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Formaldehyd-Kondensationsharze

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Holzwerkstoffe und Leime

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Zusammenfassung

Kondensationsharze auf Basis von Formaldehyd entstehen durch die Reaktion von Formaldehyd mit verschiedenen Verbindungen wie Harnstoff, Melamin, Phenol oder Resorcin sowie mit Kombinationen dieser Verbindungen. Allen Formaldehyd-Kondensationsharzen ist das Merkmal des duroplastischen Aushärtens gemeinsam. Sie bestehen in Liefer-und Verarbeitungsform aus linearen oder verzweigten oligomeren bzw. polymeren Molekülen und liegen in wässriger Lösung bzw. als Dispersion von Molekülen in wässrigen Lösungen der gleichen Molekülart vor. Beim Aushärtungsprozess gehen sie in unlösliche und unschmelzbare dreidimensionale Netzwerke über. Je nach Art des Harzes und des eingesetzten Härtungskatalysators laufen diese Reaktionen im sauren (UF, MF, MUF, MUPF), im alkalischen (PF, PUF) oder im neutralen Bereich (RF, PRF) ab. Moderne Analysenverfahren ergaben in den letzten 20 Jahren detaillierte chemische und physikalisch-chemische Ergebnisse betreffend der Zusammensetzung und der Struktur der Formaldehyd-Kondensationsharze (s.Teil II, Kap. 3).

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  1. Dynea Austria GmbH, Hafenstr. 77, A-3500, Krems, Österreich

    Univ.-Doz. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.mont. Manfred Dunky

  2. Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, HG F21.3, CH-8092, Zürich, Schweiz

    Peter Niemz (Professur Holzwissenschaften)

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Dunky, M., Niemz, P. (2002). Formaldehyd-Kondensationsharze. In: Holzwerkstoffe und Leime. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55938-9_6

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