Zusammenfassung
Twenty years ago, blaming problems of economic underdevelopment on geography (or climate) would likely have led to accusations of „environmental determinism“. However, as economic divergence between rich and poor countries, as well as between middle-income and low-income developing countries, has persisted (Pritchett 1997), it has again become acceptable to seek the causes of poor economic performance in „natural“ factors. Gallup et al. (1998) suggest that location and climate, through their impacts on transportation costs, the burden of disease and agricultural productivity, have significant effects on development. In this paper, we focus on one of the main geographical disadvantages that a country can face, being landlocked
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Alam, A., 1995, “The New Trade Theory and its relevance to the trade policies of developing countries”, World Economy, 18(3), pp. 367–385.
Amable, B., 1994, “Endogenous growth theory, convergence and divergence”, in Silverberg, G., Soete, L. (eds.), The economics of growth and technical change: technologies, nations, agents, Edward Elgar, Aldershot, pp. 20–44.
Barry, F., 1996, “Peripherality in economic geography and modern growth theory: Evidence from Irelands Adjustment to Free Trade”, World Economy, 19(3), pp. 345–365.
Dosi, G., Pavitt, K., Soete, L., 1990, The economics of technical change and international change, Harvester Wheatsheaf, New York.
Gallup, J. L., Sachs, J. D., Mellinger, A. D., 1998, “Geography and Economic Development”, NBER Working Paper, (6849).
Glassner, M. I., 1992, Bibliography on landlocked states, third Edition, Martinus Nijhoff, Dordecht, Netherlands.
Grossman, M., Helpman, E., 1991, Innovation and growth: technological competition in the global economy, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, MA.
Krugman, P., 1987, “Is free trade passé?”, Economic Perspectives, 1(2), pp. 131–144.
Krugman, P., 1991, “Increasing returns and economic geography”, Journal of Political Economy, 99, pp. 483–499.
Levine, R., Renelt, D., 1992, “A Sensitivity Analysis of Cross-Country Growth Regressions”, American Economic Review, 82(4), pp. 942–963.
Milner, C., Westaway, T., 1993, “Country size and the medium-term growth process: some cross-country evidence”, World Development, 21(2), pp. 203–211.
Pritchett, L., 1997, “Divergence, big time”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(3), pp. 3–17.
Reitsma, H. J. A., 1980, “Africa’s landlocked countries: a study of dependency relations”, Tijdschrift voor Econ. en Soc, Geografie, 71(3), pp. 130–141.
Srinivasan, T. N., 1986, “The costs and benefits of being a small, remote, island, land-locked, or ministate economy”, World Bank Research Observer, 1(2), pp. 205–218.
Summers, L., Thomas, V., 1993, “Recent lessons of development”, World Bank Research Observer, 8(2), pp. 241–254.
Tybout, J. R., 1992, “Linking trade and productivity: new research and directions”, The World Bank Economic Review, 6(2), pp. 189–221.
Vickerman, R., 1996, “Location, accessibility and regional development: the appraisal of trans-European networks”, Transport Policy, 2(4), pp. 225–234.
World Bank, 1994, World Development Report 1994: Infrastructure, Washington, D.C.
World Bank Operations Evaluation Division, 1994, World Bank lending for African transport corridors: an OED review, World Bank, Washington, D.C.
World Bank, 1998, World Development Indicators 1998 CD-ROM, Washington, D.C., copyright 1998 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
MacKellar, L., Wörgötter, A., Wörz, J. (2002). Economic Growth of Landlocked Countries. In: Chaloupek, G., Guger, A., Nowotny, E., Schwödiauer, G. (eds) Ökonomie in Theorie und Praxis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56073-6_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56073-6_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62671-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-56073-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive