Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a primary malignancy arising from the bile duct epithelium (Craig et al. 1989). The relative incidence of cholangiocarcinoma among primary liver cancer reported in autopsy series ranges from 5% to 30% (Hoyne and Kernohan 1947; Edmondson and Steiner 1954; Macdonald 1956; Mori 1967; San Jose et al. 1965; Cruickshank 1961; Patton and Horn 1964). Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma are primary sclerosing cholangitis, choledocal cyst, familial polyposis, congenital hepatic fibrosis, infection with Clonorchis siniensis (Chinese liver fluke), and history of exposure to thorium dioxide (Thorotrast).
Keywords
- Bile Duct
- Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma
- Portal Venous Phase
- Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
- Common Hepatic Duct
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adam A, Benjamin IS (1992) The staging of cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Radiol 46:299–303
Adjei ON, Tamura S, Sugimara H, et al (1995) Contrast enhanced MR imaging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Radiol 50:6–10
Bismuth H, Malt RA (1979) Current concepts in cancer: carci- noma of the biliary tract. New Eng I Med 301:704–706
Bloustein PA (1977) Association of carcinoma with congenital cystic conditions of the liver and bile ducts. Am I Gastroenterol 67:40–46
Boring CC, Squires TS, Tong T (1993) Cancer statistics, 1993. Cancer 43:7–23
Carr DH, Hadjis NS, Banks LM, et al (1985) Computed tomography of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a new sign. AIR 145:53–56
Choi BI, Park JH, Furui S, Yashiro N, Ohtomo K, Ilio M, (1988) Computed tomography of primary intrahepatic biliary malignancy. Radiology 169:149–153
Choi B1, Lee JH, Han MC, et a1 (1989) Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparative study with sonography and CT. Radiology 172:689–692
Choi BI, Han JK, Cho JM et al (1995) Characterization of focal hepatic tumors: value of two-phase scanning with spiral computed tomography. Cancer 76:2434–2442
Choi BI, Kim TK, Han JK (1998) MRI imaging of clonorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma. JMRI 8:359–366
Craig JR, Peters RL, Edmondson HA (1989) Tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts. Fascicle 26, 2nd series. Washington DC, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, pp 123–222
Cruickshank A.H (1961) The pathology of 111 cases of primary hepatic malignancy collected in the Liverpool region. I Clin Pathol 14:120–131
Edmondson HA, Steiner PE (1954) Primary carcinoma of the liver: a study of 100 cases among 48,900 necropsies. Cancer 7:462–503
Fahim RB, McDonald JR, Richards JC (1962) Carcinoma of the gallbladder: a study of its modes of spread. Ann Surg 156:114–124
Fulcher AS, Turner MA (1997) HASTE MR cholangiography in the evaluation of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. AJR 169:1501–1505
Garber SJ, Donald JJ, Lees WR (1983) Cholangiocarcinoma: ultrasound features and correlation with survival. Abdom Imaging 18:66–69
Guthrie JA, Ward J, Robinson PJ (1996) Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: T2-weighted spin-echo and gadolinium enhanced FLASH MR imaging. Radiology 201:347–351
Hann LE, Greatrex KV, Bach AM, Fong Y, Blumgart LH (1997) Cholangiocarcinoma at the hepatic hilus: sonographic findings. AIR 168:985–989
Honda H, Onitsuka H, Yasumori K, et al (1993) Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: two-phased dynamic incremental CT and pathologic correlation. J Comput Assist Tomogr 17:397–402
Hoyne RM, Kernohan JW (1947) Primary carcinoma of the liver: a study of 31 cases. Arch Intern Med 79:532–554
Ishak KG, Sesterhenn IA, Goodman ZD, et al (1984) Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: A clinicopathologic and follow-up study of 32 cases. Hum Pathol 15:839–852
Itai Y, Araki T, Furui S, et al (1983) Computed tomography of primary intrahepatic biliary malignancy. Radiology 147:485–490
Kaude J, Rian R (1971) Cholangiocarcinoma. Radiology 100:573–580
Kim TK, Choi BI, Han JK, et al (1997) Peripheral cholangio-carcinoma of the liver: two-phase spiral CT findings. Radiology 204:539–543
Klatskin G (1965) Adenocarcinoma of the hepatic duct at its bifurcation within the porta hepatis: an unusual tumor with distinctive clinical and pathological features. Am I Med 38:241–256
Kokubo T, Itai Y, Ohtomo K, et al (1988) Mucinhypersecreting intrahepatic biliary neoplasms. Radiology 168:609–614
Lacomis JM, Baron RL, Oliver JH, Nalesnik MA, Federle M.P (1997) Cholangiocarcinoma: delayed CT contrast enhancement patterns. Radiology 203:98–104
Looser C, Stain SL, Baer HU, Triller J, Blumgart LH (1992) Staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoima by ultrasound and duplex sonography: a comparison with angiography and operative findings. Br I Radiol 65:871–877
MacDonald RA (1956) Cirrhosis and primary carcinoma of the liver: changes in their occurrence at the Boston City Hospital 1897–1954. New Eng’ I Med 255:1179–1183
McCarthy RL, LaRusso NF, May GR, et al (1985) Cholangiocarcinoma complicating primary sclerosing cholangitis: cholangiographic appearances. Radiology 156:43–46
Mori W (1967) Cirrhosis and primary cancer of the liver-comparative study in Tokyo and Cincinnati. Cancer 20:627–631
Nesbit GM, Johnson CD, James EM, et al (1988) Cholangiocarcinoma: diagnosis and evaluation of resectability by CT and sonography as procedures complementary to cholangiography. AIR 151:933–938
Nichols DA, MacCarty RL, Gaffey TA (1983) Cholangiographic evaluation of bile duct carcinoma. AJR 141:1291–1294
Okuda K, Kubo Y. Okazaki N, et al (1977) Clinical aspects of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma including hilar carcinoma: a study of 57 autopsy-proven cases. Cancer 39:232–246
Oliver JH, Baron RL, Federle MP, Rockette HP (1996) Detecting hepatocellular carcinoma: the relative added value of using noncontrast and/or arterial phase imaging in conjunction with conventional portal venous phase contrast CT. AJR 167:71–77
Patton RB, Horn RC Jr (1964) Primary liver carcinoma. Autopsy study of 60 cases. Cancer 17:757–768
Ros PR, Buck IL, Comdr LT, Goodman ZD, et al (1988) Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: radiology-Pathologic Correlation. Radiology 167:689–693
Rummeny E, Weissleder R, Stark DD, et al (1989) Primary liver tumors: diagnosis by MR imaging. AIR 152:63–72
San Jose D, Cady A, West M, et a’ (1965) Primary carcinoma of the liver, analysis of clinical and biochemical features of 80 cases. Am I Dig Dis 10:657–673
Saul SH (1994) Masses of the liver. In: Sternberg SS (ed) Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 2nd edn. Raven Press, New York, pp 1543–1545
Soyer PA, Bluemke DA, Sibert A, et al (1995) MR imaging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Abdom Imaging 20:126–130
Sugihara S, Kojiro M. (1987) Pathology of cholangiocarcinoma. In: Nakashima T. Kojiro M. (eds) Hepatocellular Carcinoma: an atlas of its pathology. Springer Verlag, Tokyo, pp 191–211
Takayasu K, Lkeya S, Mukai K, et a1 (1990) CT of hilar the left hepatic lobe caused by a cholangiocarcinoma. AIR 144:547–548
Tani K, Kubota Y, Yamaguchi T, et al (1991) MR imaging of peripheral cholangiocarcinoma. J Comput Assist Tomogr 15:975–978
Tartar VM, Balfe DM (1990) Lymphoma in the wall of the bile ducts: radiologic imaging. Gastrointest Radiol 15:53–57
Thorsen MK, Quiroz F, Lawson TL, et al (1984) Primary bil- iary carcinoma: CT evaluation. Radiology 152:479–483
Vazquez JL, Thorsen MK, Dodds WJ, et al (1985) Atrophy of cholangiocarcinoma: late contrast enhancement in six patients. AJR 154:1203–1206
Walter JF, Bookstein JJ, Bouffard EV (1976) Newer angiographie observations in cholangiocarcinorr a. Radio ology 118:19–23
Whithey WS, Herfkens RJ, Brooke JR et al (1993) Dynamic breathhold multiplanar spoiled gradient-recalled MR imaging with gadolinium enhancement for differentiating hepatic hemangiomas from malignancy at 1.5 T. Radiology 189:863–870
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Manfredi, R., Maresca, G., Vecchioli, A., Colagrande, C., Galletti, G., Marano, P. (1999). Cholangiocellular Carcinoma. In: Bartolozzi, C., Lencioni, R. (eds) Liver Malignancies. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58641-5_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58641-5_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63679-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-58641-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive