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Nervenkompressionssyndrome pp 137–150Cite as

Kompressionssyndrome des Schultergürtels

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Zusammenfassung

Die Kompressionssyndrome des Schultergürtels umfassen das nicht unumstrittene Thoracic-Outlet-Syndrom (TOS), das besonders bei Sportlern auftretende Syndrom des N. suprascapularis und das sehr seltene Kompressionssyndrom des N. axillaris

Beim Thoracic-Outlet-Syndrom sind der Truncus inferior und die Nervenwurzeln C8 und Th1 betroffen. Ursachen dafür sind eine steile obere Thoraxapertur, eine Halsrippe oder fibromuskuläre Anomalien. Dieses relativ seltene Kompressionssyndrom ist eine „Ausschlussdiagnose“, d. h., dass vorher alle differenzialdiagnostischen Überlegungen ausgeschlossen werden müssen. Bei reiner Schmerzsymptomatik wird eine physiotherapeutische Behandlung empfohlen. Bei Therapieresistenz ist eine operative Dekompression der kaudalen Plexusanteile indiziert.

Der N. suprascapularis kann in der Incisura scapulae unterhalb des Lig. transversus scapulae superius komprimiert werden. Meistens sind Hochleistungssportler wie Volleyball-, Handball-, Tennis- und Basketballspieler betroffen. Auch Ganglien in der Fossa supraspinata könnten die Ursache der Kompression sein. Meist wird die Diagnose im fortgeschrittenen Stadium, bei Auftreten von Atrophien der Mm. spinati, gestellt. In diesen Fällen ist die Dekompression des Nervs die Behandlungsmethode der Wahl.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurochirurgische Klinik der Universität Ulm am Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Ludwig-Heilmeyer-Str. 2, 89312, Günzburg, Deutschland

    Gregor Antoniadis Prof. Dr.

  2. Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universität Ulm am BKH Günzburg, Ludwig-Heilmeyer-Str. 2, 89312, Günzburg, Deutschland

    Ralph König PD Dr. med.

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  1. Ralph König PD Dr. med.
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  2. Gregor Antoniadis Prof. Dr.
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Schriesheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Hans Assmus

  2. Neurochirurgische Klinik der Universität Ulm am Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany

    Gregor Antoniadis

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König, R., Antoniadis, G. (2015). Kompressionssyndrome des Schultergürtels. In: Assmus, H., Antoniadis, G. (eds) Nervenkompressionssyndrome. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55212-0_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55212-0_10

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