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Recombinant Viruses as Vectors for Mucosal Immunity

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Defense of Mucosal Surfaces: Pathogenesis, Immunity and Vaccines

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 236))

Abstract

Vaccines represent one of the most effective ways to control the spread of infectious diseases. The design of new vaccines that are effective against complex infectious agents presents several formidable challenges. Viral, bacterial and parasitic agents, which cause diseases of the respiratory, intestinal, and genital tract, enter through and can sometimes infect mucosal surfaces. Thus, a vaccine designed to protect against infection would need to stimulate both systemic and mucosal immune responses. Development of new vaccines designed to stimulate both humoral and mucosal immunity faces several hurdles. To stimulate mucosal immunity, the antigens need to be delivered to immunoreactive sites, such as the small intestine, nasal tissue, genital tract or rectum, where discrete lymphoid follicles are found (McGhee et al. 1992; Mestecky 1988; Ogra et al. 1973). Antigen stimulation at these mucosal sites results in the generation of large numbers of plasma-cell precursors, which have the capacity to migrate to distinct mucosal sites. This results in the appearance of antibodies in the corresponding secretions (Mestecky et al. 1987). The delivery of antigens to mucosal sites must overcome many difficulties. For example, the low pH environment of the stomach, as well as the presence of proteolytic enzymes in the stomach and intestines, precludes the oral administration of many antigens (Mestecky 1988). In many instances, mucosal surfaces also have physical as well as biochemical barriers which make the administration of these vaccines difficult.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA

    C. D. Morrow, M. J. Novak, D. C. Ansardi, D. C. Porter & Z. Moldoveanu

Authors
  1. C. D. Morrow
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  2. M. J. Novak
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  3. D. C. Ansardi
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  4. D. C. Porter
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  5. Z. Moldoveanu
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, CH-1066, Epalinges, Switzerland

    Jean-Pierre Kraehenbuhl

  2. GI Cell Biology Laboratory, Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Marian R. Neutra

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© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Morrow, C.D., Novak, M.J., Ansardi, D.C., Porter, D.C., Moldoveanu, Z. (1999). Recombinant Viruses as Vectors for Mucosal Immunity. In: Kraehenbuhl, JP., Neutra, M.R. (eds) Defense of Mucosal Surfaces: Pathogenesis, Immunity and Vaccines. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 236. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59951-4_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59951-4_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64194-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59951-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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