Abstract
Since the last general overview on plant water relations in Prog Bot 56 (Losch 1995), another nearly 4000 publications on this topic have appeared. Only a small fraction of them can be mentioned in the following. The present report does not cover aspects of water relations of poikilohydric plants and of stomatal patchiness (Prog Bot 59: Hartung et al. 1997; Beyschlag and Eckstein 1997), habitat water relations, and aspects of water relations during germination and growth. A new textbook in German on plant-water relations gives a comprehensive overview of the whole topic (Losch 1998).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Agrama HAS, Moussa ME (1996) Mapping QTLs in breeding for drought tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.). Euphytica 91:89–97
Alder NN, Sperry JS, Pockman WT (1996) Root and stem xylem embolism, stomatal conductance, and leaf turgor in Acer grandidentatum populations along a soil moisture gradient. Oecologia 105:293–301
Alia P, Saradhi P, Mohanty P (1993) Proline in relation to free radical production in seedlings of Brassica juncea raised under sodium chloride stress. Plant Soil 155/156:497–500
Allakhverdiev SI, Feyziev YM, Ahmed A, Hayashi H, Aliev JA, Klimov W, Murata N, Carpentier R (1996) Stabilization of oxygen evolution and primary electron transport reactions in photosystem II against heat stress with glycinebetaine and sucrose. J Photochem Photobiol B 34:149–157
Allen GJ, Sanders D (1994) Two voltage-gated, calcium release channels coreside in the vacuolar membrane of broad bean guard cells. Plant Cell 6:685–694
Allen GJ, Sanders D (1995) Calcineurin, a type 2B protein phosphatase, modulates the Ca2+-permeable slow vacuolar ion channel of stomatal guard cells. Plant Cell 7:1473–1483
Allen GJ, Sanders D (1996) Control of ionic currents in guard cell vacuoles by cytosolic and luminal calcium. Plant J 10:1055–1069
Ameglio T, Cruiziat P, Beraud S (1995) Tension/pressure alternation in walnut xylem sap during winter: effect on hydraulic conductivity of twigs. CR Acad Sci [III] 318:351–357
Ammann C, Meixner FX, Busch J, Lösch R (1996) CO2 and H2O gas exchange of a triticale field. II. Micrometeorological flux studies and comparison with upscaling from porometry. Phys Chem Earth 21:151–155
Amodeo G, Escobar A, Zeiger E (1994) A cationic channel in the guard cell tonoplast of Allium cepa. Plant Physiol 105:999–1006
Andersen PC, Brodbeck BV, Mizell RF (1993) Diurnal variation of amino acids and organic acids in xylem fluid from Lagerstroemia indica: an endogenous circadian rhythm. Physiol Plant 89:783–790
Andersen PC, Brodbeck BV, Mizell RF (1995a) Water stress- and nutrient solutionmediated changes in water relations and amino acids, organic acids and sugars in xylem fluid of Prunus salicina and Lagerstroemia indica. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 120:36–42
Andersen PC, Brodbeck BV, Mizell RF (1995b) Diurnal variation in tension, osmolarity, and the composition of nitrogen and carbon assimilates in xylem fluid of Prunus persica, Vitis hybrid, and Pyrus communis. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 120:600–606
Anderson BE, Ward JM (1994) Evidence for an extracellular reception site for abscisic acid in Commelina guard cells. Plant Physiol 104:1177–1183
Anfodillo T, Sigalotti GB, Tomasi M, Semenzato P, Valentini R (1993) Applications of a thermal imaging technique in the study of the ascent of sap in woody species. Plant Cell Environ 16:997–1001
Aphalo PJ, Jarvis PG (1993) The boundary layer and the apparent responses of stomatal conductance to wind speed and to the mole fractions of CO2 and water vapour in the air. Plant Cell Environ 16:771–783
Armstrong J, Armstrong W, Armstrong IB, Pittaway GR (1996) Senescence, and phytotoxin, insects, fungal and mechanical damage: factors reducing convective gas-flows in Phragmites australis. Aquat Bot 54:211–226
Aschan G, Lösch R, Jiménez MS, Morales D (1997) Energiebilanz von Waldbeständen in nicht-idealem Gelände - Abschätzungen auf der Grundlage von standörtlicher Klimaerfassung und flankierenden Gaswechselmessungen am Beispiel eines Lorbeerwaldbestandes auf Teneriffa. EcoSys (Kiel) Suppl 20:145–160
Assmann SM, Gershenson A (1991) The kinetics of stomatal responses to VPD in Vicia faba: electrophysical and water relations models. Plant Cell Environ 14:455–466
Auge RM, Duan X, Ebel RC, Stodola AJW (1994) Nonhydraulic signalling of soil drying in mycorrhizal maize. Planta 193:74–82
Baas P, Wheeler EA (1996) Parallelism and reversibility in xylem evolution: a review. Int Assoc Wood Anat J 17:351–364
Bailie M, Romero-Aranda R, Bailie A (1996) Stomatal conductance of rose whole plants in greenhouse conditons: Analysis and modelling. J Hortic Sci 71:957–970
Barradas VL, Jones HG, Clark JA (1994) Stomatal responses to changing irradiance in Phaseolus vulgaris L. J Exp Bot 45:931–936
Barrett DJ, Hatton TJ, Ash JE, Ball MC (1995) Evaluation of the heat pulse velocity technique for measurement of sap flow in rainforest and eucalypt forest species of southeastern Australia. Plant Cell Environ 18:463–469
Bartels D, Furini A, Ingram J, Salamini F (1996) Responses of plants to dehydration stress: a molecular analysis. Plant Growth Regul 20:111–118
Basnayake J, Cooper M, Ludlow MM, Henzell RG, Snell PJ (1995) Inheritance of osmotic adjustment to water stress in three grain sorghum crosses. Theor Appl Genet 90:675–682
Basnayake J, Cooper M, Henzell RG, Ludlow MM (1996) Influence of rate of development of water deficit on the expression of maximum osmotic adjustment and desiccation tolerance in three grain sorghum lines. Field Crops Res 49:65–76
Bastide B, Sipes D, Hann J, Ting IP (1993) Effect of severe water stress on aspects of crassulacean acid metabolism in Xerosicyos. Plant Physiol 103:1089–1096
Bauer D, Biehler K, Fock H, Carrayol E, Hirel B, Migge A, Becker TW (1997) A role for cytosolic glutamine synthetase in the remobilization of leaf nitrogen during water stress in tomato. Physiol Plant 99:241–248
Beck E, Wagner BM (1994) Quantification of the daily cytokinin transport from the root to the shoot of Urtica dioica L. Bot Acta 107:342–348
Belhassen E, This D, Monneveux P (1995) Adaptation gdnetique a secheresse. Cah Agric 4:251–261
Berbigier P, Bonnefond JM, Loustau D, Ferreira MI, Davis JS, Pereira JS (1996) Transpiration of a 64-year-old maritime pine stand in Portugal. II. Evapotranspiration and canopy stomatal conductance measured by an eddy covariance technique. Oecologia 107:43–52
Bernsdorff C, Wolf A, Winter R, Gratton E (1997) Effect of hydrostatic pressure on water penetration and rotational dynamics in phospholipid-cholesterol bilayers. Biophys J 72:1264–1277
Beyschlag W, Eckstein J (1997) Stomatal patchiness. Prog Bot 59:283–298
Bishop K, Dambrine E (1995) Localization of tree water uptake in Scots pine and Norway spruce with hydrological tracers. Can J For Res 25:286–297
Blatt MR, Thiel G (1994) K+ channels of stomatal guard cells: bimodal control of the K+ inward-rectifier evoked by auxin. Plant J 5:55–68
Blom-Zandstra M, Pot CS, Maas FM, Schapendonk AHCM (1995) Effects of different light treatments on the nocturnal transpiration and dynamics of stomatal closure of two rose cultivars. Sci Hortic 61:252–262
Blum A (1996) Crop responses to drought and the interpretation of adaptation. Plant Growth Regul 20:135–148
Borchert R (1994) Electric resistance as a measure of tree water status during seasonal drought in a tropical dry forest in Costa Rica. Tree Physiol 14:299–312
Borghetti M, Leonardi S, Raschi A, Snyderman D, Tognetti R (1993) Ecotypic variation of xylem embolism, phenological traits, growth parameters and allozyme characteristics in Vagus sylvatica. Funct Ecol 7:713–720
Boyer JS (1993) Temperature and growth-induced water potential. Plant Cell Environ 16:1099–1106
Bret-Harte MS, Silk WK (1994) Nonvascular, symplasmic diffusion of sucrose cannot satisfy the carbon demands of growth in the primary root tip of Zea mays L. Plant Physiol 105:19–33
Brodribb T (1996) Dynamics of changing intercellular CO2 concentration (c.) during drought and determination of minimum functional c.. Plant Physiol 111:179–185
Bunce JA (1996) Does transpiration control stomatal responses to water vapour pressure deficit? Plant Cell Environ 20:131–135
Burdon RH (1993) Stress proteins in plants. Bot J Scotl 46:463–475
Busch J, Lösch R, Meixner FX, Ammann C (1996) CO2 and H2O2 gas exchange of a tricicale field. I. Leaf level porometry and upscaling to canopy level. Phys Chem Earth 21:143–149
Bussotti F, Bottacci A, Bartolesi A, Grossoni P, Tani C (1995) Morpho-anatomical alterations in leaves collected from beech trees Vagus sylvatica L. in conditions of natural water stress. Environ Exp Bot 35:201–213
Canny MJ (1995) A new theory for the ascent of sap-cohesion supported by tissue pressure. Ann Bot 75:343–357
Carvajal M, Cooke DT, Clarkson DT (1996) Plasma membrane fluidity and hydraulic conductance in wheat roots: interactions between root temperature and nitrate or phosphate deprivation. Plant Cell Environ 19:1110–1174
Castillo FJ (1996) Antioxidative protection in the inducible CAM plant Sedum album L. following the imposition of severe water stress and recovery. Oecologia 107:469–477
Castrillo M, Trujillo I (1994) Ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity and chlorophyll and protein contents in two cultivars of French bean plants under water stress and rewatering. Photosynthetica 30:175–181
Cerovic ZG, Goulas Y, Gorbunov M, Briantais J-M, Camenen L, Moya I (1996) Fluorosensing of water stress in plants: diurnal changes of the mean lifetime and yield of chlorophyll fluorescence, measured simultaneously and at a distance with a t - LID AR and a modified PAM-fluorimeter, in maize, sugar beet, and kalanchoe. Remote Sens Environ 58:311–321
Chandra S, Lindsey PA, Bassuk NL (1994) A gauge to measure the mass flow rate of water in trees. Plant Cell Environ 17:867–874
Chapman D (1994) The role of water in biomembrane structures. J Food Eng 22:367–380
Chazen O, Neumann PM (1994) Hydraulic signals from the roots and rapid cell-wall hardening in growing maize (Zea mays L.) leaves are primary responses to polyethylene glycol-induced water deficits. Plant Physiol 104:1385–1392
Chen XM, Begonia GB, Hesketh JD (1995) Soybean stomatal acclimation to long-term exposure to C02-enriched atmospheres. Photosynthetica 31:51–57
Cheng Y, Weng J, Joshi CP, Nguyen HT (1993) Dehydration stress-induced changes in translatable RNAs in sorghum. Crop Sci 33:1397–1400
Chimenti CA, Hall AJ (1994) Responses to water stress of apoplastic water fraction and bulk modulus of elasticity in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes of contrasting capacity for osmotic adjustment. Plant Soil 166:101–107
Cho H-T, Kende H (1997) Expansins in deep-water rice internodes. Plant Physiol 113:1137–1143
Cienciala E, Lindroth A (1995) Gas-exchange and sap flow measurements of Salix viminalis trees in short-rotation forest. I. Transpiration and sap flow. Trees 9:289–294
Close TJ (1996) Dehydrins: emergence of a biochemical role of a family of plant dehydration proteins. Physiol Plant 97:795–803
Cochard H, Ewers FW, Tyree MT (1994) Water relations of a tropical vine-like bamboo (Rhipidocladum racemiflorum): root pressures, vulnerability to cavitation and seasonal changes in embolism. J Exp Bot 45:1085–1089
Cochard H, Breda N, Granier A (1996) Whole tree hydraulic conductance and water loss regulation in Quercus during drought: evidence for stomatal control of embolism? Ann Sci For 53:197–206
Cochrane TT (1994) A new equation for calculating osmotic potential. Plant Cell Environ 17:427–433
Cohen Y, Li Y (1996) Validating sap flow measurement in field-grown sunflower and corn. J Exp Bot 47:1699–1707
Collier DE, Cummins WR (1993) Effect of osmotic stress on the respiratory properties of shoots and roots of Arnica alpina. Can J Bot 71:1102–1108
Collier DE, Cummins WR (1996) The rate of development of water deficits affects Saxifraga cernua leaf respiration. Physiol Plant 96:291–297
Comper WD (1994) The thermodynamic and hydrodynamic properties of macromolecules that influence the hydrodynamics of porous systems. J Theor Biol 168:421–427
Comstock J, Ehleringer J (1993) Stomatal response to humidity in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): implications for maximum transpiration rate, water-use efficiency and productivity. Aust J Plant Physiol 20:669–691
Conti S, Smirnoff N (1994) Rapid triggering of malate accumulation in the C3/CAM intermediate plant Sedum telephium: relationship with water status and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. J Exp Bot 45:1613–1621
Correia MJ, Pereira JS (1994) Abscisic aid in apoplastic sap can account for the restriction in leaf conductance of white lupins during moderate soil drying and after rewatering. Plant Cell Environ 17:845–852
Correia MJ, Pereira JS (1995) The control of leaf conductance of white lupin by xylem ABA concentration decreases with the severity of water deficits. J Exp Bot 46:101–110
Cotelle V, Forestier C, Vavasseur A (1996) A reassessment of the intervention of calmodulin in the regulation of stomatal movement. Physiol Plant 98:619–628
Cousson A, Cotelle V, Vavasseur A (1996) Induction of stomatal closure by vanadate or a light/dark transition involves Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein phosphorylation. Plant Physiol 109:491–497
Cui M, Nobel PS (1994) Water budgets and root hydraulic conductivity of opuntias shifted to low temperatures. Int J Plant Sci 155:167–172
Dambrine E, Martin F, Carisey N, Grainer A, Hallgren J-E, Bishop K (1995) Xylem sap composition: a tool for investigating mineral uptake and cycling in adult spruce. Plant Soil 168/169:233–241
Daniels MJ, Chaumont F, Mirkov TE, Chrispeels MJ (1996) Characterization of a new vacuolar membrane aquaporin sensitive to mercury at a unique site. Plant Cell 8:587–599
Darjania L, Curvetto N, Delmastro S (1994) Cytokinins can elicit cytosolic calcium concentration changes in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba: presumable linking with cAMP. Biocell 18:59–75
David TS, Ferreira MI, David JS, Pereira JS (1997) Transpiration from a mature Eucalyptus globulus plantation in Portugal during a spring-summer period of progressively higher water deficit. Oecologia 110:153–159
Dawson TE, Pate JS (1996) Seasonal water uptake and movement in root systems of Australian phreatophytic plants of dimorphic root morphology: a stable isotope investigation. Oecologia 107:13–20
DeKock M, Theron KI, Swart P, Weiler EW, Bellstedt DU (1994) Cytokinins in the xylem sap of the dioecious fynbos shrub, Leucadendron rubrum Burm. f.: Seasonal fluctuations and their possible interaction with morphological characteristics as expressed in the two sexes. New Phytol 127:749–759
DeSilva DLR, Mansfield TA (1994) The stomatal physiology of calcium delivered in the xylem sap. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 257:81–85
DeSilva DLR, Honour SJ, Mansfield TA (1996) Estimations of apoplastic concentrations of K+ and Ca2+ in the vicinity of stomatal guard cells. New Phytol 134:463–469
DelCordoba-Pedregosa C, Gonzalez-Reyes JA, DelSagrario Canadillas M, Navas P, Cordoba F (1996) Role of apoplastic and cell-wall peroxidases on the stimulation of root elongation by ascorbate. Plant Physiol 112:1119–1125
Dietrich P, Hedrich R (1994) Interconversion of fast and slow gating modes of GCAC1, a guard cell anion channel. Planta 195:301–304
Dolan L (1996) Pattern in the root epidermis: an interplay of diffusible signals and cellular geometry. Ann Bot 77:547–553
Dreesmann DC, Harn C, Daie J (1994) Expression of genes encoding Rubsico in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) plants subjected to gradual desiccation. Plant Cell Physiol 35:645–653
Dunleavy PJ, Ladley PD (1995) Stomatal responses of Vicia faba L. to indole acetic acid and abscisic acid. J Exp Bot 46:95–100
Dye PJ, Soko S, Poulter AG (1996) Evaluation of the heat pulse velocity method for measuring sap flow in Pinus patula. J Exp Bot 47:975–981
Ebel RC, Stodola AJW, Duan X, Auge RM (1994) Non-hydraulic root-to-shoot signalling in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal sorghum exposed to partial soil drying or root severing. New Phytol 127:495–505
Edelmann HG, Kohler K (1995) Auxin increases elastic wall-properties in rye coleoptiles: implications for the mechanism of wall loosening. Physiol Plant 93:85–92
Edelmann HG, Kutschera U (1993) Tissue pressure and cell-wall metabolism in auxinmediated growth of sunflower hypocotyls. J Plant Physiol 142:467–473
Edwards DR, Dixon MA (1995) Mechanisms of drought response in Thuja occidentalis L.I. Water stress conditioning and osmotic adjustment. Tree Physiol 15:121–127
Edwards WRN, Jarvis PG, Grace J, Moncrieff JB (1994) Reversing cavitation in tracheids of Pinus sylvestris L. under negative water potentials. Plant Cell Environ 17:389–397
Edwards WRN, Becker P, Cermak J (1997) A unified nomenclature for sap flow measurements. Tree Physiol 17:65–67
Eller BM, Ferrari S (1997) Water use efficiency of two succulents with contrasting CO2 fixation pathways. Plant Cell Environ 20:93–100
Else MA, Davies WJ, Whitford PN, Hall KC, Jackson MB (1994) Concentrations of abscisic acid and other solutes in xylem sap from root systems of tomato and castor-oil plants are distorted by wounding and variable sap flow rates. J Exp Bot 45:317–323
Elstner EF, Osswald W (1993) Mechanisms of oxygen activation during plant stress. Proc R Soc Edinb [B] 102:131–154
Engels C, Marschner H (1993) Influence of the form of nitrogen supply on root uptake and translocation of cations in the xylem exudate of maize (Zea mays L.). J Exp Bot 44:1695–1701
Fan S, Blake TJ, Blumwald E (1994) The relative contribution of elastic and osmotic adjustment to turgor maintenance of woody species. Physiol Plant 90:408–413
Farrington P, Turner JV, Gailitis V (1996) Tracing water uptake by jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) trees using natural abundances of deuterium. Trees 11:9–15
Ferris R, Taylor G (1994) Increased root growth in elevated CO2: a biophysical analysis of root cell elongation. J Exp Bot 45:1603–1612
Finch-Savage WE, Pramanik SK, Bewley JD (1994) The expression of dehydrin proteins in desiccation-sensitive (recalcitrant) seeds of temperate trees. Planta 193:478–485
Franks PJ, Cowan IR, Farquhar GD (1997) The apparent feedforward response of stomata to air vapour pressure deficit: Information revealed by different experimental procedures with two rainforest trees. Plant Cell Environ 20:142–145
Fredericksen TS, Hedden RL, Williams SA (1994) Effect of stem bending on hydraulic conductivity and wood strength of loblolly pine. Can J For Res 24:442–446
Fricke W (1997) Cell turgor, osmotic pressure and water potential in the upper epidermis of barley leaves in relation to cell location and in response to NaCl and air humidity. J Exp Bot 48:45–58
Fricke W, Leigh RA, Tomos AD (1994) Epidermal solute concentrations and osmolality in barley leaves studied at the single-cell level: changes along the leaf blade, during leaf ageing and NaCl stress. Planta 192:317–323
Fricke W, Hinde PS, Leigh RA, Tomos AD (1995) Vacuolar solutes in the upper epidermis of barley leaves: intercellular differences follow patterns. Planta 196:40–49
Fuchs EE, Livingston NJ (1996) Hydraulic control of stomatal conductance in Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] and alder [Alnus rubra (Bong)] seedlings. Plant Cell Environ 19:1091–1098
Gallardo M, Eastham J, Gregory PJ, Turner NC (1996) A comparison of plant hydraulic conductances in wheat and lupins. J Exp Bot 47:233–239
Gallego HA, Rico M, Moreno G, Santa Regina I (1994) Leaf water potential and stomatal conductance in Quercus pyrenaica Willd. forests: vertical gradients and response to environmental factors. Tree Physiol 14:1039–1047
Gibon Y, Bessieres MA, Larher F (1997) Is glycine betaine a non-compatible solute in higher plants that do not accumulate it? Plant Cell Environ 20:329–340
Giraudat J, Parcy F, Bertauche N, Gosti F, Leung J, Morris P-C, Bouvier-Durand M, Vartanian N (1994) Current advances in abscisic acid action and signalling. Plant Mol Biol 26:1557–1577
Gleeson JT, Erramilli S, Gruner SM (1994) Freezing and melting water in lamellar structures. Biophys J 67:706–712
Goh C-H, Kinoshita T, Oku T, Shimazaki K-I (1996) Inhibition of blue light-dependent H+ pumping by abscisic acid in Vicia guard cell protoplasts. Plant Physiol 111:433–440
Grabov A, Blatt MR (1997) Parallel control of the inward-rectifier K+ channel by cytosolic free Ca2+ and pH in Vicia guard cells. Planta 201:84–95
Granier A, Breda N (1996) Modelling canopy conductance and stand transpiration of an oak forest from sap flow measurements. Ann Sci For 53:537–546
Granier A, Anfodillo T, Sabatti M, Chochard H, Dreyer E, Tomasi M, Valentini R, Breda N (1994) Axial and radial water flow in the trunks of oak trees: a quantitative and qualitative analysis. Tree Physiol 14:1383–1396
Griffiths A, Bray EA (1996) Shoot induction of ABA-requiring genes in response to soil drying. J Exp Bot 47:1525–1531
Griffiths A, Parry AD, Jones HG, Tomos AD (1996) Abscisic acid and tugor pressure regulation in tomato roots. J Plant Physiol 149:372–376
Grose MJ, Gilligan CA, Spencer D, Goddard BVD (1996) Spatial heterogeneity of soil water around single roots: use of CT-scanning to predict fungal growth in the rhizosphere. New Phytol 133:261–272
Gucci R, Massai R, Xiloyannis C, Flore JA (1996) The effect of drought and vapour pressure deficit on gas exchange of young kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa var. deliciosa) vines. Ann Bot 77:605–613
Guei RG, Wassom CE (1993) Genetics of osmotic adjustment in breeding maize for drought tolerance. Heredity 71:436–441
Guerere I, Tezara W, Herrera C, Fernandez MD, Herrera A (1996) Recycling of C02 during induction of CAM by drought in Talinum paniculatum (Portulacaceae). Physiol Plant 98:471–476
Gunasekera D, Berkowitz GA (1993) Use of transgenic plants with ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase antisense DNA to evaluate the rate limitation of photosynthesis underwater stress. Plant Physiol 103:629–635
Gutierrez MV, Harrington RA, Meinzer FC, Fownes JH (1994a) The effect of environmentally induced stem temperature gradients on transpiration estimates from the heat balance method in two tropical woody species. Tree Physiol 14:179–190
Gutierrez MV, Meinzer FC, Grantz DA (1994b) Regulation of transpiration in coffee hedgerows: covariation of environmental variables and apparent responses of stomata to wind and humidity. Plant Cell Environ 17:1305–1313
Hacke U, Sauter JJ (1996a) Drought-induced xylem dysfunction in petioles, branches, and roots of Populus balsamifera L. and Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. Plant Physiol 111:413–417
Hacke U, Sauter JJ (1996b) Xylem dysfunction during winter and recovery of hydraulic conductivity in diffuse-porous and ring-porous trees. Oecologia 105:435–439
Haines TH (1994) Water transport across biological membranes. FEBS Lett 346:115–122
Hallgren SW, Ruedinger M, Steudle E (1994) Root hydraulic properties of spruce measured with the pressure probe. Plant Soil 167:91–98
Han BD, Kermode AR (1996) Dehydrin-like proteins in castor bean seeds and seedlings are differentially produced in response to ABA and water-deficit-related stresses. J Exp Bot 47:933–939
Han BD, Hughes W, Galau GA, Bewley JD, Kermode AR (1997) Changes in lateembryogenesis- abundant (LEA) messenger RNAs and dehydrins during maturation and premature drying of Ricinus communis L. seeds. Planta 201:27–35
Hao L-M, Wang H-L, Wen J-Q, Liang H-G (1996) Effects of water stress on lightharvesting complex II (LHCII) and expression of a gene encoding LHCII in Zea mays: J Plant Physiol 149:30–34
Hargrave KR, Kolb KJ, Ewers FW, Davis SD (1994) Conduit diameter and droughtinduced embolism in Salvia mellifera Greene (Labiatae). New Phytol 126:695–705
Hartung W, Schiller P, Dietz K-J (1997) Physiology of poikilohydric plants. Prog Bot 59:299–327
Hatton TJ, Moore SJ, Reece PH (1995) Estimating stand transpiration in a Eucalyptus populnea woodland with the heat pulse method: measurement errors and sampling strategies. Tree Physiol 15:219–227
Hedrich R, Dietrich P (1996) Plant K+ channels: similarity and diversity. Bot Acta 109:94–101
Hedrich R, Marten I, Lohse G, Dietrich P, Winter H, Lohaus G, Heldt H-W (1994) Malatesensitive anion channels enable guard cells to sense changes in the ambient C02 concentration. Plant J 6:741–748
Henzler T, Steudle E (1995) Reversible closing of water channels in Char a internodes provides evidence for a composite transport model of the plasma membrane. J Exp Bot 46:199–209
Herbst M, Kappen L, Thamm F, Vanselow R (1996) Simultaneous measurements of transpiration, soil evaporation and total evaporation in a maize field in northern Germany. J Exp Bot 47:1957–1962
Herppich WB (1997) Stomatal responses to changes in air humidity are not necessarily linked to nocturnal C02 uptake in the CAM plant Plectranthus marrubioid. es Benth. (Lamiaceae). Plant Cell Environ 20:393–399
Herzog KM, Thum R, Zweifel R, Hasler R (1997) Heat balance measurements: to quantify sap flow in thin stems only? Agric For Meteorol 83:75–94
Higgs KH, Wood V (1995) Drought susceptibility and xylem dysfunction in seedlings of four European oak species. Ann Sci For 52:507–513
Hirasawa T, Wakabayashi K, Touya S, Ishihara K (1995) Stomatal responses to water deficits and abscisic acid in leaves of sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L.) grown under different conditions. Plant Cell Physiol 36:955–964
Hoekstra FA, Wolkers WF, Buitink J, Goloyina EA, Crowe JH, Crouwe LM (1997) Membrane stabilization in the dry state. Comp Biochem Physiol [A] 117:335–341
Hohl M, Schopfer P (1995) Rheological analysis of viscoelastic cell wall changes in maize coleoptiles as affected by auxin and osmotic stress. Physiol Plant 94:499–505
Holbrook NM, Burns MJ, Field CB (1995) Negative xylem pressures in plants: a test of the balancing pressure technique. Science 270:1193–1194
Hook PB, Lauenroth WK (1994) Root system response of a perennial bunchgrass to neighbourhood-scale soil water heterogeneity. Funct Ecol 8:738–745
Hoth S, Dreyer I, Dietrich P, Becker D, Mueller-Roeber B, Hedrich R (1997) Molecular basis of plant specific acid activation of K+ uptake channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:4806–4810
Huang B, Nobel PS (1994) Root hydraulic conductivity and its components with emphasis on desert succulents. Agron J 86:767–774
Huang B, North GB, Nobel PS (1993) Soil sheaths, photosynthate distribution to roots, and rhizosphere water relations for Opuntia ficus-indica. Int J Plant Sci 154:425–431
Ikeda T (1996) Xylem dysfunction in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus-infected Pinus thunbergii in relation to xylem cavitation and water status. Ann Phytopathol Soc Jpn 62:554–558
Ilan N, Schwartz A, Moran N (1994) External pH effects on the depolarization-activated K channels in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba. J Gen Physiol 103:807–831
Ilan N, Schwartz A, Moran N (1996) External protons enhance the activity of the hyperpolarization- activated K channels in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba. J Membr Biol 154:169–181
Jackson GE, Grace J (1996) Field measurements of xylem cavitation: are acoustic emissions useful? J Exp Bot 47:1643–1650
Jackson GE, Irvine J, Grace J, Khalil AAM (1995) Abscisic acid concentration and fluxes in droughted conifer saplings. Plant Cell Environ 18:13–22
Jamai A, Rommasini R, Martinoia E, Delrot S (1996) Characterization of glutathione uptake in broad bean leaf protoplasts. Plant Physiol 111:1145–1152
Jarbeau JA, Ewers FW, Davis SD (1995) The mechanism of water-stress-induced embolism in two species of chaparral shrubs. Plant Cell Environ 18:189–196
Jendrasiak G (1996) The hydration of phospholipids and its biological significance. J Nutr Biochem 7:598–609
Jensen AB, Busk PK, Figueras M, Alba MM, Peracchia G, Messeguer R, Goday A, Pages M (1996) Drought signal transduction in plants. Plant Growth Regul 20:105–110
Jensen CR, Mogensen VO, Mortensen G, Andersen MN, Schjoerring JK, Thage JH, Koribidis J (1996) Leaf photosynthesis and drought adaptation in field-grown oilseed rape. Aust J Plant Physiol 23:631–644
Jia W, Zhang J (1997) Comparison of exportation and metabolism of xylem-delivered ABA in maize leaves at different water status and xylem sap pH. Plant Growth Regul 21:43–49
Jia W, Zhang J, Zhang D-P (1996) Metabolism of xylem-delivered ABA in relation to ABA flux and concentration in leaves of maize and Commelina communis. J Exp Bot 47:1085–1091
Jiménez MS, Cermak J, Kucera J, Morales D (1996) Laurel forests in Tenerife, Canary Islands: the annual course of sap flow in Laurus trees and stand. J Hydrol 183:307–321
Johansson I, Larsson C, Ek B, Kjellbom P (1996) The major integral proteins of spinach leaf plasma membranes are putative aquaporins and are phosphorylated in response to Ca2+ and apoplastic water potential. Plant Cell 8:1181–1191
Jokhan AD, Else MA, Jackson MB (1996) Delivery rates of abscisic acid in xylem sap of Ricinus communis L. plants subjected to part-drying of the soil. J Exp Bot 47:1595–1599
Jonak C, Kiegerl S, Ligterink W, Barker PJ, Huskisson NS, Hirt H (1996) Stress signalling in plants: a mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway is activated by cold and drought. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:11274–11279
Kage H, Ehlers W (1996) Does transport of water to roots limit water uptake of field crops? Z Pflanzenernahr Bodenkd 159:583–590
Kameli A, Losel DM (1994) Contribution of carbohydrates and other solutes to osmotic adjustment in wheat leaves under water stress. J Plant Physiol 145:363–366
Katterer T, Fabiao A, Madeira M, Ribeiro C, Steen E (1995) Fine-root dynamics, soil moisture and soil carbon content in a Eucalyptus globulus plantation under different irrigation and fertilisation regimes. For Ecol Manage 74:1–12
Kelly WB, Esser JE, Schroeder JI (1995) Effects of cytosolic calcium and limited, possible dual, effects of G protein modulators on guard cell inward potassium channels. Plant J 8:479–489
Kenis JD, Rouby MB, Edelman MO, Silvente ST (1994) Inhibition of nitrate reductase by water stress and oxygen in detached oat leaves: a possible mechanism of action. J Plant Physiol 144:735–739
Kerstiens G (1997) In vivo manipulation of cuticular water permeance and its effect on stomatal response to air humidity. New Phytol 137:473–480
Kieliszewski MJ, Lamport DTA (1994) Extensin: repetitive motifs, functional sites, posttranslational codes, and phylogeny. Plant J 5:157–172
Koch GW, Amthor JS, Goulden ML (1994) Diurnal patterns of leaf photosynthesis, conductance and water potential at the top of a lowland rain forest canopy in Cameroon: measurements from the Radeau des Chimes. Tree Physiol 14:347–360
Koch MS, Rawlik PS (1993) Transpiration and stomatal conductance of two wetland macrophytes (Cladium jamaicense and Typha domingensis) in the subtropical Everglades. Am J Bot 80:1146–1154
Koeckenberger W, Pope JM, Xia Y, Jeffrey KR, Komor E, Callaghan PT (1997) A noninvasive measurement of phloem and xylem water flow in castor bean seedlings by nuclear magnetic resonance microimaging. Planta 201:53–63
Köhl KI (1996) Population-specific traits and their implication for the evolution of a drought-adapted ecotype in Armeria maritima. Bot Acta 109:206–215
Köhl KI (1997a) The effect of NaCl on growth, dry matter allocation and ion uptake in salt marsh and inland populations of Armeria maritima. New Phytol 135:213–225
Köhl KI (1997b) NaCl homoeostasis as a factor for the survival of the evergreen halophyte Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. under salt stress in winter. Plant Cell Environ 20:1253–1263
Kolb KJ, Davis SD (1994) Drought tolerance and xylem embolism in co-occurring species of coastal sage and chaparral. Ecology 75:648–659
Kolb KJ, Sperry JS, Lamont BB (1996) A method for measuring xylem hydraulic conductance and embolism in entire root and shoot systems. J Exp Bot 47:1805–1810
Koster KL, Webb MS, Bryant G, Lynch DV (1994) Interactions between soluble sugars and POPC (l-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine) during dehydration: vitrifica tion of sugars alters the phase behavior of the phospholipid. Biochim Biophys Acta 1193:143–150
Köstner B, Biron P, Siegwolf R, Granier A (1996) Estimates of water flux and canopy conductance of Scots pine at the tree level utilizing different xylem sap flow methods. Theor Appl Climatol 53:105–113
Kowalik P, Borghetti M, Borselli L, Magnani F, Sanesi G, Tognetti R (1997) Diurnal water relations of beech (Vagus sylvatica L.) trees in the mountains of Italy. Agric For Meteorol 84:11–23
Kozlov MM, Leikin S, Rand RP (1994) Bending, hydration and interstitial energies quantitatively account for the hexagonal-lamellar-hexagonal reentrant phase transition in dioleoylphosphatidyle thanolamine. Biophys J 67:1603–1611
Kutschera U (1994) Tansley Review no 66. The current status of the acid-growth hypothesis. New Phytol 126:549–569
Kutschera U (1995) Tissue pressure and cell turgor in axial plant organs: implications for the organismal theory of multicellularity. J Plant Physiol 146:126–132
Kutschera U (1996) Cessation of cell elongation in rye coleoptiles is accompanied by a loss of cell-wall plasticity. J Exp Bot 45:591–595
Kutschera U, Köhler K (1994) Cell elongation, turgor and osmotic pressure in developing sunflower hypocotyls. J Exp Bot 45:591–595
Lal A, Edwards GE (1996) Analysis of inhibition of photosynthesis under water stress in the C4 species Amaranthus cruentus and Zea mays: electron transport, CO2 fixation and carboxylation capacity. Aust J Plant Physiol 23:403–412
Langan SJ, Ewers FW, Davis SD (1997) Xylem dysfunction caused by water stress and freezing in two species of co-occurring chaparral shrubs. Plant Cell Environ 20:425–437
Larson DW, Doubt J, Matthes-Sears U (1994) Radially sectored hydraulic pathways in the xylem of Thuja occidentalis as revealed by the use of dyes. Int J Plant Sci 155:569–582
Lebreton C, Lazic-Jancic V, Steed A, Peekic S, Quarrie SA (1995) Identification of QTL for drought responses in maize and their use in testing causal relationships between traits. J Exp Bot 46:853–865
Lee J, Yi H, Lee S, Lee Y (1994) Involvement of G-protein in signal transduction process of abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure. J Plant Biol 37:429–434
Lee KS, Kim J-H (1994) Changes in crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) of Sedum plants with special reference to soil moisture conditions. J Plant Biol 37:9–15
Lee Y, Choi YB, Suh S, Lee J, Assmann SM, Joe CO, Kelleher JF, Crain RC (1996) Abscisic acid-induced phosphoinositide turnover in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba. Plant Physiol 110:987–996
Lemtiri-Chlieh F (1996) Effects of internal K+ and ABA on the voltage- and timedependence of the outward K+-rectifier in Vicia guard cells. J Membr Biol 153:105–116
Lemtiri-Chlieh F, MacRobbie EAC (1994) Role of calcium in the modulation of Vicia guard cell potassium channels by abscisic acid: a patch-clamp study. J Membr Biol 137:99–107
Leone A, Costa A, Grillo S, Tucci M, Horvath I, Vigh L (1996) Acclimation to low water potential determines changes in membrane fatty acid composition and fluidity in potato cells. Plant Cell Environ 19:1103–1109
Leprince O, Hendry GAF, Atherton NM (1994) Free radical processes induced by desiccation in germinating maize: the relationship with respiration and loss of desiccation tolerance. Proc R Soc Edinb [B] 102:211–218
Li J, Assmann SM (1996) An abscisic acid-activated and calcium-independent protein kinase from guard cells of fava bean. Plant Cell 8:2359–2368
Liang J, Zhang J, Wong MH (1997) How do roots control xylem sap ABA concentration in response to soil drying? Plant Cell Physiol 38:10–16
Lindroth A, Cermak J, Kucera J, Cienciala E, Eckersten H (1995) Sap flow by the heat balance method applied to small size Salix trees in a short-rotation forest. Biomass Bioenergy 8:7–15
Lipiec J, Ishioka T, Hatano R, Sakuma T (1993) Effects of soil structural discontinuity on root and shoot growth and water use of maize. Plant Soil 157:65–74
LoGullo MA, Salleo S, Piaceri EC, Rosso R (1995) Relations between vulnerability to xylem embolism and xylem conduit dimensions in young trees of Quercus cerris. Plant Cell Environ 18:661–669
Lopez F, Vansuyt G, Fourcroy P, Casse-Delbart F (1994) Accumulation of a 22-kDa protein and its mRNA in the leaves of Raphanus sativus in response to salt stress or water deficit. Physiol Plant 91:605–614
Lösch R (1995) Plant water relations. Prog Bot 56:56–96
Lösch R (1998) Wasserhaushalt der Pflanzen. Quelle und Meyer, Wiesbaden
Loustau D, Berbigier P, Roumagnac P, Arruda-Pacheco C, David JS, Ferreira MI, Pereira JS, Tavares R (1996) Transpiration of a 64-year-old maritime pine stand in Portugal. I. Seasonal course of water flux through maritime pine. Oecologia 107:33–42
Lüttge U (1993) The role of Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in the adaptation of plants to salinity. New Phytol 125:59–71
MacFall JS, Johnson GA (1994) The architecture of plant vasculature and transport as seen with magnetic resonance microscopy. Can J Bot 72:1561–1573
Machado J-L, Tyree MT (1994) Patterns of hydraulic architecture and water relations of two tropical canopy trees with contrasting leaf phenologies: Ochroma pyramidale and Pseudobombax septenatum. Tree Physiol 14:219–240
MacRobbie EAC (1995) ABA-induced ion efflux in stomatal guard cells: multiple actions of ABA inside and outside the cell. Plant J 7:565–576
Magnani F, Borghetti M (1995) Interpretation of seasonal changes of xylem embolism and plant hydraulic resistance in Vagus sylvatica. Plant Cell Environ 18:689–696
Magnani F, Centritto M, Grace J (1996) Measurement of apoplasmic and cell-to-cell components of root hydraulic conductance by a pressure-clamp technique. Planta 199:296–306
Makela P, Peltonen-Sainio P, Jokinen K, Peehu E, Setala H, Hinkhanen R, Somersalo S (1996) Uptake and translocation of foliar-applied glycinebetaine in crop plants. Plant Sci 121:221–230
Mansfield TA, DeSilva DLR (1994) Sensory systems in the roots of plants and their role in controlling stomatal function in the leaves. Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR 26:89–99
Mapfumo E, Aspinall D, Hancock T, Sedgley M (1993) Xylem development in relation to water uptake by roots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) New Phytol 125:93–99
Marur CJ, Mazzafera P, Magalhaes AC (1996) Carbon assimilation and export in leaves of cotton plants under water deficit. Rev Bras Fisiol Veg 8:181–186
Maruyama S, Boyer JS (1994) Auxin action on growth in intact plants: threshold turgor is regulated. Planta 193:44–50
Matzner SL, Richards JH (1996) Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) roots maintain nutrient uptake capacity under water stress. J Exp Bot 47:1045–1056
Mawson BT (1994) Cyanide-resistant, alternative pathway respiration in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba. Can J Bot 72:150–156
Mawson BT, Zaugg MZ (1994) Modulation of light-dependent stomatal opening in isolated epidermis following induction of crassulacean acid metabolism in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. J Plant Physiol 144:740–746
McAinsh MR, Clayton H, Mansfield TA, Hetherington AM (1996) Changes in stomatal behavior and guard cell cytosolic free calcium in response to oxidative stress. Plant Physiol 111:1031–1042
McCann MC, Roberts K (1994) Changes in cell wall architecture during cell elongation. J Exp Bot 45:1683–1691
McCully ME (1994) Accumulation of high levels of potassium in the developing xylem elements in roots of soybean and some other dicotyledons. Protoplasma 183:116–125
McCully ME, Boyer JS (1997) The expansion of maize root-cap mucilage during hydration. III. Changes in water potential and water content. Physiol Plant 99:169–177
McCully ME, Sealey LJ (1996) The expansion of maize root-cap mucilage during hydration. II. Observations on soil-grown roots by cryo-scanning electron microscopy. Physiol Plant 97:454–462
Mcqueen-Mason SJ, Cosgrove DJ (1994) Disruption of hydrogen bonding between plant cell wall polymers by proteins that induce wall extension. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:6574–6578
Mcqueen-Mason SJ, Cosgrove DJ (1995) Expansin mode of action on cell walls: analysis of wall hydrolysis, stress relaxation, and binding. Plant Physiol 107:87–100
Meidner H, Edwards M (1996) Osmotic and turgor pressures of guard cells. Plant Cell Environ 19:503
Meinzer FC, Fownes JH, Harrington RA (1996) Growth indices and stomatal control of transpiration in Acacia koa stands planted at different densities. Tree Physiol 16:607–615
Mencuccini M, Grace J (1996) Developmental patterns of above-ground hydraulic conductance in a Scots pine (Pinus slyvestris L.) age sequence. Plant Cell Environ 19:939–948
Methy M, Damesin C, Rambal S (1996) Drought and photosystem II activity in two Mediterranean oaks. Ann Sci For 53:255–262
Mia MAR, Bailey MA, Ashley DA, Wells R, Carter TE Jr, Parrott WA, Boerma HR (1996) Molecular markers associated with water use efficiency and leaf ash in soybean. Crop Sci 36:1252–1257
Michel BE, Radcliffe D (1995) A computer program relating solute potential to solute composition for five solutes. Agron J 87:126–130
Miedema H, Assmann SM (1996) A membrane-delimited effect of internal pH on the K+ outward rectifier of Vicia faba guard cells. J Membr Biol 154:227–237
Milburn JA (1996) Sap ascent in vascular plants: challengers to the cohesion theory ignore the significance of immature xylem and the recycling of Munch water. Ann Bot 78:399–407
Mizuno A, Katou K (1996) Regulation of plant elongation growth by surface and xylem proton pumps. J Plant Res 109:85–91
Monneveux P, Belhassen E (1996) The diversity of drought adaptation in the wide. Plant Growth Regul 20:85–92
Monteith JL (1995) A reinterpretation of stomatal responses to humidity. Plant Cell Environ 18:357–364
Mordelet P, Barot S, Abbadie L (1996) Root foraging strategies and soil patchiness in a humid savanna. Plant Soil 182:171–176
Mori IC, Muto S (1997) Abscisic acid activates a 48-kilodalton protein kinase in guard cell protoplasts. Plant Physiol 113:833–839
Motosugi H, Nishijima T, Hiehata N, Koshioka M, Sugiura A (1996) Endogenous gibberellins in the xylem exudate from apple trees. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 60:1500–1502
Mulholland BJ, Black CR, Taylor IB, Roberts JA, Lenton JR (1996a) Effect of soil compaction on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) growth. I. Possible role for ABA as a rootsourced chemical signal. J Exp Bot 47:539–549
Mulholland BJ, Taylor IB, Black CR, Roberts JA (1996b) Effect of soil compaction on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) growth. II. Are increased xylem sap ABA concentration involved in maintaining leaf expansion in compacted soils? J Exp Bot 47:551–556
Munns R, Sharp RE (1993) Involvement of abscisic acid in controlling plant growth in soils of low water potential. Aust J Plant Physiol 20:425–437
Munns R, Passioura JB, Milborrow BV, James RA, Close TJ (1993) Stored xylem sap from wheat and barley in drying soil contains a transpiration inhibitor with a large molecular size. Plant Cell Environ 16:867–872
Myers BA (1995) The influence of the lignotuber on hydraulic conductance and leaf conductance in Eucalyptus behriana seedlings. Aust J Plant Physiol 22:857–863
Nakamoto T (1995) Gravitropic reaction of primary seminal roots of Zea mays L. influenced by temperature and soil water potential. J Plant Res 108:71–75
Navari-Izzo F, Meneguzzo S, Loggini B, Vazzana C, Sgherri CLM (1997) The role of the gluathione system during dehydration of Boea hygroscopica. Physiol Plant 99:23–30
Nejidat A (1995) Possible involvement of calmodulin in the regulation of ATPase activity in guard cells. Physiol Plant 94:411–414
Neumann PM (1995) The role of cell wall adjustment in plant resistance to water deficits. Crop Sci 35:1258–1266
Niu DK, Wang M, Wang YF (1997) Plant cellular osmotica. Acta Biotheor (Leiden) 45:161–169
North GB, Nobel PS (1994) Changes in root hydraulic conductivity for two tropical epiphytic cacti as soil moisture variees. Am J Bot 81:46–53
North GB, Nobel PS (1996) Radial hydraulic conductivity of individual root tissues of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Ann Bot 77:133–142
North GB, Nobel PS (1997) Root-soil contact for the desert succulent Agave deserti in wet and drying soil. New Phytol 135:21–29
Oertli JJ (1993) The ascent of sap in trees. Vierteljahresschr Naturforsch Ges Zürich 138:169–190
Ohtake N, Nishiwaki T, Mizukoshi K, Minagawa R, Takahashi Y, Chinushi T, Ohyama T (1995) Amino acid composition in xylem sap of soybean related to the evaluation of N2 fixation by the relative ureide method. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 41:95–102
Oliver AE, Crowe LM, DeAraujo PS, Fisk E, Crowe JH (1996) Arbutin inhibits PLA2 in partially hydrated model systems. Biochim Biophys Acta 1302:69–78
Olsson M, Nilsson K, Liljenberg C, Hendry GAF (1996) Drought stress in seedlings: lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation during recovery from drought in Lotus corniculatus and Cerastium fontanum. Physiol Plant 96:577–584
Onwona-Agyeman S, Morioka N, Kondo M, Kitagawa K (1995) Seasonal changes in the modulus of elasticity of living branches of three coniferous species. Ecol Res 10:199–206
Oparka KJ (1994) Plasmolysis: new insights into an old process. New Phytol 126:571–591
Osborne DJ, Boubriak II (1994) DNA and desiccation tolerance. Seed Sci Res 4:175–185
Owens MK (1996) The role of leaf and canopy-level gas exchange in the replacement of Quercus virginiana (Fagaceae) by Juniperus ashei (Cupressaceae) in semiarid savannas. Am J Bot 83:617–623
Papageorgiou GC, Murata N (1995) The unusually strong stabilizing effects of glycine betaine on the structure and function of the oxygen-evolving Photosystem II complex. Photosynth Res 44:243–252
Parvathi K, Raghavendra AS (1995) Bioenergetic processes in guard cells related to stomatal function. Physiol Plant 93:146–154
Passioura JB (1994) The physical chemistry of the primary cell wall: implications for the control of expansion rate. J Exp Bot 45:1675–1682
Pate JS, Jeschke WD, Alyward MJ (1995) Hydraulic architecture and xylem structure of the dimorphic root system of Southwest Australian species of Proteaceae. J Exp Bot 46:907–915
Patino S, Tyree MT, Herre EA (1995) Comparison of hydraulic architecture of woody plants of differing phylogeny and growth form with special reference to free-standing and hemi-epiphytic Ficus species from Panama. New Phytol 129:125–135
Pedersen O (1993) Long-distance water transport in aquatic plants. Plant Physiol 103:1369–1375
Pedersen O (1994) Acropetal water transport in submerged plants. Bot Acta 107:61–65
Pedersen O, Sand-Jensen K (1997) Transpiration does not control growth and nutrient supply in the amphibious plant Mentha aquatica. Plant Cell Environ 20:117–123
Pelah D, Shoseyov O, Altman A (1995) Characterization of BspA, a major boiling-stable, water-stress-responsive protein in aspen (Populus tremula). Tree Physiol 15:673–678
Pelah D, Wang W, Altman A, Shoseyov O, Bartels D (1997) Differential accumulation of water stress-related proteins, sucrose synthase and soluble sugars in Populus species that differ in their water stress response. Physiol Plant 99:153–159
Peltier J-P, Marigo G (1996) Adjustment processes in ash and water stress situation. CR Acad Sci [III] 319:425–429
Peltier J-P, Agasse F, DeBock F, Marigo G (1994) Osmotic adjustment in ash and water stress situation. CR Acad Sci [III] 317:679–684
Peng Z-Y, Weyers JDB (1994) Stomatal sensitivity to abscisic acid following water deficit stress. J Exp Bot 45:835–845
Peressotti A, Ham JM (1996) A dual-heater gauge for measuring sap flow with an improved heat-balance method. Agron J 88:149–155
Peters RL, Farquhar ML (1996) Roots hairs: specialized tubular cells extending root surfaces. Bot Rev 62:1–40
Peters WS, Tomos AD (1996) The history of tissue tension. Ann Bot 77:657–665
Peterson CA, Enstone DE (1996) Functions of passage cells in the endodermis and exodermis of roots. Physiol Plant 97:592–598
Peterson CA, Waite JL (1996) The effect of suberin lamellae on the vitality and symplasmic permeability of the onion root exodermis. Can J Bot 74:1220–1226
Phillips N, Oren N, Zimmermann R (1996) Radial patterns of xylem sap flow in non-, diffuse- and ring-porous tree species. Plant Cell Environ 19:983–990
Pitacco A, Gallinaro N (1996) Micrometeorological assessment of sensitivity of canopy resistance to vapour pressure deficit in a Mediterranean oak forest. Ann Sci For 53:513–520
Pitman JI (1996) Ecophysiology of tropical dry evergreen forest, Thailand: measured and modelled stomatal conductance of Hopeaferrea, a dominant canopy emergent. J Appl Ecol 33:1366–1378
Pockman WT, Sperry JS (1997) Freezing-induced xylem cavitation and the northern limit of Larrea tridentata. Oecologia 109:19–27
Polle A, Glavac V (1993) Seasonal changes in the axial distribution of peroxidase activity in the xylem sap of beech (Vagus sylvatica L.) trees. Tree Physiol 13:409–413
Popova LP, Tsonev TD, Lazova GN, Stoinova ZG (1996) Drought- and ABA-induced changes in photosynthesis of barley plants. Physiol Plant 96:623–629
Prakash KR, Rao VS (1996) The altered activities of carbonic anhydrase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase due to water stress and after its relief. J Environ Biol 17:39–42
Pregitzer KS, Hendrick RL, Fogel RT (1993) The demography of fine roots in response to patches of water and nitrogen. New Phytol 125:575–580
Pritchard J (1994) The control of cell expansion in roots. New Phytol 127:3–26
Pritchard J (1996) Aphid stylectomy reveals an osmotic step between sieve tube and cortical cells in barley roots. J Exp Bot 47:1519–1524
Quarrie SA (1996) New molecular tools to improve the efficiency of breeding for increased drought resistance. Plant Growth Regul 20:167–178
Rascio A, Platani C, Scalfati G, Tonti A, DiFonzo N (1994) The accumulation of solutes and water binding strength in durum wheat. Physiol Plant 90:715–721
Rascio A, Russo M, DiFonzo N (1997) Simplified procedure for estimating tissue affinity for bound water in durum wheat. Crop Sci 37:275–277
Raven JA (1994) Physiological analysis of aspects of the functioning of vascular tissue in early plants. Bot J Scotl 47:49–64
Reddy AR (1996) Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate-modulated photosynthesis in sorghum leaves grown under low water regimes. Phytochemistry 43:319–322
Rekha G, Sudarshana L, Prasad TG, Kulkarni MJ, Sashidar VR (1996) Slower-chemical or faster-electrical signalling under stress in plants: is it the hare and tortoise story of a slower signal winning the race? Curr Sci 71:284–289
Rennenberg H, Schupp R, Glavac V, Jochheim H (1994) Xylem sap composition for beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees: seasonal changes in the axial distribution of sulfur compounds. Tree Physiol 14:541–548
Richter H (1997) Water relations of plants in the field: some comments on the measurement of selected parameters. J Exp Bot 48:1–7
Ridolfi M, Garrec JP, Louguet P, Laffray D (1994) Effects of potassium and calcium deficiencies on stomatal functioning in intact leaves of Vicia faba. Can J Bot 72:1835–1842
Rieger M (1995) Offsetting effects of reduced root hydraulic conductivity and osmotic adjustment following drought. Tree Physiol 15:379–385
Ristic Z, Williams G, Yang G, Martin B, Fullerton S (1996) Dehydration, damage to cellular membranes, and heat-shock proteins in maize hybrids from different climates. J Plant Physiol 149:424–432
Rivoal J, Hanson AD (1994b) Choline-O-sulfate biosynthesis in plants: identification and partial characterization of a salinity-inducible choline sulfotransferase from species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae). Plant Physiol 106:1187–1193
Roth A (1996) Water transport in xylem conduits with ring thickenings. Plant Cell Environ 19:622–629
Roth A, Mosbrugger B (1996) Numerical studies of water conduction in land plants: evolution of early stele types. Paleobiology 22:411–421
Roth A, Mosbrugger V, Neugebauer HJ (1994a) Efficiency and evolution of water transport systems in higher plants: a modelling approach. I. The earliest land plants. Philos Trans R Soc Lond [Biol] 345:137–152
Roth A, Mosbrugger V, Neugebauer HJ (1994b) Efficiency and evolution of water transport systems in higher plants: a modelling approach. II. Stelar evolution. Philos Trans R Soc Lond [Biol] 345:153–162
Rucker KS, Kvien CK, Holbrook CC, Hook JE (1995) Identification of peanut genotypes with improved drought-avoidance traits. Peanut Sci 22:14–18
Sala A, Tenhunen JD (1996) Simulations of canopy net photosynthesis and transpiration in Quercus ilex L. under the influence of seasonal drought. Agric For Meteorol 78:203–222
Santrucek J, Sage RF (1996) Acclimation of stomatal conductance to a CO2-enriched atmosphere and elevated temperature in Chenopodium album. Aust J Plant Physiol 23:467–478
Savoure A, Hua X-J, Bertauche N, VanMontagu M, Verbruggen N (1997) Abscisic acidindependent and abscisic acid-dependent regulation of proline biosynthesis following cold and osmotic stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Gen Genet 254:104–109
Schill V, Hartung W, Orthen B, Weisenseel MH (1996) The xylem sap of maple (Acer platanoides) trees - sap obtained by a novel mthod shows changes with season and height. J Exp Bot 47:128–133
Schmidt C, Schroeder JI (1994) Anion selectivity of slow anion channels in the plasma membrane of guard cells: large nitrate permeability. Plant Physiol 106:383–391
Schneider A, Kreuzwieser J, Schupp R, Sauter JJ, Rennenberg H (1994) Thiol and amino acid composition of the xylem sap of poplar trees (Populus x canadensis robusta). Can J Bot 72:347–351
Schulte PJ, Castle AL (1993a) Water flow through vessel perforation plates: the effects of plate angle and thickness for Liriodendron tulipifera. J Exp Bot 44:1143–1148
Schulte PJ, Castle AL (1993b) Water flow through vessel perforation plates: a fluid mechanical approach. J Exp Bot 44:1135–1142
Schulz-Lessdorf B, Lohse G, Hedrich R (1996) GCAC1 recognizes the pH gradient across the plasma membrane: a pH-sensitive and ATP-dependent anion channel links guard cell membrane potential to acid and energy metabolism. Plant J 10:993–1004
Schurr U, Schulze E-D (1995) The concentration of xylem sap constituents in root exudate, and in sap from intact, transpiring castor bean plants (Ricinus communis L.). Plant Cell Environ 18:409–420
Schwartz A, Wu W-H, Tucker EB, Assmann SM (1994) Inhibition of inward K+ channels and stomatal response by abscisic acids: an intracellular locus of phytohormone action. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:4019–4023
Schwartz A, Ilan N, Schwarz M, Scheaffer J, Assmann SM, Schroeder JI (1995) Anion channel blockers inhibit S-type anion channels and abscisic acid responses in guard cells. Plant Physiol 109:651–658
Sealey LJ, McCully ME, Canny MJ (1995) The expansion of maize root-cap mucilage during hydration: I. Kinetics. Physiol Plant 93:38–46
Seifert U, Langer SA (1994) Hydrodynamics of membranes: the bilayer aspect and adhesion. Biophys Chem 49:13–22
Serpe MD, Matthews MA (1994) Changes in cell wall yielding and stored growth in Begonia argenteo-guttata L. leaves during the development of water deficits. Plant Cell Physiol 35:619–626
Sgherri CLM, Navari-Izzo F (1995) Sunflower seedlings subjected to increasing water deficit stress: oxidative stress and defence mechanisms. Physiol Plant 93:25–30
Sharp RE, Wu Y, Voetberg GS, Saab IN, Lenoble ME (1994) Confirmation that abscisic acid accumulation is required for maize primary root elongation at low water potentials. J Exp Bot 45:1743–1751
Smirnoff N (1993) Tansley Review no 52. The role of active oxygen in the response of plants to water deficit and desiccation. New Phytol 125:27–58
Smith A (1994) Xylem transport and the negative pressures sustainable by water. Ann Bot 74:647–651
Smith DM, Allen SJ (1996) Measurement of sap flow in plant stems. J Exp Bot 47:1833–1844
Sobrado MA (1993) Trade-off between water transport efficiency and leaf life-span in a tropical dry forest. Oecologia 96:19–23
Sobrado MA (1996) Embolism vulnerability of an evergreen tree. Biol Plant 38:297–301
Sperry JS, Ikeda T (1997) Xylem cavitation in roots and stems of Douglas-fir and white fir. Tree Physiol 17:275–280
Sperry JS, Saliendra NZ (1994) Intra- and inter-plant variation in xylem cavitation in Betula occidentalis. Plant Cell Environ 17:1233–1241
Sperry JS, Nichols KL, Sullivan JEM, Eastlack SE (1994) Xylem embolism in ring-porous, diffuse-porous, and coniferous tress of northern Utah and interior Alaska. Ecology 75:1736–1752
Sperry JS, Saliendra NZ, Pockman WT, Cockhard H, Cruiziat P, Davis SD, Ewers FW, Tyree MT (1996) New evidence for large negative xylem pressures and their measurement by the pressure chamber method. Plant Cell Environ 19:427–436
Spollen WG, Nelson CJ (1994) Response of fructan to water deficit in growing leaves of tall fescue. Plant Physiol 106:329–336
Stanca AM, Crosatti C, Grossi M, Lacerenza NG, Rizza F, Cattivelli L (1996) Molecular adaptation of barley to cold and drought conditions. Euphytica 92:215–219
Steudle E (1994) Water transport across roots. Plant Soil 167:79–90
Steudle E (1995) Trees under tension. Nature 378:663–664
Steudle E, Frensch J (1996) Water transport in plants: role of the apoplast. Plant Soil 187:67–79
Steudle E, Murrmann M, Peterson CA (1993) Transport of water and solutes across maize roots modified by puncturing the endodermis. Plant Physiol 103:335–349
Svetek J, Schara M, Nemec M, Nothnagel EA (1994) Osmolality effects on membrane transport properties and membrane domain structure measured in maize root tissue in situ by spin probe EPR. Acta Pharm 44:297–307
Sytsma MD, Anderson LWJ (1993) Transpiration by an emergent macrophyte: source of water and implications for nutrient supply. Hydrobiologia 271:97–108
Takahashi H (1994) Hydrotropism and its interaction with gravitropism in roots. Plant Soil 165:301–308
Tallman G, Zhu J, Mawson BT, Amodeo G, Nouhi Z, Levy K, Zeiger E (1997) Induction of CAM in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum abolishes the stomatal response to blue light and light-dependent zeaxanthin formation in guard cell chloroplasts. Plant Cell Physiol 38:236–242
Tardieu F (1996) Drought perception by plants. Do cells of droughted plants experience water stress? Plant Growth Regul 20:93–104
Tazawa M, Asai K, Iwasaki N (1996) Characteristics of Hg- and Zn-sensitive water channels in the plasma membrane of Chara cells. Bot Acta 109:388–396
Tewolde H, Dobrenz AK, Voigt RL (1993) Seasonal trends in leaf photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of drought stressed and nonstressed pearl millet as associated to vapor pressure deficit. Photosynth Res 38:41–49
Thiel G, Blatt MR, Fricker MD, White IR, Millner P (1993) Modulation of K+channels in Vicia stomatal guard cells by peptide homologs to the auxin-binding protein C terminus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:11493–11497
Thorburn PJ, Ehleringer JR (1995) Root water uptake of field-growing plants indicated by measurements of natural-abundance deuterium. Plant Soil 177:225–233
Thorburn PJ, Walker GR (1994) Variation in stream water uptake by Eucalyptus camaldulensis with differing access to stream water. Oecologia 100:293–301
Tognetti R, Borghetti M (1994) Formation and seasonal occurrence of xylem embolism in Alnus cordata. Tree Physiol 14:241–250
Tognetti R, Johnson JD, Michelozzi M (1995) The response of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings from two Italian populations to drought and recovery. Trees 9:348–354
Tomos D, Pritchard J (1994) Biophysical and biochemical control of cell expansion in roots and leaves. J Exp Bot 45:1721–1731
Triboulot MB, Pritchard J, Tomos D (1995) Stimulation and inhibition of pine root growth by osmotic stress. New Phytol 130:169–175
Triboulot MB, Fauveau ML, Breda N, Label P, Dreyer E (1996) Stomatal conductance and xylem-sap abscisic acid (ABA) in adult oak trees during a gradually imposed drought. Ann Sci For 53:207–220
Tschaplinski TJ, Tuskan GA (1994) Water-stress tolerance of black and eastern cottonwood clones and four hybrid progeny: II Metabolites and inorganic ions that constitute osmotic adjustment. Can J For Res 24:681–687
Tuinstra MR, Grote EM, Goldsbrough PB, Ejeta G (1996) Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with pre-flowering drought tolerance in sorghum. Crop Sci 36:1337–1344
Turner A, Wells B, Roberts K (1994) Plasmodesmata of maize root tips: structure and composition. J Cell Sci 107:3351–33612
Tyree MT, Cochard H (1996) Summer and winter embolism in oak: impact on water relations. Ann Sci For 53:173–180
Tyree MT, Cochard H, Cruiziat P, Sinclair B, Ameglio T (1993) Drought-induced leaf shedding in walnut: evidence for vulnerability segmentation. Plant Cell Environ 16:879–882
Tyree MT, Davis SD, Cochard H (1994a) Biophysical perspectives of xylem evolution: is there a tradeoff of hydraulic efficacy for vulnerability to dysfunction? Int Assoc Wood Anat J 15:335–360
Tyree MT, Kolb KJ, Rood SB, Patino S (1994b) Vulnerability to drought-induced cavitation of riparian cottonwoods in Alberta: a possible factor in the decline of the ecosystem? Tree Physiol 14:455–466
Ulrich AS, Watts A (1994a) Molecular response of the lipid headgroup to bilayer hydration monitored by2H-NMR. Biophys J 66:1441–1449
Ulrich AS, Watts A (1994b) Lipid headgroup hydration studied by 2H-NMR: a link between spectroscopy and thermodynamics. Biophys Chem 49:39–50
Urrestarazu M, Sanchez A, Lorente FA, Guzman M (1996a) Chronophysiologic rhythm model for daily ionic variation of xylematic exudates in tomato plants. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 27:1843–1858
Urrestarazu M, Sanchez A, Lorente FA, Guzman M (1996b) A daily rhythmic model for pH and volume from xylem sap of tomato plants. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 27:1859–1874
VanAs H, Reinders JEA, DeJager PA, VanDe Sanden PACM, Schaafsma TJ (1994) In situ plant water balance studies using a portable NMR spectrometer. J Exp Bot 45:61–67
VanDoom WG, Jones RB (1994) Ultrasonic acoustic emissions from excised stems of two Thryptomene species. Physiol Plant 92:431–436
VanDoom WG, Suiro V (1996) Relationship between cavitation and water uptake in rose stems. Physiol Plant 96:305–311
VanSplunder I, Voesenek LACJ, Coops H, DeVries XJA, Bloom CWPM (1996) Morphological responses of seedlings of four species of Salicaceae to drought. Can J Bot 74:1988–1995
Varney GT, McCully ME, Canny MJ (1993) Sites of entry of water into the symplast of maize roots. New Phytol 125:733–741
Vartanian N (1996) Mutants as tools to understand cellular and molecular drought tolerance mechanisms. Plant Growth Regul 20:125–134
Vartanian N, Marcotte L, Giraudat J (1994) Drought rhizogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol 104:761–767
Verbruggen N, Villarroel R, VanMontagu M (1993) Osmoregulation of a pyrroline-5- carboxylate reductase gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol 103:771–781
Vojtechova M, Hanson AD, Munoz-Clares RA (1997) Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase from amaranth leaves efficiently catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidation of dimethylsulfoniopropionaldehyde to dimethylsulfoniopropionate. Arch Biochem Biophys 337:81–88
Wan C, Sosebee RE, McMichael BL (1994) Hydraulic properties of shallow vs. deep lateral roots in a semiarid shrub. Am Midi Nat 131:120–127
Wang XL, McCully ME, Canny MJ (1994) The branch roots of Zea. IV. The maturation and openness of xylem conduits in first-order branches of soil-grown roots. New Phytol 126:21–29
Wang Z, Quebedeaux B, Stutte GW (1995) Osmotic adjustment: effect of water stress on carbohydrates in leaves, stems and roots of apple. Aust J Plant Physiol 22:747–754
Wang Z, Quebedeaux B, Stutte GW (1996) Partitioning of [14C]glucose into sorbitol and other carbohydrates in apple under water stress. Aust J Plant Physiol 23:245–251
Ward JM, Schroeder JI (1994) Calcium-activated K+channels and calcium-induced calcium release by slow vacuolar ion channels in guard cell vacuoles implicated in the control of stomatal closure. Plant Cell 6:669–683
Watt M, VanDer Weele CM, McCully ME, Canny MJ (1996) Effects of local variations in soil moisture and hydrophobic deposits and dye diffusion in corn roots. Bot Acta 109:492–501
Webb AAR, Mcainsh MR, Mansfield TA, Hetherington AM (1996) Carbon dioxide induces increases in guard cell cytosolic free calcium. Plant J 9:297–304
Wegner LH, Raschke K (1994) Ion channels in the xylem parenchyma of barley roots: a procedure to isolate protoplasts from this tissue and a patch-clamp exploration of salt passageways into xylem vessels. Plant Physiol 105:799–813
Weibel FP, DeVos JA (1994) Transpiration measurements on apple trees with an improved stem heat balance method. Plant Soil 166:203–219
Welling DJ, Welling PA, Welling LW (1996) Filled pore approximation: a theoretical framework for solute-solvent coupling in narrow water channels. Am J Physiol 270:C1246–C1254
Westgate ME, Passioura JB, Munns R (1996) Water status and ABA content of floral organs in drought-stressed wheat. Aust Plant Physiol 23:763–772
White G, Pencer J, Nickel BG, Wood JM, Hallen FR (1996) Optical changes in unilamellar vesicles experiencing osmotic stress. Biophys J 71:2701–2715
Wilkinson S, Davies WJ (1997) Xylem sap pH increase: a drought signal received at the apoplastic face of the guard cell that involves the suppression of saturable abscisic acid uptake by the epidermal symplast. Plant Physiol 113:559–573
Willmer CM, Grammatikopoulos G, Lasceve G, Vavasseur A (1995) Characterization of the vacuolar-type H+-ATPase from guard cell protoplasts of Commelina. J Exp Bot 46:383–389
Wilson KB, Bunce JA (1997) Effects of carbon dioxide concentration on the interactive effects of temperature and water vapour on stomatal conductance in soybean. Plant Cell Environ 20:230–238
Wood AJ, Goldsbrough PB (1997) Characterization and expression of dehydrins in water- stressed Sorghum bicolor. Physiol Plant 99:144–152
Wood AJ, Saneoka H, Rhodes D, Joly RJ, Goldsbrough PB (1996) Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase in sorghum. Molecular cloning and expression of two related genes. Plant Physiol 110:1301–1308
Wraith JM, Baker JM, Blake TK (1995) Water uptake resumption following soil drought: a comparison among four barley genotypes. J Exp Bot 46:873–880
Wu W-H (1995) A novel cation channel in Vicia faba guard-cell plasma membrane. Acta Phytophysiol Sin 21:347–354
Wu W-H, Assmann SM (1994) A membrane-delimited pathway of G-protein regulation of the guard-cell inward K+ channel. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:6310–6314
Wu W-H, Assmann SM (1995) Is ATP required for K+ channel activation in Vicia guard cells? Plant Physiol 107:101–109
Wu Y, Spollen WG, Sharp RE (1994) Root growth maintenance at low water potentials: increased activity of xyloglucan endotransglyosylase and its possible regulation by abscisic acid. Plant Physiol 106:607–615
Wu Y, Sharp RE, Durachko DM, Cosgrove DJ (1996) Growth maintenance of the maize primary root at low water potentials involves increases in cell-wall extension properties, expansion activity, and wall susceptibility to expansions. Plant Physiol 111:765–772
Yamada M, Sato S (1996) Effect of hypoxia on nucleoli in excised root tips of Vicia faba: immunoelectron microscopy using anti-DNA antibodies. Cytologia 61:403–410
Yang S, Grantz DA (1996) Root hydraulic conductance in pima cotton: comparison of reverse flow, transpiration, and root pressurization. Crop Sci 36:1580–1589
Yu G-R, Nakayama K, Lu H-Q (1996) Responses of stomatal conductance in field-grown maize leaves to certain environmental factors over a long term. J Agric Meteorol 52:311–320
Zagdanska B, Kozdoj J (1994) Water stress-induced changes in morphology and anatomy of flag leaf of spring wheat. Acta Soc Bot Pol 63:61–66
Zhang J, Kirkham MB (1996) Antioxidant responses to drought in sunflower and sorghum seedlings. New Physiol 132:361–373
Zhang J, Tardieu F (1996) Relative contribution of apices and mature tissues to ABA synthesis in droughted maize root systems. Plant Cell Physiol 37:598–605
Zhang J, Jia W, Zhang D-P (1997) Effect of leaf water status and xylem pH on metabolism of xylem-transported abscisic acid. Plant Growth Regul 21:51–58
Zhu D, Scandalios JG (1994) Differential accumulation of manganese-superoxide dismutase transcripts in maize in response to abscisic acid and high osmoticum. Plant Physiol 106:173–178
Zimmermann U, Zhu JJ, Meinzer FC, Goldstein G, Schneider H, Zimmermann G, Benkert R, Thuermer F, Melcher P, Webb D, Haase A (1994) High molecular weight organic compounds in the xylem sap of mangroves: Implications for long-distance water transport. Bot Acta 107:218–229
Zotz G, Tyree MT, Cochard H (1994) Hydraulic architecture, water relations and vulnerability to cavitation of Clusia uvitana Pittier: a C3-CAM tropical hemiepiphyte. New Phytol 127:287–295
Zwieniecki MA, Newton M (1995) Roots growing in rock fissures: their morphological adaptation. Plant Soil 172:181–187
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lösch, R. (1999). Plant Water Relations. In: Esser, K., Kadereit, J.W., Lüttge, U., Runge, M. (eds) Progress in Botany. Progress in Botany, vol 60. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59940-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59940-8_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64189-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59940-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive