Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Laser Doppler

  • Chapter
Kutane Mikrozirkulation

  • 39 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Laser Doppler werden heutzutage in fast allen Bereichen der Medizin angewandt Nicht zuletzt aufgrund der Einfachheit der Bedienung und der Möglichkeit, kurzfristig und nicht-invasiv Informationen über den Durchblutungszustand eines Gewebes wie z.B. der Haut oder eines Gefäßes zu erhalten, hat sich die Laser Doppler Technik sehr schnell etabliert. Häufige Anwendungsfelder sind neben der experimentellen Mikrozirkulationsforschung die Angiologie, die Dermatologie und die plastische Chirurgie. Inzwischen gibt es zahlreiche käuflich erwerbliche Geräte. In diesem Kapitel sollen die eindimensionale Laser Doppler Fluxmetrie, das Laser Doppler Scanning und die Laser Doppler Anemometrie vorgestellt warden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

Literatur

  • Abbot NC, Swanson Beck J, Wilson SB, Khan E Vasomotor reflexes in the fingertip skin of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and leprosy. Clinical Autonomic Res 1993; 3: 189–193.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abu-Own A, Scurr JH, Coleridge Smith PD. Effect of leg elevation on the skin microcirculation in chronic venous insufficiency. J Vasc Surg 1994; 20: 705–710.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Agner T, Serup J. Individual and instrumental variations in irritant patch-test reactions–clinical evaluation and quantification by bioengineering methods. Clin Exp, Der-matol 1990; 15: 29– 33.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Albrecht HP, Hiller D, Hornstein OP, Bühler-Singer S, Mück M, Gruschwitz M. Microcirculatory functions in systemic sclerosis: additional parameters for therapeutic concepts? J Invest Dermatol 1993; 101: 211–215.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berardesca E, Maibach HI. Sodium-lauryl-sulphate induced cutaneous irritation. Comparison of white and hispanic subjects. Contact Dermatitis 1988; 19: 136–140.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernardi L, Rossi M, Fratino P, Finardi G, Mevio E, Orlandi C. Relationship between phasic changes in human skin blood flow and autonomic tone. Microvasc Res 1989; 37: 16–27.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bollinger A, Hoffmann U, Franzeck UK. Evaluation of fluxmotion in man by the laser Doppler technique. Blood Vessels 1991; 28: 21–26.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bolton B, Carmichael EA, Sturrup G. Vasoconstriction following deep inspiration. J Physiol 1936; 306: 537–552

    Google Scholar 

  • Bongard O, Bounameaux H, Fagrell B. Effects of oxygen inhalation on skin microcirculation in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Circulation 1992; 86: 878–3886.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bongard O, Fagrell B. Discrepancies between total and nutritional skin microcirculation in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). VASA 1990; 19: 105–111.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bongard O, Fagrell B. Variations in laser Doppler flux and flow motion patterns in the dorsal skin of the human foot. Microvasc Res 1990; 39: 212–222.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Champion RH. Abnormal vascular reactions in atopic eczema. Br J Dermatol 1963; 75: 12–15.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheatle TR, Shami SK, Stibe E, Coleridge Smith PD, Scurr JH. Vasomotion in venous disease. J Roy Soc Med 1991; 84: 261–263.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clinton MS, Sepka RS, Bristol D, Pederson WC, Barwick WJ, Serafin D. Establishment of normal ranges of laser Doppler blood flow in autologous tissue transplants. Plastic Reconst Surg 1991; 87: 299–309.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coluantoni A, Bertuglia S, Intaglietta M. Quantification of rhtythmic diameter changes in arterial microcirculation.Am J Physiol 1984; 246: H508–517.

    Google Scholar 

  • Creutzig A, Caspary L, Alexander K Disturbances of skin microcirculation in patients with chronic arterial disease and venous incompetence VASA 1988; 17: 77 –82.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Creutzig A, Caspary L, Hertel RF,Alexander K. Temperature-dependent laser Doppler fluxmetry in healthy and patients with peripheral arterial disease.Int J Microcirc:Clin Exp 1987; 6: 381–390.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • de Mul FFM,van Spijker J, van der plas D, Greve J, Aarnoudse JG, Snits TM. Mini laser-Doppler (blood) flow monitor with diode laser source and detection integrated in the probe. Appl Opt 1984; 23: 2970–2973.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duteil L, Bernego C, Schalla W. A double wavelength laser Doppler system to investigate skin microcirculation. IEEE Trans Biomend Eng 1985; 32: 439 –447.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ehrlich HP, Kelley SF. Hypertrophic scar: an interruption in the remodeling of repair-a laser Doppler blood flow study. Plast Reconstr Surg 1992; 90: 993–998.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franzeck UK,Stengele B,Panradl U, Wahl P, Tillmanns H. Cutaneous reactive hyperemia in short-term tyoe I-diabetes -continous monitoring by a combined laser Doppler and transcutaneous oxygen probe.VASA 1990; 19: 8–15.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gebuhr P, Sörgensen JP, Volmer-Larsen B. Estimation of amputation level with a laser Doppler flowmetry. J Bone Joint Surg (BR) 1989; 71: 514–517.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilespie JA. Vasodilatator properties of alcohol. Br.Med J 1967; 2: 274– 277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg J, Sepka RS, Perona BP, Pederson W, Klitzman B. Laser Doppler blood flow measurements of common cutaneous donor sites for reconstructive surgery.Plast Reconstr Surg 1990; 85: 581.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gush RJ,King TA. Investigation and improved performance of optical fibre probes in laser Doppler blood flow measurement Med Biol Eng Comput 1987; 25: 391–396.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hallock GG, Rice D. Increased sensitivity in objective monitoring of tissue expansion. Plast Reconstr Surg 1993; 91: 217–222.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henriksen O. Local sympathic reflex mechanism in regulation of blood flow in human subcutaneous adipose tissue. Acta Physiol Scand 1977; 45 (Suppl); 7– 48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heyer G, Hornstein OP, Handwerker HO. Skin reactions and itch sensation induced by epicutaneous histamine application in atopic dermatitis and control. J invest Dermatol 1989; 93: 492–496.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann U, Yanar A, Franzeck UK, Bollinger A. Fluxmotionsmuster bei Gesunden und Patienten mit peripherer arterieller Verschlukrankheit. VASA 1991;20 (Suppl) 33: 273–277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hornstein OP, Boissevain F, Wittmann H. Non-invasive measurement of the vascular dynamics of ermographism J Dermatol 1991; 18: 79–85.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hull SM, Goodfield M, Wood EJ, Cunliffe WJ. Active and inactive edges of psoriatic plaques: identification by tracing and investigation by laser-Doppler flowmetry and immunocytochemical techniques. J Invest Dermatol 1989; 92: 782–785

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jakobsson A, Nilsson GE. Prediction of sampling depth and photon pathlenght in laser Doppler flowmetry. Med Biol Eng Comput 1993; 31: 301–307.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johansson K, Jakobsson A, Lindahl K, Lindhagen J, Lundgren O, Nilsson GE. Influence of fibre diameter and probe geometry on the measuring depth of laser Doppler flowmetry in the gastrointestinal application. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1991; 10: 219–229.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kahn F, Spence VA, Wilson SB, Abbot NC. Quantification of sympathic vascular response in skin by laser Doppler flowmetry. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1991; 10: 145–153.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan A, Schall LM, Tur E, Maibach HI, Guy RH. Blood flow in psoriatic lesions: the effect of treatment. Br J Dermatol 1987; 117: 193 -201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan F, Carnochan FMT, Abbot NC, Wilson SB. The effect of oxygen supplementation on post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia in human forearm skin. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1991; 10: 43–53.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klyscz T, Hahn M, Jünger M. Laser-Doppler-Flux-Messungen zur Therapiekontrolle bei zirkumskripter Sklerodermie. Hautarzt 1995; 46: 421–424.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kolari Pj. Optoelectronic Doppler velocimetry based on semiconductor laser diode for measurements of cutaneous blood flow. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1984; 3: 476.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kvernebo K, Slagsvold CE, Stranden E, Kroese A, Larsen S. Laser Doppler flowmetry in evaluation of lower limb resting skin circulation. A study in healthy controls and atherosclerotic patients. Scan J Clin Lab Invest 1988; 48: 621–626.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lantsberg L, Goldman M. Laser Doppler flowmetry, transcutaneous oxygen tension measurements and Doppler pressure compared in patients undergoing amputation. Eur J Vasc Surg 1991; 5: 195–197.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Midwinter JE. Optical fibers for transmission. New York: John Wiley & Sons 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mito K, Ikeda H, Sumi M, Shinohara S. Self mixing effect of the semiconductor laser Doppler method for blood flow measurement. Med Biol Eng Comput 1993; 31: 308–310.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mück-Weymann ME, Leppek R, Albrecht HP, Hornstein OP, Klose KJ, Bauer RD. Farbcodierte Duplex-Sonographie and Laser-Doppler-Fluxmetrie in Fingerkuppen Gesunder. Bildgebung 1995; 62: 132–137.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Müller Ph, Keller R, Imhof P, Laser Doppler flowmetry a reliable technique for measuring pharmacologically induced changes in cutaneous blood flow? Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 1987; 9: 409–420.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neste van D, Brouwer de B. Monitoring of skin response to sodium lauryl sulphate: clinical scores versus bioengineering methods. Contact Dermatitis 1992; 7: 151–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson GE, Tenland T, Öberg PÅ. A new instrument for continous measurement of tissue blood flow by light beating spectroscopy. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1980; 27: 12–19.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson GE. Signal processor for laser Doppler tissue flowmeter. Med Biol Eng Comput 1984; 22: 343–348.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Obeid AN, Dougherty G, Pettinger S. In viva comparison of twin wavelength laser Doppler flowmeter using He-Ne and laser diode sources. J Biomed Eng Tech 1990; 14: 102–110.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Öberg PÅ, Tenland T, Nilsson GE. Laser-Doppler Flowmetry–a non-invasive and continuous method for blood flow evaluation in microvascular studies. Acta Med Scand 1984; 17 (Suppl): 17–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Öberg PÅ. Laser Doppler Flowmetry. Biomed Eng 1990; 18: 125–163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oberle J, Elam M, Karlsson T, Gunnar Wallin B. Temperature-dependent interaction between vasoconstrictor and vasodilator mechanisms in human skin. Acta Physiol Scand 1988; 132: 459–469.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olsen N, Petring OU, Bossing N. Exaggerated postural vasoconstrictor reflex in Raynaud’s phenomenon. Br Med J 1987; 294: 1186–1188.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Proano E, Perbeck L. Effect of exposure to heat and intake of ethanol on the skin circulation and temperature in ischaemic limbs. Clinical Physiol 1994; 14: 305–310.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramsay C. Vascular changes accompanying white dermographism and delayed blanch in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1969; 81: 37–44.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasch W, Cabanac M. Vasomotor of the human face: laser-Doppler measurements during mild hypo- and hyperthermia. Acta Physiol Scand 1993; 147: 431–436.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rendell MS, Gitter M, Bamisedun O, Davenport K, Schultz R. The laser Doppler analysis of posturally induced changes in skin blood flow at elevated temperatures. Clin Physiol 1992; 12: 241–252.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rendell MS, Kelly ST, Bamisedun O, Luu T, Finney DA, Knox S. The effect of increasing temperature on skin blood flow and red cell deformability. Clin Physiol 1993; 13: 235–245.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salerud EG, Tenland T, Nilsson GE, Öberg PÅ. Rhythmical variations in human skin blood flow. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1983; 2: 91–102.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schechner JS, Bravermann IM. Synchronous vasomotion in the human cutaneous microvasculature provides evidence for central modulation. Microvasc Res 1992; 44: 27–32.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheffler A, Rieger H. Signalverlaufmuster des Laser-Doppler-Fluxes bei peripherer arterieller Verschlukrankheit and ihre Beziehung zum systolischen Knüchelarterienindex. In: Proceeding of the 12th Annual Meeting of the Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Mikrozirkulation. Bern 1988,73–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seifert H, Jäger K, Bollinger A. Analysis of flow motion by the laser Doppler technique in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1988; 7: 233–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shephard AP, Öberg PÅ. Laser Doppler Flowmetry. Norwell: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shore AC, Price KJ, Sandeman DD, Tripp JH, Tooke JE. Posturally induced vasoconstriction in diabetes mellitus. Arch Dis Childhood 1994; 70: 22–26.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Speight EL, Essex TJH, Farr PM. The study of plaques of psoriasis using a scanning laser-Doppler velocimeter. Br J Dermatol 1993; 128: 519–524.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Staberg B, Serup J. Allergic and irritant skin reactions evaluated by laser Doppler flowmetry. Contact Dermatitis 1988; 18: 40–45.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stern MD. In vivo evaluation of micro circulation by coherent light scattering. Nature 1975; 254: 56–58.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stücker M, Heese A, Hoffmann K, Röchling A, Altmeyer P. Precision of laser Doppler scanning in clinical use. Clin Exp Dermatol 1995; 20: 371–376.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suiches HE, Aarnoudse JG, Wouda AA, Jentink HW, de Mul FFM, Greve J. Digital blood flow in cooled and contralateral finger in patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon. Comparative measurements between photoelectrical phlethysmography and laser Doppler flowmetry. Angiology 1992; 43: 134–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sundberg S. Acute effects and long-term variation in skin blood flow measured with laser Doppler flowmetry. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1984; 44: 341–345.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tenland T, Salerud EG, Nilsson GE, Öberg PA. Spatial and temporal variations in human skin blood flow. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1983; 2: 81–90.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tooke JE, Östergren J, Fagrell B. Synchronous assessment of human skin microcirculation by laser Doppler flowmetry and dynamic capillaroscopy. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1983; 2: 277-284. 161

    Google Scholar 

  • Tur E, Tur M, Maibach HI, Guy RH. Basal perfusion of the cutaneous microcirculation: measurements as a function of anatomic position. J Invest Dermatol 1983; 81: 442–446.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tur E, Yosipovitch G, Bar-On Y. Skin reactive hyperemia in diabetic patients. A study with laser Doppler flowmetry. Diabetes Care 1991; 14: 958–962.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wahlberg E, Olofsson P, Swedenborg J, Fagrell B. Level of arterial obstruction in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PROD) determined by laser Doppler fluxmetry. Eur J Vasc Surg 1993; 7: 684–689.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wardell K, Jakobsson A, Nilsson GE. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging by dynamic light scattering. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1993; 40: 309–316.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watkins D, Holloway GA. An instrument to measure cutaneous blood flow using the Doppler shift of laser light. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1978; 25: 28–33.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wigley FM, Wise RA, Mikdashi J, Schaefer S, Spence RJ. The post-occlusive hyperemic response in patients with systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33: 1620–1625.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkin JK, Trotter K. Cognitive activity and cutaneous blood flow. Arch Dermatol 1987; 123: 1503–1506.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkin JK. Periodic cutaneous blood flow during aldehyde provoked hyperemia. Microvasc Res 1988; 35: 287–294.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkin JK. Periodic cutaneous blood flow during postocclusive reactive hyperemia. Am J Physiol 1986; 250: H765–H768.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkin JK. Poiseulle, periodicity, and perfusion: rhythmic oscillatory vasomotion in the skin. J Invest Dermatol 1989; 93: 1135–1185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willis CM, Stephens CJM, Wilkinson JD. Assessment of erythema in irritant contact dermatitis. Comparison between visual scoring and laser Doppler flowmetry. Contact Dermatitis 1988; 18: 138–142.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson SB, Jennings PE, Belch JJF. Detection of microvascular impairment in type I-diabetes by laser Doppler flowmetry. Clin Physiol 1992; 12: 195–208.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wollersheim H, Droste H, Reyenga J, Thien T. Laser Doppler evaluation of skin vasomotor reflexes during sympathetic stimulation in normals and in patients with primary Raynaud’s phenomenon. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1991; 10: 33–42.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Literatur

    Google Scholar 

  • Amon U, Menz U, Wolff HH. Investigations on plasma levels of mast cell mediators in acute atopic dermatits. J Dermatol Sci 1994; 7: 63–67.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arbeitsgruppe Sklerodermie der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Forschung (ADF). Klinik der progressiven systemischen Sklerodermie (PSS). Hautarzt 1986; 37: 320–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Auer T, Bacharach-Buhles M, el-Gammal S, Stücker M, Panz B, Popp C, Hoffmann K, Happe M, Altmeyer P. The hyperperfusion of the psoriatic plaque correlates histologically with dilatation of vessels. Acta Derm Venereol 1994; 186 (Supply): 30–32

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boissevain F, Wittmann H, Hornstein OP. Dopplersonographische Flowmetrie and Infrarotthermographie des Dermographismus bei Atopikern und Gesunden. Zbl Haut 1989; 155: 725–738.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bornmyr S, Arner M, Svensson H. Laser Doppler imaging of finger skin blood flow in patients after microvascular repair of the ulnar artery at the wrist. J Hand Surg 1994; 198: 295–300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Copeman PW, Winkelman RK. Vascular changes accompanying white dermographism in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1969; 81: 944–945.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis MJ, Lawler JC. Observations on delayed blanch phenomenon in atopic subjects. J Invest Dermatol 1958; 30: 127–130.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ebbecke U Die lokale vasomotorische Reaktion der Haut und der inneren Organe. Pflügers Arch 1917; 169: 1–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Essex TJH, Byrne PO. A laser Doppler scanner for imaging blood flow in skin. J Biomed Eng 1991; 13: 189–194.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grosshans E, Selig D, Queuneeville J, Gauthiere M. Physiopathologie de la blancheur cholinergique retardee dans I’ atopie dermatits. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1977; 104: 453–457.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison DK, Abbott NC, Swanson Beck J, Mc Collum PT. A preliminary assessment of laser Doppler perfusion imaging in human skin using the tuberculin reaction as a model. Physiol Meas 1993; 14: 241–252.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haustein UF, Kuntz C. Zur Histaminreaktivität von kranker und unbefallener Haut beim endogenen Ekzem and beim chronisch allergischen Kontaktekzem. Allerg Immunol 1986; 32.2:193-198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heese A. Quantifizierung kutan vaskulärer Reaktivität mittels Laser-Doppler Scaninng am Beispiel der paradoxen Reaktion bei der atopischen Dermatitis. Bochum: Dissertation 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heyer G, Berg P, Hornstein OP. Verlaufsbeobachtungen der kutanen paradoxen Gefäreaktionen bei Atopikern während und nach Ekzemschüben. Hautarzt 1995; 46: 22–27.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heyer G, Hornstein OP, Handwerker HO. Skin reactions and itch sensations induced by epicutaneous histamine application in atopic dermatitis and controls. J Invest Dermatol 1989; 93: 492–496.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann K, Auer T, Stücker M, Altmeyer P. Wirkungseintritt eines Antihistaminikums im Histamin-Quaddeltest. Akt Dermatol 1996; 22: 216–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann K, Auer T, Stücker M, Dirschka T, el-Gammal S, Altmeyer P. Evaluation of the efficacy of H1 blockers by noninvasive measurement techniques. Dermatology 1994; 189: 146–151.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Illig L. Die Reaktion der Haut des Neurodermitikers auf zwei nikotinsäureesterhaltige Reizstoffe. Dermatol Wochenschr 1952; 126: 755–763.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson K, Jakobsson A, Lindahl K, Lindhagen J, Lundgren O, Nilsson GE. Influence of fibre diameter and probe geometry on the measuring depth of laser Doppler flowmetry in the gastrointestinal application. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1991; 10: 145–153.

    Google Scholar 

  • Juhlin L. Vascular skin reactions in atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol 1962; 42: 218–229.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaltz F, Fekete Z. Studies on the mechanism of the white response and the delayed blanch phenomenon in atopic subjects by means of coomassie blue. J Invest Dermatol 1960; 35: 251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klemp P, Staberg B. Cutaneous blood flow during white dermographism in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 1982; 79: 243–245.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korting GW. Einige Wesenszüge des endogenen Ekzematikers. Dt Med Wochenschr 1960; 85: 417–426.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korting GW. Zur Pathogenese des endogenen Ekzems. Stuttgart: Thieme 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis T, Grant RT. Vascular reactions of the skin to injury. The liberation of an histamine like substance in injured skin, the underlying cause of factitious urticaria and of wheals produced by burning and observations upon the venous control of certain skin diseases. Heart 1924; 1 1: 209–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis T. The vessels of the human skin and their responses. London: Shaw & Sons 1927.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lobitz WC, Campbell CJ. Physiologic studies in atopic dermatitis. Arch Derm Syph 1953; 67: 575–589.

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller LR. Studien über den Dermographismus und dessen diagnostische Bedeutung. Dt Z Nervenheilkd 1913; 47: 413–435.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mürrel TW. The cutaneous reaction to nicotin acid (niacin) furfuryl. Arch Dermatol 1959; 79: 545–555.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann HAM. Mündliche Mitteilung. Arbeitskreis Mikrozirkulation. Bochum 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noon JP, Evans CE, Haynes WG, Webb DJ, Walker BR. A comparison of techniques to assess skin blanching following the topical application of glucocorticoids. Br J Dermatol 1996; 134: 837–842.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quinn AG, McLelland J, Essex T, Farr PM. Measurement of cutaneous inflammatory reactions using laser-Doppler velocimeter. Br J Dermatol 1991; 125: 30–37.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quinn AG, McLelland J, Essex T, Farr PM. Quantification of contact allergic inflammation: a comparison of existing methods with scanning laser Doppler velocimeter. Acta Derm Venerol 1993; 73: 21–25.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramsay C. Vascular changes accompanying white dermographism and delayed blanch phenomena in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1969; 81: 37–43.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reed WB, Kierland RR. Vascular reactions in chronically inflamed skin. Action of epinephrine and phentolamine, and the delayed blanch. Arch Dermatol 1958; 77: 333–338.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzicka T, Glück S. Cutaneous histamine levels and histamine releaseability from the skin in atopic dermatitis and hyper- IgE-syndrome. Arch Derm Res 1983; 275: 41–44.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan TJ. Cutaneous circulation. In: Physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of the skin Bd. 2. Goldsmith LA (Hrsg). Oxford: Oxford university press 1991a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryan TJ. Vascular reactivity in atopic eczema. In: Handbook of atopic eczema. Ruzicka T, Ring J, Przybilla B (Hrsg). Berlin: Springer 1991b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schönberger A, Heyer G, Hornstein OP. Lokale Gefäreaktion auf intrakutane Acetylcholin und Histamininjektionen sowie epikutane Nikotinsäureesterapplikation beim atopischen Ekzem. Akt Dermatol 1987; 13: 111–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schönberger A, Heyer G, Hornstein OP. Lokale Gefäreaktionen auf intrakutane Acetylcholin und Histamininjektionen sowie epikutane Nikotinsäureesterapplikation beim atopischen Ekzem. Akt Dermatol 1987; 13: 111–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schönberger A, Langestein B, Heyer G, Hornstein OP. Quantifizierte Bestimmung des Dermographismus bei Patienten mit atopischem Ekzem. Hautarzt 1988; 39: 72–76.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solomon LM, Wentzel HE, Talsky E. The physiological disposition of C-14-norepine phrine in patients with atopic dermatitis and other dermatoses. J Invest Dermatol 1964; 43: 193–200

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solomon LM, Wentzel HE. Plasma catecholamines in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 1963; 4: 101–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Speight EL, Essex TJH, Farr PM. The study of plaques of psoriasis using a scanning laser Doppler velocimeter. Br J Dermatol 1993; 128: 519–524.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Speight EL, Farr PM. Calcipotriol improves the response of psoriasis to PUVA. Br J Dermatol 1994; 130: 79–82.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stucker M, Auer T, Hoffmann K, Altmeyer P. Spatial pattern of cutaneous perfusion in wound healing. In: Wound healing and skin physiology. Altmeyer P, Hoffmann K, el Gammal S, Hutchinson J (Hrsg). Berlin: Springer 1995; 127–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stücker M, Heese A, Hoffmann K, Röchling A, Altmeyer P, Precision of laser Doppler scanning in clinical use. Clin Exp Dermatol 1995; 20: 371–376.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stücker M, Jeske M, Hoffmann K, Altmeyer P. Laser-Doppler-Scanning bei progressiver systemischer Sklerodermie. Phlebol 1995; 24: 9–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stücker M, Reuther T, Hoffmann K, Altmeyer P. Quantification of cutaneous pharmacological reactions: comparison of laser Doppler scanning, colorimetry, planimetry and skin temperature measurement. Skin Res Tech 1996; 2: 12–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stücker M, Auer T, Hoffmann K, Altmeyer P. Two-dimensional blood flow determinations in allergic reactions using laser Doppler scanning. Contact Derm 1995; 33: 299–303.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stüttgen G, Schäfer H. Funktionelle Dermatologie. Berlin: Springer 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thune P, Rajka G. Small vessel reactivity in atopic dermatits. Acta Derm Venereol 1980; 30: 30–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uehara M, Ofuji S. Delayed blanch reaction in atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 1978; 114; 1098–1099.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uehara M. Reduced histamine reaction in atopic dermatits. Arch Dermatol 1978; 118: 244–245.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wahlgren CE Itch and atopic dermatitis: clinical and experimental studies. Acta Derm Venereol 1991:165:1-53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wardell K, Braverman IM, Silverman DG, Nilsson GE. Spatial heterogeneity in normal skin perfusion recorded with laser Doppler imaging and flowmetry. Microvasc Res 1994; 48: 26–38.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wardell K, Jakobsson A, Nilsson GE. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging by dynamic light scattering. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1993; 40: 309–316.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wardell K, Naver HK, Nilsson GE, Wallin BG. The cutaneous vascular axon reflex in humans characterised by laser Doppler perfusion imaging. J Physiol 1993; 460: 185–199.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wardell K. Laser-Doppler-Perfusion Imaging. Thesis No. 308. Department of Biomedical Engineering. Linköping University, 1993, Sweden.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren JB. Nitric oxide and human skin blood flow responses to acetylcholine and ultraviolett light. FASEB J 1994; 8: 247–251.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whitefield A. On the white reaction (white line) in dermatology. Br J Dermatol 1938; 50: 71–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkin JK, Fortner G, Reinhardt LA, Flowers OV, Kilpatrick SJ, Streeter C. Prostaglandins and nicotinate-provoked increase in cutaneous blood flow. Clin Pahrmacol Ther 1985; 38: 273–277

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Bollingez A.Fagrell B. Clinical Capillaroscopy:A guide to its use in clinical research and practice. Toronto: Hogrefe&Huber Publishers 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bollinger A,Mahler F,Anliker M Velocity of red blood cells in human nailfold capillaries Acta Chir Scand 1976;465:7–9

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Born GR,Melling A,Whitelaw JH Laser Doppler microscope for blood cell measurement Biorheol 1978;15:163–172

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowlings A,Mutti P, Barras JP,Trachler H,Siegenthaler W Red blood cell velocity in nailfold capillaries of man measured by a televison microscopy technique Microvasc Res 1974;7:61–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Brånemark PI, Jonnson I. Determination of the velocity of corpuscules in blood

    Google Scholar 

  • Braverman IM. Ultrastructure and organization of the cutaneous microvasculature in normal and pathologic states. J Invest Dermatol 1989; 93: 2S–9S.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butti P, Intaglietta M, Reimann H, Holliger CH, Bollinger A, Anliker M. Capillary red blood cell velocity measurements in human nailfold by video densitometric method. Microvasc Res 1975; 10: 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fagrell B, Fronek A, Intaglietta M. Capillary blood flow velocity during rest and post-occlusive reactive hyperemia in skin areas of the toes and lower leg. Bibl Anat 1977a; 16: 159–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fagrell B, Fronek A, Intaglietta M. A microscope television system for studying flow velocity in human skin capillaries. Am J Physiol 1977b; 233: H318–H321.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fagrell B, Intaglietta M. The dynamics of skin microcirculation as a tool for the study of systemic diseases. Bibl Anat 1977c; 16: 231–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fagrell B, Intaglietta M. The dynamics of skin microcirculation as a tool for the study of systemic diseases. Bibl Anat 1977c; 16: 231–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gasser P, Bergen W. Nailfold videomicroscopy and local cold test in type I-diabetics. Angiology 1992; 43: 395–400.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Intaglietta M, Silverman NR, Tompkins WR. Capillary flow velocity measurement in vivo and in situ by television methodes. Microvasc Res 1975; 10: 165–179.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs MJHM. Capillary microscopy and haemorheology in vasospastic and occlusive vascular diseases. Thesis, Maastrich 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koyama T, Mishina H, Asakura T. A study of microcirculation in web of frog (Xenopus laevis Daudin) by using laser Doppler microscope. Experientia 1975; 31: 1420–1422.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kreid D, Goldstein R. Measurement of velocity profiles in simulated blood by the laser Doppler technique. Paper 4-2-95, Symposium on flow-measurement and control in science and industry. Pittsburgh 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Cong P, Zweifach BW. In vivo and in vitro velocity measurements in microvasculature with a laser. Microvasc Res 1979; 17: 131–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahler F, Sanner H, Annaheim, M, Linden HR. Capillaroscopic evaluation of erythrocyte flow velocity in patients with Raynaud’s syndrome by means of local cold exposure test. Prog Appl Microcirc 1986; 11: 47–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson AL, Eriksson LE, Nilsson GE. Effects of local convective cooling and rewarming on skin blood flow. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1986; 5: 11–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Östergren J. Studies on skin capillary blood cell velocity by video photometric capillaros-copy. Thesis Stockholm 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  • Östergren J, Fagrell B. Skin capillary blood cell velocity in man. Characteristics and reproducibility of the reactive hyperemia response. Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp 1986; 5: 37–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richardson D. Relationship between digital artery and nailfold capillary flow velocities. Microcirculation. 1982; 3: 283–296.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riva C, Gilbert F, Eberili B, Benary V. Bidirectional LDV system for absolute measurement of blood speed in retinal vessels. Appl Optics 1979: 18: 2301–2303.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seki J. Fiber-optic laser-Doppler anemometer microscope developed for the measurement of microvascular red cell velocity. Microvasc Res 1990; 40: 302–316

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shephard Ap, Öberg PÅ, Laser Doppler Flowmetry Norwell:Kluwer Academic Publishers Group 1990

    Google Scholar 

  • Stücker M, Baier V Reuther T, Hoffmann K Kellan K, Altmeyer P, Capillary blood cell velocity in human skin capillaries located perpendicularly to the skin surface: measured by a new laser Doppler anemometer. Microvasc Res 1996; 52: 188–192.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tyml K.Ellis CG.Evaluation of the flying spot technique as a television method for measuring red cell velocity in microvessels. Int J Microcirc:Clin Exp 1982; 1: 143–146.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dermatologische Klinik der Ruhr-Universität im St.Josef-Hospital, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany

    Prof.Dr.med. Peter Altmeyer, Dr.med. Klaus Hoffmann & Dr.med. Markus Stücker

Authors
  1. Prof.Dr.med. Peter Altmeyer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dr.med. Klaus Hoffmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dr.med. Markus Stücker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Altmeyer, P., Hoffmann, K., Stücker, M. (1997). Laser Doppler. In: Kutane Mikrozirkulation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60728-8_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60728-8_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64530-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60728-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation