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Solid-State NMR II pp 31–90Cite as

NMR of Solid Surfaces

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: NMR Basic Principles and Progress ((NMR,volume 31))

Abstract

Experimental and theoretical studies of the interaction between molecules and solid surfaces are of importance not only from the standpoint of basic research but also with respect to their application to heterogeneous catalysis and sorption. In general, the experimental studies may be grouped into three main directions of research:

  1. (1)

    The use of technical adsorbents and catalysts. In these studies however, it cannot be excluded that the structure and chemical composition of the solid surfaces will change under the influence of the external atmosphere so that in contrast to statements about the macroscopic process it is very difficult or even impossible to derive unambiguous information about the elementary processes.

  2. (2)

    Experiments performed with molecules adsorbed on single crystal surfaces in vacuum. The area of these surfaces amounts to a few mm2 and the “vacuum” to residual gas pressures of not more than 10–8Pa. This technique allows a direct study of the elementary processes taking place on solid surfaces of definite structure and composition [1–3].

  3. (3)

    The use of highly porous crystals with a definite structure and definite chemical composition (zeolites) so that the elementary processes taking place in the single pores, which are of molecular dimension, can be studied spectroscopically, viz. by the signal of a large number of identical systems.

After a short review of the structure and properties of zeolites and a discussion of two basic problems connected with an application of NMR spectroscopy, namely the signal-to-noise ratio and the measurement of chemical shifts in adsorbate-adsorbent systems, three main topics will be treated: The study of surface OH groups which may act as proton donators (Brönsted acid sites), of extra-framework aluminium species as typical electron-pair acceptors (Lewis acid sites) in zeolites, and of molecular transport. These topics have been chosen because they are of special importance for an understanding of the elementary processes controlling heterogeneous catalytic reactions.

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  1. Fachbereich Physik, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Harry Pfeifer

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  1. Makromolekulare Chemie, RTWH Aachen, Worringer Weg 1, D-52056, Aachen, Germany

    Bernhard Blümich (Lehrstuhl) (Lehrstuhl)

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Pfeifer, H. (1994). NMR of Solid Surfaces. In: Blümich, B. (eds) Solid-State NMR II. NMR Basic Principles and Progress, vol 31. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50049-7_2

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