Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Holm Oak and Holm Oak Forests: An Introduction

  • Chapter
Ecology of Mediterranean Evergreen Oak Forests

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 137))

Abstract

Why should we study the Mediterranean evergreen forests of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.)? Besides the pursuit of knowledge, two major reasons can be put forward. First, holm oak forests are a dominant type of vegetation in a transition zone between temperate forests, mostly dominated by deciduous trees and the scrublands (maquis, chaparral, phrygana, etc.) that herald the tropical regions. In this transition zone, plants have had to cope with a selective pressure resulting from a double stress - winter cold and summer drought - that has determined their morphological and ecophysiological evolutive responses. One of our aims is to provide an insight into the features of holm oak as related to environmental factors and in comparison with other tree types (broadleaved deciduous hardwoods, needle-leafed conifers).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aerts R (1995) The advantages of being evergreen. Trends Ecol Evol 10:402–407

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bacillieri R, Bouchet MA, Bran D, Grandjanny M, Maistre M, Perret P, Romane F (1993) Germination and regeneration mechanisms in Mediterranean degenerate forests. J Veg Sci 4: 241–246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barbero M, Loisel R, Quézel P (1992) Biogeography, ecology and history of Mediterranean Quercus ilex ecosystems. Vegetatio 99/100:19–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bran D, Lobreaux O, Maistre M, Perret P, Romane F (1990) Germination of Quercus ilex and Quercus pubescens in a Quercus ilex coppice. Vegetatio 87:45–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braun-Blanquet J (1936) La chênaie d’Yeuse méditerranéenne. SIGMA 45 et Mem Soc Sci Nat Nîmes 5:1–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun-Blanquet J, Maire R (1924) Études sur la végétation et la flore marocaines. Mém Soc Sci Nat Maroc VIII, 212 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Castell C, Terradas J, Tenhunen JD (1994) Water relations, gas exchange and growth of resprouts and mature plant shoots of Arbutus unedo L. and Quercus ilex L. Oecologia 98:201–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • d’Amaral Franco J (1983) Quercus. In: Castroviejo S, Laínz M, López G, Montserrat P, Muñoz F, Paiva J, Villar L (eds) Flora Iberica, vol II. CSIC, Madrid, pp 15–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Debazac EF (1983) Temperate broad-leaved evergreen forests of the Mediterranean region and Middle East. In: Ovington JD (ed) Temperate broad-leaved evergreen forests. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 107–123

    Google Scholar 

  • De Lillis M, Fontanella A (1992) Comparative phenology and growth in different species of the Mediterranean maquis of central Italy. Vegetatio 99/100:83–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ducrey M, Boisserie M (1992) Recrû naturel dans les taillis de chêne vert (Quercus ilex L.) à la suite d’exploitations partielles. Ann Sci For 49:91–109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eckardt FE, Berger A, Méthy M, Heim G, Sauvezon R (1978) Interception de l’énergie rayonnante, échanges de CO2, régime hydrique et production chez différents types de végétation sous climat méditerranéen. In: Moyse A (ed) Les processus de la production végétale primaire. Géobiologie, écologie, aménagement. Gauthier-Villars, Paris, pp 1–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Emberger L (1955) Une classification biogéographique des climats. Rec Tray Lab Bot-Zool Fac Sci Univ Montpellier Bot 7:3–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Espelta JM, Retana J, Gené C, Riba M (1993) Supervivencia de plântulas de pino carrasco (Pinushalepensis) y encina (Quercus ilex) en bosques mixtos de ambas especies. In: Silva-Pando FJ, Vega G (eds) Congreso Forestal Español. Ponencias y comunicaciones, vol II. Xunta de Galicia, Vigo, pp 393–398

    Google Scholar 

  • Espelta JM, Riba M, Retana J (1995) Patterns of seedling recruitment in west-Mediterranean Quercus ilex L. forests influenced by canopy development. J Veg Sci 6:465–472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gené C, Espelta JM, Gracia, M, Retana J (1993) Identificación de los anillos anuales de crecimiento de la encina (Quercus ilex L.). Orsis 8:127–139

    Google Scholar 

  • Giovannini G, Perulli D, Piussi P, Salbitano F (1992) Ecology of vegetative regeneration after coppicing in macchia stands in central Italy. Vegetatio 99/100:332–344

    Google Scholar 

  • Gómez Gutiérrez JM (ed) (1992) El libro de las dehesas salmantinas. Junta de Castilla y León, Salamanca

    Google Scholar 

  • Huntsinger L, Bartolome JW (1992) Ecological dynamics of Quercus dominated woodlands in California and southern Spain. Vegetatio 99/100:299–305

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez C (1996) El carboneig. L’exemple del Montseny. Alta Fulla, Barcelona

    Google Scholar 

  • Khatouri M (1992) Growth and yield of young Quercus ilex coppice stands in the Tafferte forest (Morocco). Vegetatio 99/100:77–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knops JMH, Koenig WD (1994) Water use strategies of five sympatric species of Quercus in central coastal California. Madrono 41:290–301

    Google Scholar 

  • Laguna M (1883) Flora forestal española. Ed Facsimile, Xunta de Galicia, Vigo, 1993

    Google Scholar 

  • Larcher W (1960) Transpiration and photosynthesis of detached leaves and shoots of Quercus pubescens and Q. ilex during desiccation under standard conditions. Bull Res Counc Isr 8D:213–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Larcher W (1970) Kälteresistenz und Ãœberwinterungsvermögen mediterraner Holzpflanzen. Acta Oecol Oecol Plant 5:267–286

    Google Scholar 

  • Larcher W (1995) Physiological plant ecology. Springer, Berlin

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Larcher W, Mair B (1969) Die Temperaturresistenz als ökophysiologisches Konstitutionsmerkmal: 1. Quercus ilex und andere Eichenarten des Mittelmeergebietes. Acta Oecol Oecol Plant 4:347–376

    Google Scholar 

  • Marchai R (1995) Propriétés des bois de chêne vert et chêne pubescent. Caractéristiques physiques. For Méditerr 16:425–438

    Google Scholar 

  • Michaud H, Lumaret R, Romane F (1992) Variation in the genetic structure and reproductive biology of holm oak populations. Vegetatio 99/100:107–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitrakos K (1980) A theory for Mediterranean plant life. Acta Oecol Oecol Plant 1:245–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Montoya JM (1993) Encinas y encinares. Agroguías Mundi-Prensa, Madrid

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinol J, Terradas J, Avila A, Rodà F (1995) Using catchments of contrasting hydrological conditions to explore climate change effects on water and nutrient flows in Mediterranean forests. In: Moreno JM, Oechel WC (eds) Global change and Mediterranean-type ecosystems. Springer, New York, pp 371–385

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Pons A, Vernet JL (1971) Une synthèse nouvelle de l’histoire du chêne vert. Bull Soc Bot Fr 118: 841–850

    Google Scholar 

  • Riera-Mora S, Esteban-Amat A (1994) Vegetation history and human activity during the last 6000 years on the central Catalan coast (north-eastern Iberian Peninsula). Veg Hist Archaebot 3:7–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Rivas Martínez S (1987) Memoria del mapa de series de vegetación de España. ICONA, Madrid

    Google Scholar 

  • Romane F, Terradas J (eds) (1992) Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management. Kluwer, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Sala A, Tenhunen JD (1994) Site-specific water relations and stomatal response of Quercus ilex L. in a Mediterranean watershed. Tree Physiol 14:601–617

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sala A, Sabaté S, Gracia C, Tenhunen JD (1994) Canopy structure within a Quercus ilex forested watershed: variations due to location, phenological development and water availability. Trees 8:254–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salleo S, Lo Gullo MA (1990) Sclerophylly and plant water relations in three Mediterranean Quercus species. Ann Bot 65:259–270

    Google Scholar 

  • Savé R, Rabella R, Terradas J (1988) Effects of low temperature on Quercus ilex L. ssp. ilex water relationships. In: Di Castri F, Floret C, Rambal S, Roy J (eds) Time scales and water stress. Proc 5th Int Conf on Mediterranean ecosystems. International Union of Biological Sciences, Paris, pp 1103–1105

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz O (1964) Quercus L. In: Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA (eds) Flora Europaea, vol 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 61–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Seufert G, Kotzias D, Spartà C, Versino B (1995) Volatile organics in Mediterranean shrubs and their potential role in a changing environment. In: Moreno JM, Oechel WC (eds) Global change and Mediterranean-type ecosystems. Springer, New York, pp 343–370

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Jaume Terradas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain

    Ferran Rodà , Javier Retana  & Carlos A. Gracia ,  & 

  2. Department of Ecology Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain

    Juan Bellot

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Terradas, J. (1999). Holm Oak and Holm Oak Forests: An Introduction. In: Rodà, F., Retana, J., Gracia, C.A., Bellot, J. (eds) Ecology of Mediterranean Evergreen Oak Forests. Ecological Studies, vol 137. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58618-7_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58618-7_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63668-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-58618-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation