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The Airborne Microparticle pp 375–435Cite as

Non-Continuum Processes

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Abstract

This chapter examines the theory and applications of the interactions between a low density gas and microparticles when the gas cannot be considered to be a continuum. In the past two decades significant progress has been made in the relevant theory and in the experimental tools needed to complement that theory. The combination of theory and experiment is important, for measurements are needed to determine the characteristics of mass, momentum and energy exchange between gas molecules and ’engineering’ surfaces. In his development of the dynamical theory of gases Maxwell (1860a,b) recognized the difficulty of specifying the appropriate boundary conditions at a surface, and he modeled the molecular interaction as intermediate between two limiting cases: (i) specular reflection of molecules and (ii) accommodation of the molecules to the surface such that they leave following a law of random distribution of directions independent of the velocity of the impinging molecules. He introduced the concept of the accommodation coefficient as the fraction of molecules that accommodate to the surface. Thus, if αm is the fraction of molecules that fully accommodate to the surface, (l-αm is the fraction that undergo specular reflection.

The rise of the kinetic theory was of a gradual nature, and it is difficult to mention any time at which the theory may be said to have arisen, or any single name to whom honor of its establishment is due. Sir J. H. Jeans (1916)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 351750, Seattle, WA, 98185-1750, USA

    Prof. E. James Davis

  2. Institut für Automatisierungstechnik Lehrstuhl für Laseranwendungstechnik und Meßsysteme, Maschinenbau, Ruhr-Universität-Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany

    Prof. Dr. Gustav Schweiger

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Davis, E.J., Schweiger, G. (2002). Non-Continuum Processes. In: The Airborne Microparticle. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56152-8_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56152-8_6

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