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Schizophrenie: Die neurobiologische Entwicklungshypothese

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Psychiatrie der Gegenwart 5

Zusammenfassung

Kraepelin faßte die Schizophrenie als eine frühzeitige Demenz auf, die in der 2. oder 3. Lebensdekade auftritt und sich im Verlauf der Erkrankung verschlechtert (Kraepelin 1899). Sowohl Bleuler (1911) als auch Kraepelin (1899) stellten fest, daß Eigenschaften wie etwa Verschlossenheit, Zurückgezogenheit oder Reizbarkeit bei manchen schizophrenen Patienten bereits im Kindesalter auftraten und der Erkrankung vorausgingen. Aufgrund des vorherrschenden biologischen Blickwinkels war man jedoch der Ansicht, daß die Schizophrenie auf einem pathologischen degenerativen Prozefß beruht, der im frühen Erwachsenenalter, kurz vor dem Ausbruch der manifesten Symptome, beginnt. Es wurde allgemein angenommen, daß in den meisten Fällen von einem primär nicht oder nur wenig von der Norm abweichenden Zustand des Gehirns auszugehen ist und daß die pathologischen Veränderungen sich mit fortschreitender Krankheit verstärken (Weinberger 1995).

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Authors
  1. A. Heinz
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  2. D. R. Weinberger
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Psychiatrische Klinik, Freie Universität Berlin, Eschenallee 3, D-14050, Berlin, Germany

    Hanfried Helmchen

  2. Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität Müchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, München, Germany

    Hans Lauter

  3. Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Postfach 12 21 20, D-68072, Mannheim, Germany

    Fritz Henn

  4. Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Belle-Idée, Bâtiment Salève 2, chemin du Petit-Bel-Air, CH-1225, Chêne-Bourg/Genève, Switzerland

    Norman Sartorius

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Heinz, A., Weinberger, D.R. (2000). Schizophrenie: Die neurobiologische Entwicklungshypothese. In: Helmchen, H., Lauter, H., Henn, F., Sartorius, N. (eds) Psychiatrie der Gegenwart 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59626-1_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59626-1_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59626-1

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