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Turbulent Drag Reduction Versus Structure of Turbulence

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Book cover Structure of Turbulence and Drag Reduction

Abstract

Turbulent drag reduction by whatever methods is generally not associated with reduction of turbulence intensity. It may not be necessary to suppress the turbulence or even its production but to let the flow remain turbulent somehow altering its structure in such a way as to reduce turbulent dissipation of energy and thereby the turbulent drag. In other words the question is not whether we stop or not the turbulence production but, rather whether we can influence this process in such a way that the resulting turbulence will be low dissipative or “disabled” (Narasimha and Sreenivasan1). Is it possible and if so how it can be done? Before answering this very difficult question, it is appropriate to ask another somewhat simpler question whether low dissipative turbulent structures do exist and what they are. An attempt is made in this paper to shed some light on this question. First a review of the few known examples of low dissipative turbulent flows is given. These include an important case of turbulent MHD-flow in the presence of an azimuthal magnetic field, in which the body-force is applied directly to the turbulence only and does not interact with the mean flow. This case is of special interest since it exhibits essentially laminar drag (i.e. approximately vanishing Reynolds stresses) but possesses high level of turbulence. Similar behaviour has been observed in other drag reducing situations, like dilute and heterogeneous polymer drag reduction and some others. Of particular importance are also situations with so called “negative (eddy) viscosity" in which Reynolds stresses are of opposite sign to the "normal” one. These kind of flows are known in astro- and geophysical contexts and are quite a rarity in laboratory observations.

“...most flows of practical interest involve turbulent boundary layers and an alternate approach is to permit the flow to remain turbulent but somehow to reduce the turbulent shear forces.”

Gaiy R Hough 1972, Viscous drag reduction, Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, 72, p. XV.

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  1. Department of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Arkady Tsinober

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  1. Institut für Hydromechanik und Wasserwirtschaft, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich-Hönggerberg, Schweiz

    Albert Gyr

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Tsinober, A. (1990). Turbulent Drag Reduction Versus Structure of Turbulence. In: Gyr, A. (eds) Structure of Turbulence and Drag Reduction. International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50971-1_27

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