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The Emission and Distribution of Ozone Precursors over Europe

The Report from TOR Task Group 2a

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Book cover Tropospheric Ozone Research

Abstract

The increasing concentration of ozone (03) in the northern hemispheric troposphere is a matter of great concern. The tropospheric content of ozone is partly the result of a downward transport from the stratosphere [1, 2], but ozone is also formed in the free troposphere and in the polluted boundary layer by photo dissociation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) followed by the recombination of the oxygen atom formed (03P) with an oxygen molecule (O2) [3]. Net production of ozone is only possible if nitrogen monoxide (NO) is converted to NO2 by reacting with species other than ozone itself. In the free troposphere NO reacts with free radicals formed by oxidation of methane or carbon monoxide (CO). In the polluted atmospheric boundary layer free radicals are formed by the oxidation of VOC (volatile organic compounds) [4-7], and the explanation to the post industrial increase of ozone is most likely the enhanced antropogenic emissions of NOx and other precursors [8-10]. Episodic occurrence of elevated ozone is mainly controlled by NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbon) emissions, but NO„ emissions are also important [11-13]). In less polluted areas like Scandinavia NO„ rather than VOC is regarded as the limiting factor in ozone formation [14-16]. The basic mechanisms of the production of tropospheric ozone are thus well known [17-19]. The quantitative role of various compounds on different scales, especially individual hydrocarbons, is however not yet well established. Since the ozone concentrations do not respond linearly to precursor controls [20], the influence of various processes on the production of ozone and other secondary pollutants can best be investigated by a combination of measurements, emission inventories and modelling.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. IVL, P.O.Box 47086, Göteborg, S-402 58, Sweden

    Anne Lindskog & Jacques Mowrer

  2. NILU, P.O. Box 100, Kjeller, N-2007, Norway

    Sverre Solberg & Norbert Schmidbauer

  3. TNO, P.O.Box 6011, Delft, JA, NL-2600, The Netherlands

    Michiel Roemer & Paul Esser

  4. KFA, P.O. Box 1913, Jülich, D-5170, Germany

    Dieter Klemp

  5. IFU, Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, D-82467, Germany

    Rudolf Sladkovic

  6. Université Paris XII-Creteil, Lab. de Physico-Chimie de l’Environnment, 61 Ave de Général de Gaulle, Creteil, F-94010, France

    Hacène Boudries & Alain Dutot

  7. University of East Anglia, School of Environ. Science, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK

    Rachel Burgess

  8. FMI, Air Quality Department, Sahaajankatu 22 E, Helsinki, SF-0081 0, Finland

    Hannele Hakola & Tuomas Laurila

  9. Meteorologie Consult, Auf der Platt 47, Glashütten, D-61 179, Germany

    Rainer Schmitt

  10. ITM Air Pollution Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Sweden

    Hans Areskoug & Rodrigo Romero

  11. Institute for Atmospheric Physics, P.O. Box 39, Budapest, H-1675, Hungary

    László Haszpra

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  1. Anne Lindskog
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  14. László Haszpra
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  15. Jacques Mowrer
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  1. Norwegian Institute for Air Research, P.O. Box 100, Kjeller, N-2007

    Øystein Hov

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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Lindskog, A. et al. (1997). The Emission and Distribution of Ozone Precursors over Europe. In: Hov, Ø. (eds) Tropospheric Ozone Research. Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58729-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58729-0_3

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