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The Endothelium as an Immune Organ: Active Player and Passive Target?

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Book cover Immune Response in the Critically Ill

Part of the book series: Update in Intensive Care Medicine ((UICMSOFT,volume 31))

Abstract

The vascular endothelium lines the vascular tree and covers several square meters. One of its characteristics is its heterogeneity, which actually makes it difficult to discuss ‘the endothelial cell’ and to draw conclusions on results from different types of experiment. Endothelial cells are no longer considered as passive bystanders, but play a central role in the coordination of the inflammatory response. Endothelial cells are dynamic participants in the communication with circulating blood cells, acting as doorkeepers in blood cell margination and extravasation. Endothelial cells are important sites of synthesis of mediators including those providing an adequate vascular tone. Endothelial cells further regulate coagulation and fibrinolysis, maintain selective permeability and at the same time serve as target cells for many substances released during traumatic and septic shock [1]. Endothelial cell regulated vascular growth is beyond the scope of this chapter. Since only a few endothelial cells are circulating [2], it is difficult to monitor their status, and this will be discussed further below.

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  1. Department of Clinical Traumatology, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute, Vienna, Austria

    H. Redl

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  1. Department of Surgery Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto General Hospital University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    John C. Marshall MD (Professor of Surgery) (Professor of Surgery)

  2. Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Division of Investigative Science, Imperial College School of Medicine Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK

    Jonathan Cohen FRCP, FRCPath, FRCPE, FMedSci (Chairman) (Chairman)

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Redl, H. (2002). The Endothelium as an Immune Organ: Active Player and Passive Target?. In: Marshall, J.C., Cohen, J. (eds) Immune Response in the Critically Ill. Update in Intensive Care Medicine, vol 31. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57210-4_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57210-4_20

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