The Classical Era

Abstract

The classical era of the development of porous media theory spanned almost one hundred years, from 1822 to 1913. The term classical era is justified in the sense that, during this time, fundamental ideas from the eighteenth century were made concrete and various theories completed. As was mentioned at the end of the previous chapter, this is true, on the one hand, for the concrete formulation of the stress concept and for the derivation of the material-independent fundamental equations; and on the other hand, for the completion of the theory of linear-elastic bodies, that of viscous fluids, the earth pressure theory, and the failure condition for granular material. This is also true for the formulation of a plasticity theory for ductile materials as well as the development of thermodynamics.