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Kehlkopf- und Trachealchirurgie bei Kindern

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Zusammenfassung

Die Chirurgie des Larynx’ und der Trachea im Kindesalter unterscheidet sich nicht nur aufgrund der kleineren Dimensionen von der des Erwachsenen, sodaß eine spezielle Darstellung aus verschiedenen Gründen sinnvoll ist: Erstens gibt es spezifische, nur im Kindesalter vorkommende Krankheitsbilder, wie z. B. die kongenitalen Fehlbildungen. Zweitens gilt es, Ausmaß und Zeitpunkt einer Operation im Hinblick auf ein noch unausgereiftes Organ abzuwägen, um keine bleibenden Schäden für Struktur und Funktion zu induzieren. Drittens reagiert der kindliche Larynx auf ein Trauma, z. B. die Intubation anders, als der eines Erwachsenen, sodaß die Ätiopathogenese des Intubationstraumas gesondert dargestellt werden muß. Dies weniger in der Hoffnung, Schäden vermeiden zu können, als vielmehr den stadienhaften Verlauf eines Intubationsschadens zu kennen, um bei auftretenden Schwierigkeiten nach Beendigung der beatmungspflichtigen Situation, die morphologischen Befunde richtig deuten und die adäquate Therapie einleiten zu können. Diese Darstellung ist schließlich insofern sinnvoll, als die spezifischen pädiatrischen Befunde von Larynx und Trachea — insbesondere jedoch deren Therapie — in unseren Lehr- und Handbüchern häufig nur kurz angerissen werden, und wichtige Probleme, wie z. B. die Therapie der kindlichen subglottischen Stenosen, bisher fehlen. Ich habe mich bei der Literaturauswahl vorwiegend auf die letzten 10 Jahre konzentriert, um einen möglichst aktuellen Stand der Dinge darstellen zu können. Die diesbezügliche Dominanz der angelsächsischen Länder erklärt sich aus der besonders in den USA bereits etablierten Spezialdisziplin unseres Faches, der Pädiatrischen Otorhinolaryngologie.

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Authors
  1. M. Vollrath
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum am St. Elisabeth-Hospital, Bleichstraße 15, 44787, Bochum, Deutschland

    Henning Hildmann

  2. Universitäts-Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland

    Ulrich Koch

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© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Vollrath, M. (1999). Kehlkopf- und Trachealchirurgie bei Kindern. In: Hildmann, H., Koch, U. (eds) Referate. Verhandlungsbericht 1999 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60176-7_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60176-7_6

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