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Ventrikuläre Tachykardien: Pathomechanismen, klinische Bedeutung, Diagnostik und Therapie

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Interventionelle kardiale Elektrophysiologie

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Zusammenfassung

Die zugrundeliegende Rhythmusstörung beim plötzlichen Herztod ist in der Mehrzahl der Fälle ventrikulären Ursprungs. In 75–85% der Fälle liegt eine Tachyarrhythmie vor, also eine ventrikuläre Tachykardie (VT) oder Kammerflimmern (VF). Das geschädigte Myokard stellt das arrhythmogene Substrat, einen „Nährboden“, für Rhythmusstörungen dar, die durch spezielle Trigger, wie z. B. ventrikuläre Extrasystolen oder einen Anstieg der Herzfrequenz, ausgelöst werden können (Bayes de Luna et al. 1991; Borggrefe et al. 1994; Janse et al. 1991). Nach der Theorie induzieren früh einfallende ventrikuläre Extrasystolen (VES) eine VT, welche schließlich zu Kammerflimmern degeneriert und den plötzlichen Herztod zur Folge hat (Bayes de Luna et al. 1991; Abb. 3-1).

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Fiek, M. (1999). Ventrikuläre Tachykardien: Pathomechanismen, klinische Bedeutung, Diagnostik und Therapie. In: Hoffmann, E., Steinbeck, G. (eds) Interventionelle kardiale Elektrophysiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58522-7_3

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