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Clinical Aspects and Diagnosis of Thyroid Hormone Transport Protein Anomalies

  • Chapter
Thyroid Pathology

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Pathology ((CT PATHOLOGY,volume 91))

Abstract

The thyroid hormones T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (3, 5, 3′-triiodothyronine) circulate in the blood reversibly bound to proteins. The principal transport proteins are: T4-binding globulin (TBG), transthyretin (TTR), formerly called T4-binding prealbumin or TBPA, and albumin. These proteins differ widely in concentration and their affinity for the iodothyronines (Oppenheimer 1968; Robbins and Rall 1960; Robbins et al. 1986); collectively, they carry more than 99% of T3 and T4 in serum. Other thyroid hormone-binding proteins in serum are lipoproteins (Benvenga 1989; Benvenga et al. 1988,1989,1990), for example the 27 K protein, an apolipoprotein A-I, and the apolipoprotein B-100, which are both synthesized in the liver (Grimaldi et al. 1986; Bartalena et al. 1986a, b). Less important binding proteins are immunoglobulin M (Sviridov et al. 1991) and, in thyroid autoimmune disorders, thyroid hormone autoantibodies of the IgG class (Benvenga et al. 1987).

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Langsteger, W. (1997). Clinical Aspects and Diagnosis of Thyroid Hormone Transport Protein Anomalies. In: Schmid, K.W., Böcker, W. (eds) Thyroid Pathology. Current Topics in Pathology, vol 91. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60531-4_10

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