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Osteolysis Induced by Radio-Opaque Agents

  • Conference paper
Bone Cements and Cementing Technique

Abstract

In the fibrous membrane surrounding an aseptically loose cemented implant, a heavy infiltrate of foreign body macrophages is commonly seen in response to particles of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement and other biomaterials. We have previously shown that monocytes and macrophages responding to bone cement particles are capable of differentiating into osteoclastic cells that resorb bone. To determine whether radio-opaque additives [barium sulphate (BaSO4) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)] influence this process, particles of PMMA, with or without these radio-opaque agents, were added to mouse monocytes and co-cultured with osteoblast-like cells on bone slices. Osteoclast differentiation was assessed by determining the expression of the osteoclast-associated enzyme tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and lacunar bone resorption. The addition of PMMA alone to these co-cultures caused no increase in TRAP expression or bone resorption relative to control co-cultures (i.e. no added particles). However, adding PMMA particles containing BaSO4 or ZrO2 caused an increase in TRAP expression and a highly significant increase in bone resorption. Particles containing BaSO4 were associated with 50% more bone resorption than particles containing ZrO2. These results suggest that radio-opaque agents in bone cement may contribute to the pathological bone resorption of aseptic loosening by enhancing macrophage-osteoclast differentiation, and that PMMA containing BaSO4 is likely to be associated with more osteolysis than PMMA containing ZrO2.

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Authors
  1. Afsie Sabokbar
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  2. Nicholas A. Athanasou
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  3. David W. Murray
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Academisch Ziekenhuis Orthopaedie, P. Debyelaan 25, Postbus 5800, NL-6202, Maastricht, AZ, Netherlands

    G. H. I. M. Walenkamp

  2. Nuffield Orthopedic Center NHS Trust, Windmill Road, Headington, OX3 7LD, Oxford, UK

    D. W. Murray

  3. IZKF Biomet, Technical University Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany

    U. Henze

  4. Traumal Surgery, University of Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45122, Essen, Germany

    H.-J. Kock

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© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Sabokbar, A., Athanasou, N.A., Murray, D.W. (2001). Osteolysis Induced by Radio-Opaque Agents. In: Walenkamp, G.H.I.M., Murray, D.W., Henze, U., Kock, HJ. (eds) Bone Cements and Cementing Technique. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59478-6_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59478-6_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-41677-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59478-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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