Abstract
The conventional wisdom among large Japanese companies has been to import raw materials and components to produce value-added goods for the world market. In the face of global competition, this export-oriented strategy is giving way to a FDI-oriented approach. The internal evolution of Japanese companies means previously immobile production factors are now being located in the most efficient overseas production base: The closed corporate groupings (keiretsu) are giving way to strategic alliances. Economies of network are complementing economies of scale and scope. The internal evolution of Japanese companies is providing a partial answer to the business challenges they face in the 21st century.
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Tachiki, D.S. (1999). Modes of Corporate Internationalization: Japanese FDI Strategies in Asia-Pacific. In: Dirks, D., Huchet, JF., Ribault, T. (eds) Japanese Management in the Low Growth Era. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58257-8_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58257-8_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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