Abstract
Under scattering of light one understands the appearance, in the medium illuminated by an external source, of new electromagnetic waves with frequencies and directions different from those of the initial wave. Light scattering and photoluminescence are aspects of a general phenomenon of secondary emission in matter. Moreover, under certain conditions (e.g., resonant fluorescence of atoms or exciton emission in a semiconductor under resonant pumping) to distinguish between these two phenomena becomes meaningless. In most cases, however, such a distinction can be justified; indeed, in light scattering defined in the traditional way the excited states of a system are virtual, whereas in photoluminescence the emission of the secondary photon is usually preceded by multiple transitions of the system between different real excited states.
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Ivchenko, E.L., Pikus, G.E. (1997). Light Scattering. In: Superlattices and Other Heterostructures. Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences, vol 110. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60650-2_8
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