Abstract
Are plants stacked neutrophils? Curious question, one might think. However, after reading some up-to-date reviews on the topic of plant pathogen defense the idea becomes inescapable. In literature, on journal covers [e.g., Plant & Cell Physiol 38 (10), 1997], in congress presentations and, we fear, also in the minds of scientists, the NADPH oxidase complex known from neutrophil phagolysosomes has been transplanted, complete with all its regulatory components, to the plasma membrane (PM) of plants. In other words, the plant defense system is proposed to be a clone of the mammalian’s oxidative burst.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abo A, Pick E (1991) Purification and characterization of a third cytosolic component of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of macrophages. J Biol Chem 266:23577–23585
Abo A, Pick E, Hall A, Totty N, Teahan CG, Segal AW (1991) Activation of the NADPH oxidase involves the small GTP binding protein p21 rac 1. Nature 353:668–670
Alfano JR, Collmer A (1996) Bacterial pathogens in plants: life up against the wall. Plant Cell 8:1683–1698
Allan A, Fluhr R (1997) Two distinct sources of elicited reactive oxygen species in tobacco epidermal cells. Plant Cell 9:1559–1572
Anderson MD, Chen ZX, Klessig DF (1998) Possible involvement of lipid peroxidation in salicylic acid-mediated induction of PR-1 gene expression. Phytochemistry 47:555–566
Anderson RS, Paynter KT, Burreson EM (1992) Increased reactive oxygen intermediate production by hemocytes withdrawn from Crassostrea virginica infected with Perkinsus marinus. Biol Bull 183:476–481
Anderson RS, Brubacher LL, Calvo LMR, Burreson EM, Unger MA (1997) Effect of in vitro exposure to tributyltin on generation of oxygen metabolites by oyster hemocytes. Environ Res 74:84–90
Ando S, Kaibuchi I, Sasaki T, Hiraoka K, Nishiyama T, Mizuno T, Asada M, Nunoi H, Matsuda I, Polakis P, Mc Cornick F, Takai Y (1992) Post translational processing of rac p21s from its inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein (Rho GDI) followed by its translocation to the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 267:25709–25713
Apostol I, Heinstein PF, Low PS (1989) Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of cultured plant cells. Plant Physiol 90:109–116
Asard H, Venken M, Caubergs RJ, Reijnders W, Oltmann FL, De Greef JA (1989) b-Type cytochromes in higher plant plasma membranes. Plant Physiol 90:1077–1083
Asard H, Horemans N, Preger V, Trost P (1998) Plasma membrane b-type cytochromes. In: Asard H, Bérczi A, Caubergs R (eds) Plasma membrane redox systems and their role in biological stress and disease. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 1–31
Askerlund P, Larsson C, Widell S (1989) Cytochromes of plant plasma membranes. Characterization by absorbance difference spectrophotometry and redox titration. Physiol Plant 76:123–134
Auh CK, Murphy TM (1995) Plasma membrane redox enzyme is involved in the synthesis of O2 and H2O2 by Phytophthora elicitor-stimulated rose cells. Plant Physiol 107:1241–1247
Babior B (1992) The respiratory burst oxidase. Adv Entymol Relat Areas Mol Biol 65:49–95
Bach M, Schnitzler JP, Seitz HU (1993) Elicitor-induced changes in Ca2+ influx, K+ efflux and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid synthesis in protoplasts of Daucus carota. Plant Physiol 103:407–412
Baker CJ, Orlandi EW, Anderson AJ (1997) Oxygen metabolism in plant cell culture/bacteria interactions: role of bacterial concentration and H2O2-scavenging in survival under biological and artificial oxidative stress. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 51:401–415
Baker CJ, Deahl K, Domek J, Orlandi EW (1998) Oxygen metabolism in plant/bacteria interactions: effect of DPI on the pseudo-NAD(P)H oxidase activity of peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 252:461–464
Beffa R, Meins F (1996) Pathogenesis-related functions of plant beta-1,3-glucanases investigated by antisense transformation — a review. Gene 179:97–103
Bestwick CS, Brown IR, Bennett HR, Mansfield JW (1997) Localization of hydrogen peroxide accumulation during hypersensitive reaction of lettuce cells to Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. Plant Cell 9:209–221
Bestwick CS, Brown IR, Mansfield JW (1998) Localized changes in peroxidase activity accompany hydrogen peroxide generation during the development of a nonhost hypersensitive reaction in lettuce. Plant Physiol 118:1067–1078
Bi YM, Kenton P, Mur L, Darby R, Draper J (1995) Hydrogen peroxide does not function downstream of salicylic acid in the induction of PR protein expression. Plant J 8:235–245
Bokoch GM (1993) Biology of the Rap proteins, members of the Ras superfamily of GTP-bindings. Biochem J 289:17–24
Bokoch GM, Quilliam LA, Bohl BP, Jesaitis AJ, Quinn MT (1991) Inhibition of Rap 1A binding to cytochrome b558 of NADPH oxidase by phosphorylation of Rap 1A. Science 254:1794–1796
Boller T (1995) Chemoperception of microbial signals in plant cells. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 46:189–214
Bolwell GP (1996) The origin of the oxidative burst in plants. Biochem Soc Trans 24:438–442
Bolwell GP, Wojtaszek P (1997) Mechanism for the generation of reactive oxygen species in plant defence: a broad perspective. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 51:347–366
Bolwell GP, Butt V, Davies DR, Zimmerlin A (1995) The origin of the oxidative burst in plants. Free Rad Res 23:517–532
Bolwell GP, Gerrish C, Salaun JP (1997) Changes in enzymes involved in suberisation in elicitortreated French bean cells. Phytochemistry 45:1351–1357
Bolwell GP, Davies DR, Gerrish C, Auh C-K, Murphy TM (1998) Comparative biochemistry of the oxidative burst produced by rose and French bean cells reveals two distinct mechanisms. Plant Physiol 116:1379–1385
Boudet AM (1998) A new view of lignification. Trends Plant Sci 3:67–71
Bramble LH, Anderson RS (1998) A comparison of the chemiluminescent response of Crassostrea virginica and Morone saxatilis phagocytes to zymosan and viable Listonella anguillarum. Dev Comp Immunol 22:55–61
Broekaert WF, Cammue BPA, Debolle MFC, Thevissen K, Desamblanx GW, Osborn RW (1997) Antimicrobial peptides from plants. Crit Rev Plant Sci 16:297–323
Brown I, Trethowan J, Kerry M, Mansfield J, Bolwell GP (1998) Localization of components of the oxidative cross-linking of glycoproteins and of callose synthesis in papillae formed during the interaction between non-pathogenic strains of Xanthomonas campestris and French bean mesophyll cells. Plant J 15:333–343
Cakmak I, van de Wetering DAM, Marschner H, Bienfait HF (1987) Involvement of superoxide radical in extracellular ferric reduction by iron-deficient bean roots. Plant Physiol 85:310–314
Cech P, Lehrer RI (1984) Phagolysosomal pH of human neutrophils. Blood 63:88–95
Chandra S, Low PS (1995) Role of phosphorylation in elicitation of the oxidative burst in cultured soybean cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:4120–4123
Chandra S, Martin GB, Low PS (1996) The Pto kinase mediates a signaling pathway leading to the oxidative burst in tomato. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:13393–13397
Chandra S, Stennis M, Low PS (1997) Measurement of Ca2+ fluxes during elicitation of the oxidative burst in aequorin-transformed tobacco cells. J Biol Chem 272:28274–28280
Chen CL, Ratcliffe NA, Rowley AF (1993) Detection, isolation and characterization of multiple lectins from the haemolymph of the cockroach Blaberus discoidalis. Biochem J 294:181–190
Chen Z, Silva H, Klessig DF (1993) Active oxygen species in the induction of plant systemic acquired resistance by salicylic acid. Science 262:1883–1886
Chen Z, Malamy J, Henning J, Conrath U, Sanchez-Casas P, Silva H, Ricigliano J, Klessig DF (1995) Induction, modification, and transduction of the salicylic acid signal in plant defense responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:4134–4137
Chen ZX, Iyer S, Caplan A, Klessig DF, Fan BF (1997) Differential accumulation of salicylic acid and salicylic acid-sensitive catalase in different rice tissues. Plant Physiol 114:193–201
Chetty M, Thrasher AJ, Abo A, Casimir CM (1995) Low NADPH oxidase activity in Epstein-Barr-virus-immortalized B-lymphocytes is due to a post-transcriptional block in expression of cytochrome b558. Biochem J 306:141–145
Chrispeels MJ, Raikhel NV (1991) Lectins, lectin genes, and their role in plant defense. Plant Cell 3:1–9
Collen J, Pedersen M (1994) A stress-induced oxidative burst in Eucheuma platycladum (Rhodophyta). Physiol Plant 92:417–422
Conrath U, Chen Z, Ricigliano JR, Klessig DF (1995) Two inducers of plant defense responses, 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid and salicylic acid, inhibit catalase activity in tobacco. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:7143–7147
Conrath U, Silva H, Klessig DF (1997) Protein dephosphorylation mediates salicylic acid-induced expression of PR-1 genes in tobacco. Plant J 11:747–757
Conrath U, Klessig DF, Bachmair A (1998) Tobacco plants perturbed in the ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation system accumulate callose, salicylic acid, and patho-genesis-related protein 1. Plant Cell Rep 17:876–880
Cook D, Dreyer D, Bonnet D, Howell M, Nony E, VandenBosch K (1995) Transient induction of a peroxidase gene in Medicago trunculata precedes infection by Rhizobium meliloti. Plant Cell 7:43–55
Cooper JM, Petty RK, Hayes DJ, Challiss RA, Brosnan MJ, Shoubridge EA, Radda GK, Morgan-Huges JA, Clark JB (1988) An animal model of mitochondrial myopathy: a biochemical and physiological investigation of rats treated in vivo with the NADH-CoQ reductase inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium. J Neurol Sci 83:335–347
Cooper JM, Hayes DJ, Challiss RA, Morgan-Hughes JA, Clark JB (1992) Treatment of experimental NADH ubiquinone reductase deficiency with menadione. Brain 115:991–1000
Córdoba MC, Serrano A, Córdoba F, González-Reyes JA, Navas P, Villalba JM (1996) Topography of the 27- and 31-kDa electron transport proteins in the onion root plasma membrane. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 216:1054–1059
Corneille S, Cournac L, Guedeney G, Havaux M, Peltier G (1998) Reduction of the plastoquinone pool by exogenous NADH and NADPH in higher plant chloroplasts. Characterization of a NAD(P)H-plastoquinone oxidoreductase activity. Biochim Biophys Acta 1363:59–69
Cross AR, Jones OTG (1986) The effect of the inhibitor diphenylene iodonium on the superoxide-generating system of neutrophils: specific labelling of a component polypeptide of the oxidase. Biochem J 237:111–116
Cross AR, Jones OTG, Harper AM, Segal WA (1981) Oxidation-reduction properties of the cytochrome b found in the plasma-membrane fraction of human neutrophils. A possible oxidase in the respiratory burst. Biochem J 194:599–606
Dagher MC, Fuchs A, Bourmeyster N, Jouan A, Vignais PV (1995) Small G proteins and the neutrophil NADPH oxidase. Biochimie (Paris) 77: 651–660
Dancis A, Roman DG, Andersen GJ, Hinnenbusch AG Klaussner RD (1992) Ferric reductase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: molecular characterization, role in iron uptake, and transcriptional control by iron. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:3869–3873
Dangl JL (1992) The major histocompatibility complex a-la-carte — are there analogies to plant disease resistance genes on the menu. Plant J 2:3–11
Dangl JL, Preuss D, Schroeder JI (1995) Talking through walls: signaling in plant development. Cell 83:1071–1077
Dangl JL, Dietrich RA, Richberg MH (1996) Death don’t have no mercy: Cell death programs in plant-microbe interactions. Plant Cell 8:1793–1807
Davis AR, Mascolo PL, Bunger PL, Sipes KM, Quinn MT (1998) Cloning and sequencing of the bovine flavocytochrome b subunit proteins, gp91-phox and p22-phox: Comparison with other known flavocytochrome b sequences. J Leucocyte Biol 64:114–123
Davis D, Merida J, Legendre L, Low PS, Heinstein P (1993) Independent elicitation of the oxidative burst and phytoalexin formation in cultured plant cells. Phytochemistry 32:607–611
Dempsey DA, Klessig DF (1995) Signals in plant disease resistance. Bull Inst Pasteur 93:167–186
Desikan R, Hanncock JT, Coffey MJ, Neill SJ (1996) Generation of active oxygen in elicited cells of Arabidopsis thaliana is mediated by a NADPH oxidase-like enzyme. FEBS Lett 382:213–217
Desikan R, Reynolds A, Hancock JT, Neill SJ (1998a) Harpin and hydrogen peroxide both initiate programmed cell death but have differential effects on defence gene expression in Arabidopsis suspension cultures. Biochem J 330:115–120
Desikan R, Burnett EC, Hancock JT, Neill SJ (1998b) Harpin and hydrogen peroxide induce the expression of a homologue of gp91-phox in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cultures. J Exp Bot 49:1767–1771
Devlin WS, Gustine DL (1992) Involvement of the oxidative burst in phytoalexin accumulation and the hypersensitive reaction. Plant Physiol 100:1189–1195
De Wit PJGM (1992) Molecular characterization of gene-for-gene systems in plantfungus interactions and the application of avirulence genes in control of plant pathogens. Annu Rev Phytopathol 30:391–418
Didsbury J, Weber RF, Bokoch GM, Evans T, Snyderman R (1989) Rac, a novel ras-related family of proteins that are botulinium toxin substrates. J Biol Chem 264:16378–16381
Diekmann W, Herkt B, Low PS, Nürnberger T, Scheel D, Terschuren C, Robinson DG (1994) Visualization of elicitor-binding loci at the plant cell surface. Planta 195:126–137
Döring O, Lüthje S (1996) Molecular components and biochemistry of electron transport in plant plasma membranes. Mol Membr Biol 13:127–142
Döring O, Lüthje S, Böttger M (1998) To be or not to be — a question of plasma membrane redox? Prog Bot 59:328–354
Doussiere J, Vignais PV (1992) Diphenylene iodonium as an inhibitor of the NADPH oxidase complex of bovine neutrophils. Factors controlling the inhibitory potency of diphenylene iodonium in a cell-free system of oxidase activation. Eur J Biochem 208:61–71
Doussiere J, Buzenet G, Vignais PV (1995) Photoaffinity labeling and photoinactivation of the O2 (−)-generating oxidase of neutrophils by an azido derivative of FAD. Biochemistry 34:1760–1770
Dukan S, Touati D (1996) Hypochlorous acid stress in Escherichia coli: resistance, DNA damage, and comparison with hydrogen peroxide stress. J Bacteriol 178:6145–6150
Durner J, Klessig DF (1995) Inhibition of ascorbate peroxidase by salicylic acid and 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid, two inducers of plant defense responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:11312–11316
Durner J, Klessig DF (1996) Salicylic acid is a modulator of tobacco and mammalian catalases. J Biol Chem 271:28492–28501
Durner J, Shah J, Klessig DF (1997) Salicylic acid and disease resistance in plants. Trends Plant Sci 2:266–274
Durner J, Wendehenne D, Klessig DF (1998) Defense gene induction in tobacco by nitric oxide, cyclic GMP, and cyclic ADP-ribose. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:10328–10333
Dwyer SC, Legrende L, Low PS, Leto TL (1996) Plant and human neutrophil oxidative burst complexes contain immunologically related proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta 1289:231–237
Ebel J, Mithöfer A (1998) Early events in the elicitation of plant defence. Planta 206:335–348
Ecklund EA, Jalava A, Kakar R (1998) PU.l, interferon regulatory factor 1, and interferon consensus sequence-binding protein cooperate to increase gp91(phox) expression. J Biol Chem 273:13957–13965
Elstner EF (1990) Der Sauerstoff. BI Wissenschaftsverlag, Mannheim
Faust LR, El Benna J, Babior BM, Channock SJ (1995) The phosphorylation targets of p47phox, a subunit of the respiratory burst oxidase. Function of the individual target serines as evaluated by site-directed mutagenesis. J Clin Invest 96:1499–1505
Federico R, Angelini R (1986) Occurrence of diamine oxidase in the apoplast of pea epicotyls. Planta 167:300–302
Felix G, Regenass M, Boller T (1993) Specific perception of subnanomolar concentrations of chitin fragments by tomato: induction of extracellular alkalinization, changes in protein phosphorylation, and establishment of a refractory state. Plant J 4:307–316
Feng S, Chep JK, Yu H, Simon JA, Schneiber SI (1994) Two binding orientations for peptide to the Sre SH3 domain: development of a general model for SH3-ligand interactions. Science 266:1241–1247
Flor HH (1947) Host-parasite interactions in flax-rust — its genetics and other implications. Phytopathology 45:680–685
Frahry G, Schopfer P (1998) Inhibition of O2-reducing activity of horseradish peroxidase by diphenyleneiodonium. Phytochemistry 48:223–227
Freeman JL, Lambeth JD (1996) NADPH oxidase activity is independent of p47phox in vitro. J Biol Chem 271:22578–22582
Friedrich L, Vernooij B, Gaffney T, Morse A, Ryals J (1995) Characterization of tobacco plants expressing a bacterial salicylate hydroxylase gene. Plant Mol Biol 29:959–968
Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1996) Plant cell responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: getting to the roots of the symbiosis. Plant Cell 8:1871–1883
Gilchrist DG (1998) Programmed cell death in plant disease: the purpose and promise of cellular suicide. Annu Rev Phytopathol 36:393–414
Glazener JA, Orlandi EW, Baker CJ (1996) The active oxygen response of cell suspensions to incompatible bacteria is not sufficient to cause hypersensitive cell death. Plant Physiol 110:759–763
Greenberg JT (1997) Programmed cell death in plant-pathogen interactions. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 48:525–545
Greenberg JT, Guo AL, Klessig DF, Ausubel FM (1994) Programmed cell death in plants: apathogen-triggered response activated coordinately with multiple defense functions. Cell 77:551–563
Grogan A, Reeves E, Keep NH, Wientjes F, Totty N, Burlingame AL, Hsuan J, Segal AW (1997) Cytosolic phox proteins interact with and regulate the assembly of coronin in neutrophils. J Cell Sci 110:3071–3081
Groom QJ, Torres MA, Fordham-kelton AP, Hammond-osack KE, Robinson NJ, Jones DJ (1996) RbohA, a rice homolouge of the mammalian gp91phox respiratory burst oxidase gene. Plant J 10:515–522
Gross GG, Janse C, Elstner EF (1977) Involvement of malate, monophenols, and the superoxide radical in hydrogen peroxide formation by isolated cell walls from horseradish (Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib.). Planta 136:271–276
Guerrini F, Lombini A, Bizarri M, Pupillo P (1994) The effect of calcium chelators on microsomal pyridine nucleotide-linked dehydrogenases of sugarbeet cells. J Exp Bot 45:1227–1233
Guo ZJ, Ohta Y (1994) Effect of ethylene biosynthesis on the accumulation of 6-methoxymellein induced by elicitors in carrot cells. J Plant Physiol 144:700–704
Guo ZJ, Lamb C, Dixon RA (1997) Release and biological activity of diffusible signal compounds from elicited plant cells. J Plant Physiol 151:699–710
Guo ZJ, Lamb C, Dixon RA (1998a) Potentiation of the oxidative burst and isoflavonoid phytoalexin accumulation by serine protease inhibitors. Plant Physiol 118:1487–1494
Guo ZJ, Lamb C, Dixon RA (1998b) A serine protease from suspension-cultured soybean cells. Phytochemistry 47:547–553
Hagedoorn MJM, Poortinga AM, Wong Fong Sang HW, van der Plas LHW, van Walraven HS (1991) Effect of elicitors on the plasma membrane of Petunia hybrida cell suspensions. Plant Physiol 96:1261–1267
Hahlbrock K, Scheel D, Logemann E, Nürnberger T, Parniske M, Reinold S, Sacks WR, Schmelzer E (1995) Oligopeptide elicitor-mediated defense gene activation in cultured parsley cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:4150–4157
Hahn MG (1996) Microbial elicitors and their receptors in plants. Annu Rev Phytopathol 34:387–412
Halliwell B (1978) Lignin synthesis: the generation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide by horseradish peroxidase and its stimulation by manganese (II) and phenols. Planta 140:81–88
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1989) Free radicals in biology and medicine, 2nd edn. Clarendon Press, Oxford
Hammond-Kosack KE, Jones JDG (1996) Resistance gene-dependent plant defense responses. Plant Cell 8:1773–1791
Hammond-Kosack KE, Jones JDG (1997) Plant disease resistance genes. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 48:575–607
Handelsman J, Stabb EV (1996) Biocontrol of soil-borne plant pathogens. Plant Cell 8:1855–1869
Heiser I, Osswald W, Elstner EF (1998a) The formation of reactive oxygen species by fungal and bacterial Phytotoxins. Plant Physiol Biochem 36: 703–713
Heiser I, Osswald W, Baker R, Nemec S, Elstner EF (1998b) Activation of Fusarium naphthazarin toxins and other p-quinones by reduced thioctic acid. J Plant Physiol 153:276–280
Henderson LM (1998) Role of histidines identified by mutagenesis in the NADPH oxidase-associated H+ channel. J Biol Chem 273:33216–33223
Henderson LM, Chappell JB (1996) NADPH oxidase of neutrophils. Biochim Biophys Acta 1273:87–107
Henderson LM, Banting G, Chappell JB (1995) The arachidonate-activable, NADPH oxidase-associated H+ channel. Evidence that gp91-phox function is an essential part of the channel. J Biol Chem 270:5909–5916
Henderson LM, Thomas S, Banting G, Chappell JB (1997) The arachidonate-activable, NADPH oxidase-associated H+ channel is contained with the multi-membrane-spanning N-terminal region of gp91phox. Biochem J 325:701–705
Herouart D, Sigaud S, Moreau S, Frendo P, Touati D, Puppo A (1996) Cloning and characterization of the katA gene of Rhizobium meliloti encoding a hydrogen peroxide-inducible catalase. J Bacteriol 178:6802–6809
Heyworth PG, Knaus UG, Xu X, Uhlinger DJ, Conroy L., Bokoch GM, Curnutte JT (1993) Requirements for post-translational processing of Rac GTP-binding proteins for activation of human neutrophil NADPH oxidase. Mol Biol Cell 4:261–269
Hoffmann JA, Janeway CA, Natori S (eds) (1994) Phylogenetic perspectives in immunology: the insect host defense. RG Landes, Austin
Hutcheson SW (1998) Current concepts of active defense in plants. Annu Rev Phytopathol 36:59–90
Itou T, Iida T, Kawatsu H (1998) Evidence for the existence of cytochrome b558 in fish neutrophils by polyclonal anti-peptide antibody. Devel Comp Immunol 22:433–437
Iwanaga S, Kawabata S, Muta T (1998) New types of clotting factors and defense molecules found in horseshoe crab hemolyph: their structures and functions. J Biochem 123:1–15
Jabs T, Dietrich RA, Dangl JL (1996) Initiation of runaway cell death in an Arabidopsis mutant by extracellular superoxide. Science 273:1853–1856
Jabs T, Tschöpe M, Colling C, Hahlbrock K, Scheel D (1997) Elicitor-stimulated ion fluxes and O2− from the oxidative burst are essential components in triggering defense gene activation and phytoalexin synthesis in parsley. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:4800–4805
Jackson AO, Taylor CB (1996) Plant-microbe interactions: life and death at the interface. Plant Cell 8:1651–1668
Jones OTG (1994) The regulation of superoxide production by the NADPH oxidase of neutrophils and other mammalian cells. Bioessays 16:919–923
Jones SA, Wood JD, Coffey MJ, Jones OTG (1994) The functional expression of p47-phox and p67-phox may contribute to the generation of superoxide by an NADPH oxidase-like system in human fibroblasts. FEBS Lett 355:178–182
Jones SA, Hanock JT, Jones OTG, Neubauer A, Topley N (1995a) The expression of NADPH oxidase components in human glomerular mesanglial cells: detection of protein and mRNA for p47phox, p67phox, and p22phox J Am Soc Nephrol 5:1483–1491
Jones OTG, Jones SA, Wood JD (1995b) Expression of components of the superoxide generating NADPH oxidase by human leucocytes and other cells. Protoplasma 184:79–85
Jones SA, O’Donnell VB, Wood JD, Broughton JP, Hughes EJ, Jones OTG (1996) Expression of phagocyte NADPH oxidase components in human endothelial cells. Am J Physiol 40:H1626–H1634
Joseph G, Gorzalczany Y, Koshkin V, Pick E (1994) Inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation by synthetic peptides mapping within the carboxyl-terminal domain of small GTP-binding proteins. Lack of amino acid sequence specificity and importance of polybasic motif. J Biol Chem 269:29024–29031
Kauss H, Jeblick W (1996) Influence of salicylic acid on the induction of competence for H2O2 elicitation. Plant Physiol 111:755–763
Keen NT (1990) Gene-for-gene complementarity in plant-pathogen interactions. Annu Rev Genet 24:447–463
Keen NT, Buzzell RI (1991) New disease resistance genes in soybean against Pseudomonas syringae PV Glycinea — evidence that one of them interacts with a bacterial elicitor. Theor Appl Genet 81:133–138
Keller T, Damude HG, Werner D, Doerner P, Dixon RA, Lamb C (1998) A plant homolog of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase gp91phox subunit gene encodes a plasma membrane protein with Ca2+ binding motifs. Plant Cell 10:255–266
Kieffer F, Simon-Plas F, Maume BF, Blein JP (1997) Tobacco cells contain a protein, immunologically related to the neutrophil small G protein Rac2 and involved in elicitor-induced oxidative burst. FEBS Lett 403:149–153
Kikuyama M, Kuchitsu K, Shibuya N (1997) Membrane depolarization induced by N-acetylchitooligosaccharide elicitor in suspension-cultured rice cells. Plant Cell Physiol 38:902–909
Klebanoff SJ (1992) Oxygen metabolites from phagocytes. In: Gallin JG, Goldstein IM, Snydman R (eds), Inflammation: basic principles and clinical correlates, 2nd edn. Raven Press, New York, pp 541–588
Knaus UG, Heyworth PG, Evans T, Curnutte JT, Bokoch GM (1991) Regulation of phagocate oxygen radical production by the GTP binding protein Rac 2. Science 254:1512–1515
Knogge W (1996) Fungal infection of plants. Plant Cell 8:1711–1722
Koshkin V (1995a) Spatial and electrogenic properties of superoxide-producing cytochrome b-599 incorporated into liposomes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1229:329
Koshkin V (1995b) Aerobic and anaerobic functioning of superoxide-producing cytochrome b-559 reconstituted with phospholipids. Biochim Biophys Acta 1232:225–229
Koshkin V, Pick E (1993) Generation of superoxide by purified and replidated cytochrome-b559 in the absence of cytosolic activators. FEBS Lett 327:57–62
Koshkin V, Lotan O, Pick E (1997) Electron transfer in the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex reconstituted in vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta 1319:139–146
Kuchitsu K (1993) N-Acetylchitooligosaccharides, biotic elicitor for phytoalexin production, induce transient membrane depolarization in suspension-cultured rice cells. Protoplasma 174:79–81
Kwong CH, Malech HL, Rotrosen D, Leto TL (1993) Regulation of the human neutrophil NADPH oxidase by Rho-related proteins. Biochemistry 32:5711–5717
Lamb C, Dixon RA (1997) The oxidative burst in plant disease resistance. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 48:251–275
Leon J, Yalpani N, Raskin I, Lawton MA (1993) Induction of benzoic acid 2-hydroxylase in virus-inoculated tobacco. Plant Physiol 103:323–328
Leon J, Lawton MA, Raskin I (1995) Hydrogen peroxide stimulates salicylic acid biosynthesis in tobacco. Plant Physiol 108:1673–1678
Leon J, Rojo E, Titarenko E, Sanchez-Serrano JJ (1998) Jasmonic acid-dependent and — independent wound signal transduction pathways are differentially regulated by Ca2+/calmodulin in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Gen Genet 258:412–419
Leto LT, Adams AG, De Mendez I (1994) Assembly of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase: binding of Sre homology 3 domains to proline-rich targets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:10650–10654
Leusen JH, Bolscher BG, Hilarius PM, Weening RS, Kaulfersch W, Seger Ra, Roos D, Verhoeven AJ (1994) 156Pro → Gln substitution in the light chain of cytochrome b558 of the human NADPH oxidase (p22phox) leads to defective translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47phox and p67phox. J Exp Med 180:2329–2334
Levine A, Tenhaken R, Dixon R, Lamb C (1994) H2O2 from the oxidative burst orchestrates the plant hypersensiive disease resistance response. Cell 79:583–593
Levine A, Penell RI, Alvarez ME, Palmer R, Lamb C (1996) Calcium-mediated apoptosis in a plant hypersensitive disease resistance response. Curr Biol 6:427–437
Lim WA, Richards FM, Fox RO (1994) Structural determinants of peptide binding orientation and of sequence specifity in SH3 domains. Nature 372:375–379
Lindner WA, Hoffmann C, Griesbach H (1988) Rapid elicitor-induced chemiluminescence in soybean cell suspension cultures. Phytochemistry 27:2501–2503
Lopez-Delgado H, Dat JF, Foyer CH, Scott IM (1998) Induction of thermotolerance in potato microplants by acetylsalicylic acid and H2O2. J Exp Bot 49:713–720
Luster DG, Buckhout T (1989) Purification and identification of a plasma membrane associated electron transport protein from maize (Zea mays L.) roots. Plant Physiol 911:1014–1019
Lüthje S, Böttger M (1995) On the function of a K-type vitamin in plasma membranes of maize (Zea mays L.) roots. Mitt Inst Allg Bot Hamb 25:5–13
Lüthje S, Döring O, Heuer S, Lüthen H, Böttger M (1997) Oxidoreductases in plant plasma membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1331:81–102
Lüthje S, Van Gestelen P, Córdoba-Pedregosa MC, González-Reyes JA, Asard H, Villalba JM, Böttger M (1998) Quinones in plant plasma membranes — a missing link? Protoplasma 205: 43–51
Macri F, Braidot E, Petrussa E, Zancani M, Vianello A (1992) Ferrie ion and oxygen reduction at the surface of protoplasts and cells of Acer pseudoplatanus. Bot Acta 105:97–103
Majander A, Finel M, Wikstrom M (1994) Diphenylene iodonium inhibits reduction of iron-sulfur clusters in the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I). J Biol Chem 269:21037–21042
Malamy J, Sanchez-Casas P, Hennig J, Guo AL, Klessig DF (1996) Dissection of the salicylic acid signaling pathway in tobacco. Mol Plant — Microbe Interact 9:474–482
Marre MT, Amicucci E, Zignarelli L, Albergoni F, Marre E (1998) The respiratory burst and electrolyte leakage induced by sulfhydryl blockers in Egeria densa leaves are associated with H2O2 production and are dependent on Ca2+ influx. Plant Physiol 118:1379–1387
Mathieu Y, Kurkdjian A, Xia H, Guern J, Koller A, Spiro MD, O’Neill M, Albersheim P, Darvill A (1991) Membrane responses induced by ologogalacturonides in suspension-cultured tobacco cells. Plant J 1:333–343
May MJ, Hammond-Kosack KE, Jones JDG (1996) Involvement of reactive oxygen species, glutathione metabolism, and lipid peroxidation in the Cf-gene-dependent defense response of tomato cotyledons induced by race-specific elicitors of Cladosporiumfulvum. Plant Physiol 110:1367–1379
Mehdy MC (1994) Active oxygen species in plant defense against pathogens. Plant Physiol 105:467–472
Mehdy MC, Sharma YK, Sathasivan K, Bays NW (1996) The role of activated oxygen species in plant disease resistance. Physiol Plant 98:365–374
Morel F, Doussiére J, Vignais PV (1991) The superoxide-generating oxidase of pahagocytic cells. Eur J Biochem 201:523–546
Murphy TM, Auh CK (1992) Phytophthora elicitor inhibits ferricyanide reduction by cultured rose cells. Environ Exp Bot 32:487–496
Murphy TM, Auh CK (1996) The superoxide synthases of plasma membrane preparations from cultured rose cells. Plant Physiol 110:621–629
Murphy TM, Vu H, Nguyen T (1998) The superoxide synthases of rose cells. Plant Physiol 117:1301–1305
Nada A, Grindstein S, Curnett JT (1993) Abnormal activation of H+ conductance in NADPH oxidase-defective neutrophils. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:760–764
Neuenschwander U, Vernooij B, Friedrich L, Uknes S, Kessmann H, Ryals J (1995) Is hydrogen peroxide a second messenger of salicylic acid in systemic acquired resistance? Plant J 8:227–233
Nunoi H, Rotrosen D, Gallin JI, Malech HL (1988) Two forms of autosomal chronic granulomatous disease lack distinct neutrophil cytosol factors. Science 242:1298–1301
Nürnberger T, Nennstiel D, Jabs T, Sacks WR, Hahlbrock K, Scheel D (1994) High affinity binding of a fungal oligopeptide elicitor to parsley plasma membranes triggers multiple defense responses. Cell 78:449–460
O’Donnell VB, Tew DG, Jones OTG, England PJ (1993) Studies on the inhibitory mechanism of iodonium compounds with special references to neutrophil NADPH oxidase. Biochem J 290:41–49
O’Donnell VB, Smith GCM, Jones OTG (1994) Involvement of phenyl radicals in iodonium compound inhibition of flavoenzymes. Mol Pharmacol 46:778–785
Ogawa K, Kanematsu S, Asada K (1996) Intra- and extra-cellular localization of “cyto-solic” CuZn-superoxide dismutase in spinach leaf and hypocotyl. Plant Cell Physiol 37:790–799
Ogawa K, Kanematsu S, Asada K (1997) Generation of superoxide anion and localization of CuZn-superoxide dismutase in the vascular tissue of spinach hypocotyls: their association with lignification. Plant Cell Physiol 38:1118–1126
Olson PD, Varner JE (1993) Hydrogen peroxide and lignification. Plant J 4:887–892
Osbourn AE (1996) Preformed antimicrobial compounds and plant defense against fungal attack. Plant Cell 8:1821–1831
Otte O, Barz W (1996) The elicitor-induced oxidative burst in cultured chickpea cells drives the rapid insolubilization of two cell wall structural proteins. Planta 200:238–246
Otter T, Polie A (1994) The influence of apoplastic ascorbate on the activities of cell wall-associated peroxidase and NADH oxidase in needles of Norway spruce (Picea abies L). Plant Cell Physiol 35:1231–1238
Park JW, Ma M, Ruedi JM, Smith JM, Babior BM (1992) The cytosolic components of the respiratory burst oxidase exists as a Mr-240,000 complex that acquires a membrane-binding site during activation of the oxidase in a cell-free system. J Biol Chem 267:17327–17332
Parkos CA, Allen RA, Cochrane CG, Jesaitis AJ (1987) Purified cytochrome b from human granulocyte plasma membrane is comprised of two polypeptides with relative molecular weights of 91,000 and 22,000. J Clin Invest 80:732–742
Pawlowski K, Bisseling T (1996) Rhizobial and actinorhizal symbioses: what are the shared features? Plant Cell 8:1899–1913
Pupillo P, Valenti V, DeLuca L, Hertel R (1986) Kinetic characterization of reduced pyridine nucleotide dehydrogenases (duroquinone-dependent) in Cucurbita microsomes. Plant Physiol 80:384–389
Quinn MT, Bokoch GM (1995) Measurement of Rac translocation from cytosol to membranes in activated neutrophils. Methods Enzymol 256: 256–267
Quinn MT, Parkos CA, Walker L, Orkin SH, Dinauer MC Jesaitis AJ (1989a) Association of Ras-related protein with cytochrome b of human neutrophils. Nature 342:198–200
Quinn MT, Parkos CA, Jesaitis AJ (1989b) The lateral organization of components of the membrane skeleton and superoxide generation in the plasma membrane of stimulated human neutrophils. Biochim Biophys Acta 987:83–94
Quinn MT, Mullen ML, Jesaitis AJ, Linner JG (1992) Subcellular distribution of the RaplA protein in human neutrophils — colocalization and cotranslocation with cytochrome-b 559. Blood 79:1563–1573
Quinn MT, Parkos CA, Jesaitis AJ (1995) Purification of human neutrophil NADPH oxidase cytochrome b-558 and association with RaplA. Methods Enzymol 255:476–487
Ratcliffe NA (1985) Invertebrate immunity — a primer for the non-specialist. Immunol Lett 10:253–270
Ravel P, Lederer F (1993) Affinity-abeling of an NADPH-binding site on the heavy subunit of flavocytochrome b558 in particulate NADPH oxidase from activated human neutrophils. Biochem Biophy Res Commun 196:543–552
Ren R, Mayer BJ, Ciccheti P, Baltimore D (1993) Identification of a ten-amino acid proline-rich SH3 binding site. Science 259:1157–1161
Renwrantz L, Schmalmack W, Redel R, Friebel B, Schneeweiss H (1996) Conversion of phenolaoxidase and peroxidase indicators in individual hemocytes of Mytilus edulis specimens and isolation of phenoloxidase from hemocyte extract. Environ Parasitol 165:647–658
Roberts DM (1993) Protein kinase with calmodulin-like domains: novel targets of calcium in plants. Curr Opin Cell Biol 5:242–246
Roberts J, Quastel JH (1964) Oxidation of reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide by guinea pig polymorhonuclear leucocytes. Nature 202:85–86
Roberts TH, Fredlund KM, Moller IM (1995) Purification and characterization of an NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase from Glycine max seedlings. Prep Biochem 25:57–57
Robertson D, Davies DR, Gerrish C, Jupe SC, Bolwell GP (1995) Rapid changes in oxidative metabolism as a consequence of elicitor treatment of suspension-cultured cells of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L). Plant Mol Biol 27:59–67
Roman DG, Dancis A, Anderson GJ, Klausner RD (1993) The fission yeast ferric reductase gene frp1+ is required for ferric uptake and encodes a protein that is homologous to the gp91-phox subunit of the human NADPH phagocyte oxidoreductase. Mol Cell Biol 13:4342–4350
Roos W, Dordschbal B, Steighardt J, Hieke M, Weiss D, Saalbach G (1999) A redox-dependent, G-protein-coupled phospholipase A of the plasma membrane is involved in the elicitation of alkaloid biosynthesis in Eschscholtzia californica. Biochim Biophys Acta 1448:390–402
Rossi F (1986) The O2 forming NADPH oxidase of the phagocytes: nature, mechanism of activation and function. Biochim Biophys Acta 853:65–89
Rotrosen D, Leto TL (1990) Phosphorylation of neutrophil 47-kDa cytosolic factor. Translocation to membrane is associated with distinct phosphorylation events. J Biol Chem 265:19910–19915
Rotrosen D, Yeung CL, Leto TL, Malech HL, Kwong CH (1992) Cytochrome b588: the flavin-binding component of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase. Science 256:1459–1462
Rowley AF, Lloyd-Evans P, Barrow SE, Serhan CN (1994) Lipoxin biosynthesis by trout macrophages involves the formation of epoxide intermediates. Biochemistry 33:856–863
Royer-Pokora B, Kunkel LM, Monaco AP, Goff SC, Newburger PE, Baehner RL, Cole FS, Curnutte JT, Orkin SH (1986) Cloning the gene for an inherited human disorder — chronic granulomatous disease — on the basis of ist chromosomal location. Nature 322:32
Rüffer M, Steipe B, Zenk MH (1995) Evidence against specific binding of salicylic acid to plant catalase. FEBS Lett 377:175–180
Rusterucci C, Stallaert V, Milat ML, Pugin A, Ricci P, Blein JP (1996) Relationship between active oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, necrosis, and phytoalexin production induced by elicitins in Nicotiana. Plant Physiol 111:885–891
Ryals J, Lawton KA, Delaney TP, Friedrich L, Kessmann H, Neuenschwander U, Uknes S, Vernooij B, Weymann K (1995) Signal transduction in systemic acquired resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:4202–4205
Ryals J, Weymann K, Lawton K, Friedrich L, Ellis D, Steiner HY, Johnson J, Delaney TP, Jesse T, Vos P, Uknes S (1997) The Arabidopsis NIM1 protein shows homology to the mammalian transcription factor inhibitor IkB. Plant Cell 9:425–439
Ryals JA, Neuenschwander UH, Willits MG, Molina A, Steiner HY, Hunt MD (1996) Systemic acquired resistance. Plant Cell 8:1809–1819
Ryan CA, Pearce G (1998) Systemin: a polypeptide for plant defense genes. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 14:1–17
Sanchez M, Queijeiro E, Revilla G, Zarra I (1997) Changes in ascorbic acid levels in apoplastic fluid during growth of pine hypocotyls. Effect on peroxidase activities associated with cell walls. Physiol Plant 101:815–820
Sathyamoorthy M, de Mendez I, Adams AG, Leto TL (1997) p40phox down-regulates NADPH oxidase activity through interactions with its SH3 domain. J Biol Chem 272:9141–9146
Scheel D, Parker JE (1990) Elicitor recognition and signal transduction in plant defense gene activation. Z Naturforsch 45:569–575
Schinkel H, Streller S, Wingsle G (1998) Multiple forms of extracellular superoxide dismutase in needles, stem tissues and seedlings of Scots pine. J Exp Bot 49:931–936
Schwacke R, Hager A (1992) Fungal elicitors induce a transient release of active oxygen species from cultured spruce cells that is dependent on Ca2+ and protein-kinase activity. Planta 187:136–141
Scott-Craig JS, Kerby KB, Stein BD, Somerville SC (1995) Expression of an extracellular peroxidase that is induced in barley (Hordeum vulgare) by the powdery mildew pathogen (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei). Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 47:407–418
Segal AW (1995) The NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells is an electrogenic pump that alkalinizes the phagocytic vacuole. Protoplasma 184:86–103
Segal AW, Abo A (1993) The biochemical basis of the NADPH oxidase of phagocytes. TIBS 18:43–47
Segal AW, Geisow M, Garcia R, Harper A, Miller R (1981) The respiratory burst of phagocytic cells is associated with a rise in vacuolar pH. Nature 290: 406–409
Segal AW, Heyworth PG, Cockcroft S, Barrowman MM (1985) Stimulated neutrophils from patiens with autosomal recssive chronic granulomatous disease fail to phosphorylate a Mr 44,000 protein. Nature 316:547–549
Segal AW, West I, Wientjes F, Nugent JHA, Haley B, Garcia RC, Rosen H, Scarce G (1992) Cytochrome b-245 is a flavocytochrome containing FAD anf the NADPH-binding site of the microbicidal oxidase of phagocytes. Biochem J 284:781–788
Segal AW, Wientjes F, Stockley R, Dekker LV (1998) Components of the NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells and their abnormality in the molecular pathology of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). In: Asard H, Bérczi A, Caubergs R (eds) Plasma membrane redox systems and their role in biological stress and disease. Kluwer, Dodrecht, pp 69–101
Serrano A, Córdoba F, Gonzáles-Reyes JA, Navas P, Villalba JM (1995) Purification and characterization of two distinct NAD(P)H dehydrogenases from onion (Allium cepa L.) root plasma membrane. Plant Physiol 106:87–96
Shatwell KP, Dancis A, Cross AR, Klaussner RD, Segal AW (1996) The FREI ferric reductase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a cytochrome b similar to that of NADPH oxidase. J Biol Chem 271: 14240–14244
Shi JR, Bhattacharyya MK (1996) A novel plasma membrane-bound thioredoxin from soybean. Plant Mol Biol 32:653–662
Shirasu K, Nakajima H, Rajasekhar VK, Dixon RA, Lamb C (1997) Salicylic acid potentiates an agonist-dependent gain control that amplifies pathogen signals in the activation of defense mechanisms. Plant Cell 9:261–270
Shulaev V, Silverman P, Raskin I (1997) Airborne signalling by methyl salicylate in plant pathogen resistance. Nature 385:718–721
Söderhall K, Cerenius L (1998) Role of the prophenoloxidase-activating system in invertebrate immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 10:23–28
Sparla F, Tedeschi G, Pupillo P, Trost P (1998) Molecular characterisation of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase of tobacco leaves. Protoplasma 205:52–58
Spiro MD, Cosgrove DJ (1997) Oligogalacturonides induce rapid responses in the roots of intact cucumber seedlings. Plant Physiol 114 (Suppl):260–261
Sticher L, Hofsteenge J, Milani A, Neuhaus JM, Meins F (1992) Vacuolar chitinases of tobacco — a new class of hydroxyproline-containing proteins. Science 257:655–657
Sticher L, Mauch-Mani B, Metraux JP (1997) Systemic acquired resistance. Annu Rev Phytopathol 35:235–270
Sumimoto H, Kage Y, Nunoi H, Sasaki H, Nose T, Fukumaki Y, Ohno M, Minakami S, Takeshige K (1994) Role of Sre homology 3 domains in assembyl and activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase. J Biol Chem 91:5345–5349
Sundaresan M, Yu ZX, Ferrans VJ, Sulciner DJ, Gutkind JS, Irani K, Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, Finkel T (1996) Regulation of reactive-oxygen-species generation in fibroblasts by Racl. Biochem J 318:379–382
Sutherland MW (1991) The generation of oxygen radicals during host plant responses to infection. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 39:79–93
Suzuki S, Kumatori A, Haagen IA, Fuji Y, Sadat MA, Jun HL, Tsuji Y, Roos D, Nakamura M (1998) PU.l as an essential activator for the expression of gp91(phox) gene in human peripheral neutrophils, monocytes, and B lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:6085–6090
Takahama U (1993) Regulation of peroxidase-dependent oxidation of phenolics by ascorbic acid — different effects of ascorbic acid on the oxidation of coniferyl alcohol by the apoplastic soluble and cell wall-bound peroxidases from epicotyls of Vigna angularis. Plant Cell Physiol 34:809–817
Takahama U, Oniki T (1992) Regulation of peroxidase-dependent oxidation of phenolics in the apoplast of spinach leaves by ascorbate. Plant Cell Physiol 33:379–387
Takahashi H, Chen ZX, Du H, Liu YD, Klessig DF (1997) Development of necrosis and activation of disease resistance in transgenic tobacco plants with severely reduced catalase levels. Plant J 11:993–1005
Tanaka T, Imajoh-Ohmi S, Kanegasaki S, Takagi Y, Makino R, Ishimura Y (1990) A 63-kilodalton cytosolic polypeptide involved in superoxide generation in porcine neutrophils. J Biol Chem 265:18717–18720
Tavernier E, Wendehenne D, Blein JP, Pugin A (1995) Involvement of free calcium in action of cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor of hypersensitive reaction in tobacco cells. Plant Physiol 109:1025–1031
Teahan C, Rowe P, Parker P, Totty N, Segal AW (1987) The X-linked chronic granulomatous disease gene codes for the β-chain of cytochrome b 245. Nature 327:720–721
Teahan CG, Totty N, Casimir CM, Segal AW (1990) Purification of the 47 kDa phosphoprotein associated with the NADPH oxidase of human neutrophils. Biochem J 267:485–489
Tenhaken R, Rübel C (1997) Salicylic acid is needed in hypersensitive cell death in soybean but does not act as a catalase inhibitor. Plant Physiol 115: 291–298
Tenhaken R, Rübel Ch (1998) Cloning of putative of the soybean plasma membrane NADPH-oxidase involved in the oxidative burst by the antibody expression screening. Protoplasma 205:21–28
Tenhaken R, Thulke O (1996) Cloning of an enzyme that synthesizes a key nucleotidesugar precursor of hemicellulose biosynthesis from soybean: UDP-glucose dehydrogenase. Plant Physiol 112:1127–1134
Tenhaken R, Levine A, Brisson LF, Dixon RA, Lamb C (1995) Function of the oxidative burst in hypersensitive disease resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:4158–4163
Thain JF, Gubb IR, Wildon DC (1995) Depolarization of tomato leaf cells by oligogalacturonide elicitors. Plant Cell Environ 18:211–214
Torres MA, Onouchi H, Hamada S, Machida C, Hammond-Kosack KE, Jones JDG (1998) Six Arabidopsis thaliana homologues of the human respiratory burst oxidase [gp91(phox)]. Plant J 14:365–370
Trost P, Foscarini S, Preger V, Bonora P, Vitale L, Pupillo P (1997) Dissecting the diphenylene iodonium-sensitive NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase of zucchini plasma membranes. Plant Physiol 114:737–746
Tsunawaki S, Kagara S, Yoshikawa K, Yoshida LS, Kuratsuji T, Namiki H (1996) Involvement of p40phox in activation of phagocyte NADPH oxidase through association of its carboxy-terminal, but not its amino-terminal, with p67phox. J Exp Med 184:893–902
Valenti V, Minardi P, Guerrini F, Mazzucchi U, Pupillo P (1989) Increase of plasma membrane NADH-duroquinone reductase in tobacco leaves treated with protein-lipopolysaccharide complexes. Plant Physiol Biochem 27:569–576
Valenti V, Guerrini F, Pupillo P (1990) NAD(P)H-duroquinone reductase in the plant plasma membrane. J Exp Bot 41:183–192
Van Camp W, Van Montagu M, Inze D (1998) Comment: H2O2 and NO: redox signals in disease resistance. Trends Plant Sci 3:330–334
Van Gestelen P, Asard H, Caubergs R (1997) Solubilization and separation of a plant plasma membrane NADPH-O2 synthase from other NAD(P)H oxidoreductases. Plant Physiol 115:543–550
Van Gestelen P, Asard H, Horemans N, Caubergs RJ (1999) Superoxide producing NAD(P)H-oxidases in plasma membrane vesicles from elicitor responsive bean plants. Physiol Plant 104:653–660
Vanacker H, Carver TLW, Foyer CH (1998) Pathogen-induced changes in the antioxidant status of the apoplast in barley leaves. Plant Physiol 117:1103–1114
VanEtten HD, Mansfield JW, Bailey JA, Farmer EE (1994) Two classes of plant antibiotics: phytoalexins versus ‘phytoanticipins’. Plant Cell 6:1191–1192
van Huystee RB, Zheng X (1995) Peanut peroxidase, its location and extensin, coniferyl oxidation. Plant Physiol Biochem 33:55–60
Vera-Estrella R, Barkla BJ, Higgins VJ, Blumwald E (1994a) Plant defense response to fungal pathogens — activation of host-plasma membrane H+-ATPase by elicitor-induced enzyme dephosphoryation. Plant Physiol 104:209–215
Vera-Estrella R, Higgins VJ, Blumwald E (1994b) Plant defense response to fungal pathogens. II. G-protein-mediated changes in host plasma membrane redox reactions. Plant Physiol 106:97–102
Vernooij B, Friedrich L, Morse A, Reist R, Kolditz-Jawhar R, Ward E, Uknes S, Kessmann H, Ryals J (1994) Salicylic acid is not the translocated signal responsible for inducing systemic acquired resistance but is required in signal transduction. Plant Cell 6:959–965
Vianello A, Macri F (1989) NAD(P)H oxidation elicits anion superoxide formation in radish plasmalemma vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta 980:202–208
Vianello A, Macri F (1991) Generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide at the surface of plant cells. J Bioenerg Biomembr 23:409–423
Vianello A, Zancani M, Macri F (1990) Hydrogen peroxide formation and iron ion oxidoreduction linked to NADH oxidation in radish plasmalemma vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta 1023:19–24
Vianello A, Zancani M, Nagy G, Macri F (1995) Guaiacol peroxidase associated to soybean root plasma membranes oxidizes ascorbate. J Plant Physiol 150:573–577
Volpp B, Nauseef WM, Clark RA (1988) Two cytosolic neutrophil oxidase components absent in autosomal chronic granulomatous disease. Science 242:1295–1297
Wallach TM, Segal AW (1997) Analysis of glycosylation sites on gp91phox, the flavocytocrome of the NADPH oxidase, by site-directed mutagenesis and translation in vitro. Biochem J 321:583–585
Weiss SJ (1989) Tissue destruction by neutrophils. N Engl J Med 320:365–376
Wendehenne D, Binet MN, Blein JP, Ricci P, Pugin A (1995) Evidence for specific, high-affinity binding sites for a proteinaceous elicitor in tobacco plasma membrane. FEBS Lett 374:203–207
Wendehenne D, Durner J, Chen ZX, Klessig DF (1998) Benzothiadiazole, an inducer of plant defenses, inhibits catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. Phytochemistry 47:651–657
Wientjes FB, Hsuan JJ, Totty NF, Segal AW (1993) p40phox, a third cytosolic component of the activation complex of the NADPH oxidase to contain SH3 domains. Biochem J 296:557–562
Wientjes FB, Panayotou G, Reeves E, Segal AW (1996) Interactions between cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase-p40phox interacts with both p67phox and p47phox. Biochem J 317:919–924
Xing T, Higgins VJ, Blumwald E (1996) Regulation of plant defense response to fungal pathogens: two types of protein kinases in the reversible phosphorylation of the host plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Plant Cell 8:555–564
Xing T, Higgins VJ, Blumwald E (1997a) Identification of G proteins mediating fungal elicitor- induced dephosphorylation of host plasma membrane H+-ATPase. J Exp Bot 48:229–237
Xing T, Higgins VJ, Blumwald E (1997b) Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum promote translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells. Plant Cell 9:249–259
Yamazaki I, Yokota K (1973) Oxidation states of peroxidase. Mol Cell Biochem 2:39–52
Yang YO, Shah J, Klessig DF (1997) Signal perception and transduction in defense responses. Genes Dev 11:1621–1639
Yu L, Quinn MT, Cross AR, Dinauer MC (1998) Gp91phox is the heme binding subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:7993–7998
Zhang S, Klessig DF (1998a) Resistance gene N-mediated de novo synthesis and activation of a tobacco mitogen-activated protein kinase by tobacco mosaic virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:7433–7438
Zhang S, Klessig DF (1998b) The tobacco wounding-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase is encoded by SIPK. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:7225–7230
Zhang SQ, Klessig DF (1997) Salicylic acid activates a 48-kD MAP kinase in tobacco. Plant Cell 9:809–824
Zhang ZG, Collinge DB, Thordal-Christensen H (1995) Germin-like oxalate oxidase, a H2O2-producing enzyme, accumulates in barley attacked by the powdery mildew fungus. Plant J 8:139–145
Zimmerlein A, Jupe SC, Bolwell GP (1995) Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding a stress—inducible protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) catalytic subunit from French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plant Mol Biol 28:363–368
Zimmermann S, Nürnberger T, Frachisse JM, Wirtz W, Guern J, Hedrich R, Scheel D (1997) Receptor-mediated activation of a plant Ca2+-permeable ion channel involved in pathogen defense. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:2751–2755
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lüthje, S., Böttger, M., Döring, O. (2000). Are Plants Stacked Neutrophiles? Comparison of Pathogen-Induced Oxidative Burst in Plants and Mammals. In: Esser, K., Kadereit, J.W., Lüttge, U., Runge, M. (eds) Progress in Botany. Progress in Botany, vol 61. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57203-6_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57203-6_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-52371-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-57203-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive