Skip to main content

Supraventrikuläre Tachykardien: Pathomechanismen, Diagnostik und Therapie

  • Chapter
Book cover Interventionelle kardiale Elektrophysiologie
  • 83 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

In Deutschland wurden 1990 im Durchschnitt mehr als 30 Patienten im Monat von Allgemeinärzten oder Internisten wegen supraventrikulärer Tachyarrhythmien behandelt (Lüderitz u. Manz 1992). Die Behandlung dieser Rhythmusstörungen war bis vor kurzem noch die Domäne der medikamentösen Therapie. Häufiges Therapieversagen, proarrhythmische Effekte und die Notwendigkeit jahrzehntelanger Medikamenteneinnahme haben zur Entwicklung alternativer, d. h. nichtmedikamentöser Therapieverfahren geführt. In den 80er Jahren wurden insbesondere rhythmuschirurgische Verfahren als alternative Therapie eingesetzt (Cox et al. 1985, 1987). Seit Mitte der 80er Jahre standen damit zwar in einigen speziellen Zentren kurative operative Verfahren mit guten Ergebnissen zur Verfügung, jedoch geht die Operation am offenen Herzen mit Thorakotomie und Einsatz der Herz-Lungen-Maschine mit einer nicht unerheblichen Belastung der in der Mehrzahl jungen, sonst herzgesunden Patienten einher. Obwohl bereits 1982 das nichtoperative alternative Therapieverfahren der Katheterablation mit Gleichstrom von Gallagher u. Scheinman erstmals klinisch eingesetzt wurde, fand die Methode in den folgenden Jahren wegen teilweise erheblicher Komplikationen keine wesentliche Verbreitung. Bei dem Verfahren wurde über einen perkutan eingeführten Elektrodenkatheter ein Gleichstromschock auf das zu abladierende myokardiale Substrat abgegeben. Den entscheidenden Durchbruch erlangte die Katheterablation erst Anfang der 90er Jahre durch die Einführung von hochfrequentem Wechselstrom in einem Frequenzbereich zwischen 350 und 750 kHz (Radiofrequenzstrom) als Energiequelle und steuerbaren Kathetern.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Allessie MA, Bonke FIM, Schlopman FJG (1977) Circus movement in rabbit atrial muscle as a mechanism of tachycardia. III. The „leading circle “ concept: A new model of circus movement in cardiac tissue without the involvement of ananatomic obstacle. Circ Res 41: 9–18

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Averill KH, Fosmoe RJ, Lamb LE (1960) Electrocardiographic findings in 67375 asymptomatic subjects. Am J Cardiol 6: 108–129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bardy GH, Coltorti F, Ivey TD et al. (1986) Some factors affecting bubble formation with catheter-mediated defibrillator pulses. Circulation 73/III: 525–538

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bardy GH, Ivey TD, Coltorti F, Stewart RB, Johnson G, Greene HL (1985) Developments, complications, and limitations of catheter-mediated electrical ablation of posterior accessory atrioventricular pathways. Circulation 72: 170–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Becker AE, Anderson RH, Durrer D, Wellens HJJ (1978) The anatomical substrate of WolffParkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 57: 870–879

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benditt DG, Pritchett ELC, Gallagher JJ (1978) Spectrum of regular tachycardias with wide QRS complexes in patients with accessory atrioventricular pathways. Am J Cardiol 42: 828–838

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berkman NL, Lamb LE (1968) The Wolff-Parkinson-White electrocardiogram: A follow up study of five to twenty-eight years. N Engl J Med 278: 492–494

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bharati S, Scheinman MM, Morady F, Hess DS, Lev M (1985) Sudden death after catheter-induced atrioventricular junctional ablation. Chest 88: 883–889

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borggrefe M, Breithardt G (1985) Elektrophysiologische Wirkung von Sotalol bei supraventrikulären Tachykardien. Z Kardiol 74: 506–511

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borggrefe M, Budde T, Podczeck A, Breithardt G (1987) High frequency alternating current ablation of an accessory pathway in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol 10: 576–582

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breithardt G, Borggrefe M, Wiebringhaus E, Seipel L (1984) Effect of propafenone in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: Electrophysiologic findings and long term follow up. Am J Cardiol 54: 29D–39D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Budde T, Borggrefe M, Podczeck A, Breithardt G (1987) Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Katheterablation von tachykarden Herzrhythmusstörungen. Z Kardiol 76: 591–607

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Budde T, Breithardt G, Borggrefe M, Podczeck A, Langwasser J (1987) Erste Erfahrungen mit der Hochfrequenzstrom-Ablation des AV-Leitungssystems beim Menschen. Z Kardiol 76: 204–210

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Calkins H, Niklason L, Sous J, El-Atassi R, Langberg J, Morady F (1991) Radiation exposure during radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular connections. Circulation 84: 2376–2382

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Calkins H, Sousa J, El-Atassi R et al. (1991) Diagnosis and cure of the Wolff-ParkinsonWhite syndrome or paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias during a single electrophysiologic test. N Engl J Med 324: 1612–1618

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators (1989) Preliminary report: Effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 321: 406–413

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen SA, Tai CT, Chiang CE, Ding YA, Chang MS (1998) Focal atrial tachycardia: Reanalysis of the clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics and prediction of successful radiofrequency ablation. J Cardiovas Electrophysiol 9 (4): 355–365

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung K-Y, Walsh TJ, Massie E (1965) Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Am Heart J 69: 116–133

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cobb FR, Blumenschein SC, Sealy WC, Boineau JP, Wagner GS, Wallace AG (1968) Successful surgical interruption of the bundle of Kent in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 38: 1018–1029

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox JL (1985) The status of surgery for cardiac arrhythmias. Circulation 71: 413–418

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox JL, Ferguson TB, Lindsay BD, Cain ME (1990) Perinodal cryosurgery for atrioventricular node reentry tachycardia in 23 patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 99: 440–450

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox JL, Gallagher JJ, Cain ME (1985) Experience with 118 consecutive patients undergoing operation for the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 90: 490–501

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox JL, Holman WL, Cain ME (1987) Cryosurgical treatment of atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia. Circulation 76: 1329–1335

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cruz FES, Cheriex EC, Smeets JLRM et al. (1990) Reversibility of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy after cure of incessant supraventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol 16: 739–744

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis LM, Byth K, Ellis P, McGuire M, Uther JB, Richards DAB, Ross DL (1991) Dimensions of the human posterior septal space and coronary sinus. Am J Cardiol 68: 621–625

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis LM, Byth K, Lau KC, Uther JB, Richard DAB, Ross DL (1992) Accuracy of various methods of localization of the orifice of the coronary sinus at electrophysiologic study. Am J Cardiol 70: 343–346

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Durrer D, Schuilenburg RM, Wellens HJJ (1970) Preexcitation revisited. Am J Cardiol 25: 690–697

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evans GT, Scheinman MM, Bardy G et al. (1991) Predictors of inhospital mortality after DC-catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction. Results of a prospective, international, multicenter study. Circulation 84: 1924–1937

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Evans GT, Scheinman MM, Zipes DP et al. (1988) The percutaneous cardiac mapping and ablation registry: final summary of results. PACE 11 /I: 1621–1624

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisch C (1990) Clinical electrophysiological studies and the Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern. Circulation 82: 1872–1872

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher JD, Brodman R, Waspe LE, Kim SG (1987) Nonsurgical electric ablation (fulguration) of tachycardias. Circulation 75/III: 194–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher JD, Kim SG, Matos JA, Waspe LE, Brodman R, Merav A (1985) Complications of catheter ablation of tachyarrhythmias: Occurrence, protection, prevention. Clin Prog Electrophysiol Pacing 3/IV: 292–298

    Google Scholar 

  • Fitzpatrick AP, Gonzales RP, Lesh MD, Modin GW, Lee RJ, Scheinman MM (1994) New algorithm for the localization of accessory atrioventricular connections using a baseline electrocardiogram. J Am Coll Cardiol 23 /1: 107–116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fiaker GC, Blackshear J, McBride R, Kronal RA, Halperin JL, Hart RG (1992) Anti-arrhythmic drug therapy and cardiac mortality in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 20: 527–532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frank G, Baumgart D, Lowes D et al. (1990) Chirurgische Behandlung des Wolff-Parkin-son-White-Syndroms-Erfahrungen mit 87 operierten Patienten. Z Kardiol 79: 37–45

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher JJ et al. (1978) The preexcitation syndromes. Progr Cardiovasc Dis 20: 285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher JJ, Svenson RH, Kasell JH, German LD, Brady GH, Broughton A, Critelli G (1982) Catheter technique for closed-chest ablation of the atrioventricular conduction system. N Engl J Med 306: 194–200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gindici MC, Fiaker GC, Curtis JJ (1991) Intraoperative myocardial infarction during open-heart ablation of an atrioventricular accessory pathway. PACE 14: 399–403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guiraudon GM, Klein GJ, Sharma AD, Yee R, Kaushik RR, Fujimura O (1990) Skeletonization of the atrioventricular node for AV node reentrant tachycardia: experience with 32 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 49: 565–573

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haines DE, Verow AF (1989) Determinants of lesion size during radiofrequency catheter ablation: Effect of electrode size, contact pressure and duration of energy delivery. PACE 12: 674 (Abstract)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haines DE, Verow AF (1989) The impedance rise during radiofrequency ablation in vivo is prevented by maintaining an electrode tip temperature below the boiling point. Circulation 80 [Suppl II]: II-42 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Haines DE, Verow AF (1990) Observations on electrode-tissue interface temperature and effect on electrical impedance during radiofrequency ablation of ventricular myocardium. Circulation 82: 1034–1038

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haines DE, Watson DD (1989) Tissue heating during radiofrequency catheter ablation: a thermodynamic model and observations in isolated perfused and superfused canine right ventricular free wall. PACE 12: 962–976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haines DE, Watson DD, Verow AF (1990) Electrode radius predicts lesion radius during radiofrequency energy heating. Circ Res 67: 124–129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harvey M, Kim Y-N, Sousa J, El-Atassi R, Morady F, Calkins H, Langberg JJ (1992) Impedance monitoring during radiofrequency catheter ablations in humans. PACE 15: 22–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hindricks G, Haverkamp W, Gülker U, Budde T, Richter KD, Borggrefe M, Breithardt G (1989) Radiofrequency coagulation of ventricular myocardium: Improved prediction of lesion size by monitoring catheter tip temperature. Eur Heart J 10: 972–984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hindricks G on behalf of the Multicentre European Radiofrequency Survey (MERFS) Investigators (1993) The multicentre european radiofrequency survey (MERFS): Complications of radiofrequency catheter ablation of arrhythmias. Eur Heart J 14: 1644–1653

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann E, Bach P, Haberl R, Mattke S, Steinbeck G (1992) Antiarrhythmische and proarrhythmische Effekte einer oralen Cibenzolintherapie bei anhaltenden ventrikulären Tachykardien. Z Kardiol 81: 389–393

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SKS (1991) Advances in applications of radiofrequency current to catheter ablation therapy. PACE 14: 28–42

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SKS, Bharati S, Graham AR, Lev M, Marcus FI, Odell RS (1987) Closed chest catheter desiccation of the atrioventricular junction using radiofrequency energy-a new method of catheter ablation. J Am Coll Cardiol 9: 349–358

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SKS, Bharati S, Lev M, Marcus FI (1987) Electrophysiologic and histologic observations of chronic atrioventricular block induced by closed-chest catheter desiccation with radiofrequency energy. PACE 10: 805–816

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SKS, Graham AR, Wharton K (1988) Radiofrequency catheter ablation of the left and right ventricles: anatomic and electrophysiologic observations. PACE 11: 449–459

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hung J, Kelly DT, Hutton BF, Uther JB, Baird DK (1981) Influence of heart rate and atrial transport on left ventricular volume and function: Relation to hemodynamic changes produced by supraventricular arrhythmia. Am J Cardiol 48: 632–638

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jackman WM, Wang X, Friday KJ et al. (1991) Catheter ablation of atrioventricular junction using radiofrequency current in 17 patients. Comparison of standard and large-tip electrodes. Circulation 83: 1562–1576

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jackman WM, Wang X, Friday KJ et al. (1991) Catheter ablation of accessory atrioventri-cular pathways (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) by radiofrequency current. N Engl J Med 324: 1605–1611

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalbfleisch SJ, Langberg JJ (1992) Catheter ablation with radiofrequency energy: Biophysical aspects and clinical applications. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 3: 173–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kannel WB, Abbott RD, Savage PD, McNamara P (1982) Epidemiologic features of chronic atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 306: 1018–1022

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein GJ, Bashore TM, Sellers TD, Pritchett ELC, Smith WM, Gallagher JJ (1979) Ventricular fibrillation in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. N Engl J Med 301: 1080–1085

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein GJ, Prystowsky EN, Yee R, Sharma AD, Laupacis A (1989) Asymptomatic Wolff-Par-kinson-White: Should we intervene? Circulation 80: 1902–1905

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuck KH, Schlüter M (1991) Single-catheter approach to radiofrequency current ablation of left-sided accessory pathways in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 84: 2366–2375

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuck KH, Schlüter M, Geiger M, Siebels J, Duckeck W (1991) Radiofrequency current catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular pathways. Lancet 337: 1557–1561

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kunze KP, Schlüter M, Costard A, Nienaber CA, Kuck KH (1985) Right atrial thrombus formation after transvenous catheter ablation of the atrioventricular node. J Am Coll Cardiol 6: 1428–1430

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langberg JJ, Lee MA, Chin MC, Rosenquvist M (1990) Radiofrequency catheter ablation: The effect of electrode size on lesion volume in vivo. PACE 13: 1242–1248

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee BI, Rodriguez ER, Notargiocomo A, Ferrans VJ, Chen Y, Fletcher RD (1986) Thermal effects of laser and electrical discharge on cardiovascular tissue: Implications for coronary artery recanalisation and endocardial ablation. J Am Coll Cardiol 8: 193–200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lesh MD, Van Hare GF, Epstein LM, Fitzpatrick AP, Scheinman MM, Lee RJ, Kwasman MA, Grogin HR, Griffin JC (1994) Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias. Circulation 89: 1074–1089

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis RV, Irvine N, McDevitt DG (1988) Relationships between heart rate, excercise tolerance and cardiac output in atrial fibrillation, the effects of treatment with digoxin, verapamil and diltiazem. Eur Heart J 9: 777–781

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lüderitz B, Manz M (1992) Pharmacologic treatment of supraventricular tachycardia: The german experience. Am J Cardiol 70: 66A–74A

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lunel AAV (1972) Significance of annulus fibrosus of heart in relation to AV conduction and ventricular activation in cases of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Br Heart J 34: 1263–1271

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahomed Y, King RD, Zipes DP, Miles WM, Prystowsky EN, Heger JJ, Brown JW (1988) Surgical division of Wolff-Parkinson-White pathways utilizing the closed-heart technique: A 2 year experience in 47 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 45: 495–504

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mancini GBJ, Goldberger AL (1982) Cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: Consideration of embolization, anticoagulation, prophylactic pacemaker, and long term success. Am Heart J 104: 617–621

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manz M, Kuhl AJ, Luderitz B (1985) Sotalol bei supraventrikulärer Tachykardie. Elektrophysiologische Messungen bei Wolff-Parkinson-White-Syndrom und AV-Knoten-Reentrytachykardie. Z Kardiol 74: 500–505

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moe GK, Preston JB, Burlington H (1956) Physiologic evidence for a dual A-V transmission system. Circ Res 4: 357–375

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neuss H, Schlepper M, Thormann J (1975) Analysis of re-entry mechanisms in three patients with concealed Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 51: 75–81

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olshansky B, Okumura K, Hess PG, Waldo AL (1990) Demonstration of an area of slow conduction in human atrial flutter. J Am Coll Cardiol 16: 1639–1648

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Organ LW (1976) Electrophysiologic principles of radiofrequency lesion making. Appl Neurophysiol 39: 69–76

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Page PL, Pelletier LC, Kaltenbrunner W, Vitali E, Roy D, Nadeau R (1990) Surgical treat-ment of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 100: 83–87

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pecson RD, Roth DA, Mark VH (1969) Experimental temperature control of radiofrequency brain lesion size. J Neurosurg 30: 703–707

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peters NS, Rowland E, Bennett JG, Green CR, Anderson RH, Severs NJ (1992) Cellular morphology and basis for conduction in accessory atrioventricular pathways in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation 86: I-425 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Podrid PJ, Lampert S, Grayboys TB, Blatt CM, Lown B (1987) Aggravation of arrhythmia by antiarrhythmic drugs-incidence and predictors. Am J Cardiol 59: 38E–44E

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poty H, Saoudi N, Haissaguerre M, Abdou D, Clementy J, Letac B (1996) Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial tachycardias.Am Heart J 131 (3): 481–489

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reidenbach HD (1983) Hochfrequenz-und Lasertechnik in der Medizin. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Reth J, Kruschwitz H, Müllenborn D (1986) Grundlagen der Elektrotechnik. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig Wiesbaden

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosen KM, Mehta A, Miller RA (1974) Demonstration of dual atrioventricular nodal pathways in man. Am J Cardiol 33: 291–294

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenbaum F, Hecht HH, Wilson FN, Johnstone FD (1945) The potential variations of the thorax and the esophagus in anomalous atrioventricular excitation (Wolff-ParkinsonWhite syndrome). Am Heart J 29: 281–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saksena S (1989) Catheter ablation of tachycardias with laser energy: issues and answers. PACE 12/II: 196–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheinman MM, Davis JC (1986) Catheter ablation for treatment of tachyarrhythmias: present role and potential promise. Circulation 73: 10–13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheinman MM, Morady F, Hess DS, Gonzalez R (1982) Catheter-induced ablation of the atrioventricular junction to control refractory supraventricular arrhythmias. DAMA 248: 851–855

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sealy WC, Hattler BG, Blumenschein SC, Cobb FR (1969) Surgical treatment of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg 8: 1–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sousa J, El-Atassi R, Rosenheck S, Calkins H, Langberg JJ, Morady F (1991) Radiofrequency catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction from the left ventricle. Circulation 84: 567–571

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinbeck G (1983) Differentialdiagnose der Herzrhythmusst rungen. Tachykarde Rhythmusst rungen. In: Herzrhythmusst rungen. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (Handbuch der Inneren Medizin, Bd IX11, S 617–642)

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinbeck G (1986) Intrakardiale Ableitung und programmierte Stimulation. In: Lüderitz B (Hrsg) Herzschrittmacher. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 120–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinbeck G, Doliwa R, Bach P (1988) Treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with digoxin alone or digoxin plus antiarrhythmic drugs? Dtsch Med Wochenschr 113: 1867–1871

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang CW, Scheinman MM, Van Hare GF, Epstein LM, Fitzpatrick AP, Lee Rj, Lesh MD (1995) Use of P wave configuration during atrial tachycardia to predict site of origin. JACC 26 (5): 1315–1324

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taysanoglu S, Ozenel E (1985) Ice-water washcloth rather than facial emersion (diving reflex) for supraventricular tachycardia in adults (letter). Am J Cardiol 56: 1003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vaughan Williams EM (1984) A classification of antiarrhythmic actions reassessed after a decade of new drugs. J Clin Pharmacol 24: 129–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Vedel J, Frank R, Fontaine G, Fournial JF, Grosgogeat Y (1979) Bloc auriculo-ventriculaire intra-hisien definitif induit au cours dune exploration endoventriculaire droite. Arch Mal Coeur 72: 107–112

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Velebit V, Podrid P, Lown B, Cohen BH, Graboys TB (1982) Aggravation and provocation of ventricular arrhythmias by antiarrhythmic drugs. Circulation 65: 886–894

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waldo AL (1990) Atrial flutter; New directions in management and mechanism. Circulation 81: 1142–1143

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warin JF, Haissaguerre M, D`Ivernois C, Lemetayer P, Montserrat P (1990) Catheter ablation of accessory pathways: Technique and results in 248 patients. PACE 13 /I: 1609–1614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waxman HL, Myerburg RJ, Appel R, Sung RJ (1981) Verapamil for control of ventricular rate in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation or flutter: A double-blind randomized cross-over study. Ann Intern Med 94: 1–6

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wellens HJ, Bär FW, Dassen WRM, Brugada P, Vanagt EJ, Farre J (1980) Effect of drugs in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Am J Cardiol 46: 665–669

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wellens HJ, Schuilenburg RM, Durrer D (1972) Electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 46: 216–226

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolff L, Parkinson J, White PD (1930) Bundle-branch block with short P-R interval in healthy young people prone to paroxysmal tachycardia. Am Heart J 5: 685–704

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu D, Denes P, Amat-Y-Leon F et al. (1978) Clinical, electrocardiographic and electrophy-siologic observations in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 41: 1045–1051

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zervas NT, Kuwayama A (1972) Pathological characteristics of experimental thermal lesions. Comparison of induction heating and radiofrequency electrocoagulation. J Neurosurg 37: 418–422

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zipes DP (1988) Specific arrhythmias. In: Braunwald E (ed) Heart disease. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 671–692

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hoffmann, E. (1999). Supraventrikuläre Tachykardien: Pathomechanismen, Diagnostik und Therapie. In: Hoffmann, E., Steinbeck, G. (eds) Interventionelle kardiale Elektrophysiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58522-7_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58522-7_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63630-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-58522-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics