Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fetal Hydrops

  • Chapter
Perinatal Imaging

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

Abstract

Hydrops fetalis is a nonspecific end stage of various fetal, placental and maternal diseases. It corresponds to excessive fluid accumulation in at least two fetal compartments, including the peritoneal, pleural and pericardial serous cavities, subcutaneous tissue, and placenta (Gembruch and Holzgreve 2001). Isolated fluid accumulation (pleural effusion, ascites, pericardial effusion) is usually not considered as hydrops even if it may be the first sign of it.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anandakumar C, Biswas A, Wong YC, et al (1996) Management of non-immune hydrops: 8 years’ experience. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 8:196–200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Apkon M (1995) Pathophysiology of hydrops fetalis. Semin Perinatol 19:437–446

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arcasoy MO, Gallagher PG (1995) Hematologic disorders and nonimmune hydrops fetalis. Semin Perinatol 19:502–515

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barron SD, Pass RF (1995) Infectious causes of hydrops fetalis. Semin Perinatol 19: 493–501

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi DW, Crombleholme TM, d’ Alton ME (2000a) Immune hydrops. In: Bianchi DW, Crombleholme TM, d’ Alton ME (eds) Fetology: diagnosis and management of the fetal patient. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 953–958

    Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi DW, Crombleholme TM, d’Alton ME (2000b) Nonimmune hydrops fetalis. In: Bianchi DW, Crombleholme TM, d’Alton ME (eds) Fetology: diagnosis and management of the fetal patient. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 959–965

    Google Scholar 

  • Bullard KM, Harrison MR (1995) Before the horse is out of the barn: fetal surgery for hydrops. Semin Perinatol 19:462–473

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Groot CJ, Oepkes D, Egberts J, Kanhai HH (2000) Evidence of endothelium involvement in the pathophysiology of hydrops fetalis? Early Hum Dev 57:205–209

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elchalal U, Ezra Y, Levi Y, et al (2000) Sonographically thick placenta: a marker for increased perinatal risk — a prospective cross-sectional study. Placenta 21:268–272

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forouzan I (1997) Hydrops fetalis: recent advances. Obstet Gynecol Surv 52:130–138

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gembruch U, Holzgreve W (2001) The fetus with nonimmune hydrops fetalis. In: Harrison MR (ed) The unborn patient: the art and science of fetal therapy, 3rd edn, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 525–582

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh A, Tang MH, Lam YH, Fung E, Chan V (1994) Ultrasound measurement of placental thickness to detect pregnancies affected by homozygous alpha-thalassaemia-1. Lancet 344:988–989

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert GL (2000) Parvovirus B19 infection and its significance in pregnancy. Commun Dis Intell 24(Suppl):69–71

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Graf JL, Albanese CT, Jennings RW, Farrell JA, Harrison MR (2000) Successful fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma resection in a hydropic fetus. J Pediatr Surg 35:1489–1491

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heinonen S, Ryynanen M, Kirkinen P (2000) Etiology and outcome of second trimester non-immunologic fetal hydrops. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 79:15–18

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iskaros J, Jauniaux E, Rodeck C (1997) Outcome of nonimmune hydrops fetalis diagnosed during the first half of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 90:321–325

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jauniaux E (1997) Diagnosis and management of early nonimmune hydrops fetalis. Prenat Diagn 17:1261–1268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jauniaux E, Ogle R (2000) Color Doppler imaging in the diagnosis and management of chorioangiomas. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 15:463–467

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones DC (1995) Nonimmune fetal hydrops: diagnosis and obstetrical management. Semin Perinatol 19:447–461

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan JA (1996) Identification of human parvovirus B19 infection in idiopathic nonimmune hydrops fetalis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 174:37–42

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keeling JW (1991) Hydrops fetalis and other forms of excess fluid collection in the fetus. In: Wigglesworth JS, Singer DB (eds) Textbook of fetal and perinatal pathology. Blackwell Scientific, Boston, pp 429–454

    Google Scholar 

  • Knilans TK (1995) Cardiac abnormalities associated with hydrops fetalis. Semin Perinatol 19:483–492

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knisely AS (1995) The pathologist and the hydropic placenta, fetus, or infant. Semin Perinatol 19:525–531

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ko TM, Tseng LH, Hsu PM, Hwa HL, Lee TY, Chuang SM (1995) Ultrasonographic scanning of placental thickness and the prenatal diagnosis of homozygous alpha-thalassemia 1 in the second trimester. Prenat Diagn 15:7–10

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lallemand AV, Doco-Fenzy M, Gaillard DA (1999) Investigation of nonimmune hydrops fetalis: multidisciplinary studies are necessary for diagnosis — review of 94 cases. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2:432–439

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Machin GA (1989) Hydrops revisited: literature review of 1,414 cases published in the 1980s. Am J Med Genet 34:366–390

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazeron MC, Cordovi-Voulgaropoulos L, Perol Y (1994) Transient hydrops fetalis associated with intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection: prenatal diagnosis. Obstet Gynecol 84:692–694

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCoy MC, Katz VL, Gould N, Kuller JA (1995) Non-immune hydrops after 20 weeks’ gestation: review of 10 years’ experience with suggestions for management. Obstet Gynecol 85:578–582

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDonnell M, Hannam S, Devane SP (1998) Hydrops fetalis due to ABO incompatibility. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 78:F220–F221

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McMahan MJ, Donovan EF (1995) The delivery room resuscitation of the hydropic neonate. Semin Perinatol 19:474–482

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Midgley DY, Harding K (2000) The mirror syndrome. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 88:201–202

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norton ME (1994) Nonimmune hydrops fetalis. Semin Perinatol 18:321–332

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poeschmann RP, Verheijen RH, Van Dongen PW (1992) Differential diagnosis and causes of nonimmunological hydrops fetalis: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv 46:223–231

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shenker L, Reed K, Anderson CF, Kern W (1989) Fetal pericardial effusion. Am J Obstet Gynecol 160:1505–1507

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sohan K, Carroll S, Byrne D, Ashworth M, Soothill P (2000) Parvovirus as a differential diagnosis of hydrops fetalis in the first trimester. Fetal Diagn Ther 15:234–236

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sohan K, Carroll SG, De La Fuente S, Soothill P, Kyle P (2001) Analysis of outcome in hydrops fetalis in relation to gestational age at diagnosis, cause and treatment. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 80:726–730

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steiner RD (1995) Hydrops fetalis: role of the geneticist. Semin Perinatol 19:516–524

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stone DL, Sidransky E (1999) Hydrops fetalis: lysosomal storage disorders in extremis. Adv Pediatr 46:409–440

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swain S, Cameron AD, McNay MB, Howatson AG (1999) Prenatal diagnosis and management of non immune hydrops fetalis. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol 39:285–290

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tongsong T, Wanapirak C, Sirichotiyakul S (1999) Placental thickness at mid-pregnancy as a predictor of Hb Bart’s disease. Prenat Diagn 19:1027–1030

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Treadwell MC, Sherer DM, Sacks AJ, Ghezzi F, Romero R (1996) Successful treatment of recurrent non-immune hydrops secondary to fetal hyperthyroidism. Obstet Gynecol 87:838–840

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vadeyar S, Ramsay M, James D, O’Neill D (2000) Prenatal diagnosis of congenital Wilms’ tumor (nephroblastoma) presenting as fetal hydrops. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 16:80–83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Maldergem L, Jauniaux E, Fourneau C, Gillerot Y (1992) Genetic causes of hydrops fetalis. Pediatrics 89:81–86

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • von Kaisenberg CS, Jonat W (2001) Fetal parvovirus B19 infection. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 18:280–288

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wafelman LS, Pollock BH, Kreutzer J, Richards DS, Hutchison AA (1999) Nonimmune hydrops fetalis: fetal and neonatal outcome during 1983–1992. Biol Neonate 75:73–81

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weil SR, Huhta JC (1993) Sonographic differential diagnosis of fetal cardiac abnormalities. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 14:298–318

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wy CA, Sajous CH, Loberiza F, Weiss MG (1999) Outcome of infants with a diagnosis of hydrops fetalis in the 1990s. Am J Perinatol 16:561–567

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Imaging, Sainte-Justine Hospital, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C5, Canada

    Françoise Rypens MD

Authors
  1. Françoise Rypens MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Service d’imagerie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Avenue J. J. Crocq 15, 1020, Bruxelles, Belgium

    Fred E. Avni MD, PhD (Professor) (Professor)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rypens, F. (2002). Fetal Hydrops. In: Avni, F.E. (eds) Perinatal Imaging. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56402-4_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56402-4_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63143-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-56402-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation