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The Structural Basis of Maternal-Fetal Immune Interactions in the Human Placenta

  • Chapter
Reproductive Immunology

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 222))

Abstract

More than 40 years ago Sir PETER MEDAWAR(1955) proposed a set of im-munological mechanisms to explain how a semiallogeneic fetus can survive in the maternal host. Since that time a variety of investigators have sought to explain reproductive loss using this framework. Despite validation of many of the mechanisms, significant questions remain regarding the existence and nature of immunologically mediated reproductive failure. Much of the past work has been performed in rodents. Although the hemochorial placentas of primates and rodents have significant homology, it is difficult to overcome two major differences between these two mammalian orders:mass of gestational tissue and duration of pregnancy. The human placenta is several hundred times larger than the rodent placenta and persists in the mother for an average of 280 versus 21 days for the mouse. These different parameters are likely to have exerted divergent evolutionary pressures in the two orders, leading to significant differences in function. The limitation of rodent models is exemplified by the fact that two major causes of perinatal mortality in humans, preterm labor and preeclampsia, do not occur in rodents. For these reasons it is likely that future progress in reproductive immunology will require the increased use of nonhuman primates and the development of better techniques to study immunopathology in human placentas.

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  1. Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    R. W. Redline

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  1. R. W. Redline
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  1. Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Pathology and Infectious Diseases Karolinska Institute Division of Pathology, F42 Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, S-141 86, Sweden

    Lars B. Olding M.D., Ph.D.

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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Redline, R.W. (1997). The Structural Basis of Maternal-Fetal Immune Interactions in the Human Placenta. In: Olding, L.B. (eds) Reproductive Immunology. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 222. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60614-4_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60614-4_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64475-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60614-4

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