverage ethanol is legally consumed.

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  1. B. Tabakoff
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  2. K. Hellevuo
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  1. University Psychiatric Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 2751 E. Jefferson Avenue, 48207, Detroit, MI, USA

    Charles R. Schuster Ph.D.

  2. Director, The National Institute on Drug Abuse, Addiction Research Center, P.O. Box 5180, 21224, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Michael J. Kuhar Ph.D.

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Tabakoff, B., Hellevuo, K., Hoffman, P.L. (1996). Alcohol. In: Schuster, C.R., Kuhar, M.J. (eds) Pharmacological Aspects of Drug Dependence. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 118. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60963-3_11

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