Skip to main content
  • 17 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

The local effects considered in this review are responses, that is, active processes elicited by electric stimuli, which, unlike nerve impulses, do not propagate along a fiber, but remain relatively localized at the regions in the immediate neighborhood of the electrodes through which the stimuli are delivered. These responses diffuse electrotonically, hence the statement that they are only relatively local.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Arvanitaki, A.: L’activité électrique sous-liminaire locale de l’axone normal isolé de Sepia. J. Physiol, et Path. gén. 37, 895–912 (1939a).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Arvanitaki, A.: Recherches sur la réponse oscillatoire locale de l’axone géant isolé de „sepia“. Arch, internat. Physiol. 49, 209–255 (1939b).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Arvanitaki, A.: Réactions au stimulus anodique. Etude de la réponse électrique locale de signe positif. Observations sur l’axone isolé de Sepia. J. Physiol, et Path. gén. 38, 147–170 (1943).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Averbach, M. S., and D. N. Nasonow: The law of the autoregulation of the propagated response (all-or-nothing). (In Russian.). Physiol. J. SSSR 36, 46–63 (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Blair, E. A.: The effect of brief currents on axons, especially in relation to the postulated nonconducted response. Amer. J. Physiol. 123, 455–470 (1938).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Blair, E. A., and J. Erlanger: A comparison of the characteristics of axons through their individual electrical responses. A.er. J. Physiol. 106, 524–564 (1933).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Blair, E. A., and J. Erlanger: On the process of excitation by brief shocks in axons. A.er. J. Physiol. 144, 309–316 (1936).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Blair, H. A.: On the intensity-time relations for stimulation by electric currents. J. Gen. Physiol. 15, 709–729 (1932).

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bozler, E.: The initiation of impulses in cardiac muscle. Amer. J.Physiol. 138, 273–282 (1943).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bremer, F., et J. Titeca: La stimulation prolongée du nerf augmente-t-elle la durée de sa période réfractaire? Arch, internat. Physiol. 41, 474–489 (1935).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Brink, F., D. W. Bronk and M. G. Larrabee: Chemical excitation of nerve. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 47, 457–485 (1946).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bullock, T. H., and R. S. Turner: Events associated with conduction failure in nerve fibers. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol. 36, 59–82 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Cardot, H., et A. Arvanitaki: Les incréments thermiques critiques relatifs aux phases composantes de la réponse électrique oscillatoire locale. Axone isolé de Sepia. J. Physiol, et Path. gén. 38, 9–16 (1943).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Cole, K. S., and R. F. Baker: Transverse impedance of the squid giant axon during current flow. J. Gen. Physiol. 24, 535–549 (1941).

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Cole, K. S., and R. F. Baker, and H. J. Curtis: Membrane potential of the squid giant axon during current flow. J. Gen. Physiol. 24, 551–563 (1941).

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Davis, H., B. E. Gernandt and J. S. Riesco-MacClure: Threshold of action potentials in ear of guinea pig. J. of Neurophysiol. 13, 73–88 (1950).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Derbyshire, A. J., and H. Davis: The action potentials of the auditory nerve. Amer. J. Physiol. 113, 476–504 (1935).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Eccles, J. C.: Synaptic potentials and transmission in a sympathetic ganglion. J. of Physiol. 101, 465–483 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Eccles, J.C.: An electrical hypothesis of synaptic and neuro-mucular transmission. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 47, 429–456 (1946).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Eccles, J.C., and W. J. O’Connor: Responses which nerve impulses evoke in mammalian striated muscles. J. of Physiol. 97, 44–102 (1939).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Feng, T. P.: The local activity around the skeletal N-M junctions produced by nerve impulses. Biol. Symposia 3, 121–152 (1941).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Forbes, A., L. H. Ray and F. R. Griffith jr.: The nature of the delay in the second of two stimuli in nerve and in the nerve-muscle preparation. Amer. J. Physiol. 66, 553–617 (1923).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Garcia Ramos, J., y A. Rosenblueth: Estudios sobre el flutter y la fibrilaciön. III. La actividad autosostenida en el musculo auricular aislado del mamifero. Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx. 17, 302–336 (1947).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Gasser, H. S. In J. Erlanger and H. S. Gasser, Electrical signs of nervous activity. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press 1937.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Gasser, H. S.: In J. Erlanger and H. S. Gasser and H. Grundfest: Action and excitability in mammalian A fibers. Amer. J.Physiol. 117, 113–133 (1936).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Gray, J. A. B., and J. L. Malcolm: The initiation of nerve impulses by mesenteric Pacinian corpuscles. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 137, 96–114 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Hill, A. V.: Excitation and accommodation in nerve. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 119, 305–355 (1936).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Hodgkin, A. L.: Evidence for electrical transmission in nerve. Part. I. J. of Pnysiol. 90, 183–210 (1937a).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hodgkin, A. L.: Evidence for electrical transmission in nerve. Part II. J. of Physiol. 90, 211–232 (1937b).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hodgkin, A. L.: The subthreshold potentials in a crustacean nerve fibre. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 126, 87–121 (1938).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Hodgkin, A. L.: The local electric changes associated with repetitive action in a non-medullated axon. J. of Physiol. 107, 165–181 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Hodgkin, A. L., and W. A. H. Rushton: The electrical constants of a crustacean nerve fibre. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 133, 444–479 (1946).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Katz, B.: Experimental evidence for a non-conducted response of nerve to subthreshold stimulation. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 124, 244–276 (1937).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Katz, B.: Electric excitation of nerve. London 1939.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Katz, B.: Subthreshold potentials in medullated nerve. J. of Physiol. 106, 66–79 (1947).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Katz, B.: The electrical properties of the muscle fibre membrane. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 135, 506–534 (1948).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Lorente de No, R.: A study of nerve physiology. Studies from the Rockefeller Institute. Vols. 131 and 132. New York 1947.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Monnier, A.: L’Excitation électrique des tissus. Paris 1934.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Pumphrey, R. J., O. H. Schmitt and J. Z. Young: Correlation of local excitability with local physiological responses in the giant axon of the squid (Loligo). J. of Physiol. 98, 47–72 (1940).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Rashevsky, N.: Outline of a physico-mathematical theory of excitation and inhibition. Protoplasma (Berl.) 20, 42–56 (1933).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Rosenblueth, A.: Stimulation of nerves by direct currents. Amer. J. Physiol. 132, 99–118 (1941).

    Google Scholar 

  42. Rosenblueth, A.: The transmission of nerve impulses at neuroeffector junctions and peripheral synapses. New York: Technology Press & Wiley 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Rosenblueth, A. J. Alanis and J. Mandoki: The functional refractory period of axons. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol. 33, 405–439 (1949).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Rosenblueth, A., J. Alanis and J. Mandoki, W. Daughaday and D. D. Bond: The action of electrical stimuli on the turtle’s ventricle. Amer. J. Physiol. 138, 50–64 (1942).

    Google Scholar 

  45. Rosenblueth, A., and J. Garcia Ramos: The local responses of mammalian spinal roots to alternating sinusoidal currents. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol. 38, 321–345 (1951).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Rosenblueth, A., and J. Garcia Ramos: A further study of the local responses of axons. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol. 39, 109–146 1952.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Rosenblueth, A., and J. Garcia Ramos, and J. V. Luco: The local responses of myelinated mammalian axons. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol. 36, 289–332 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Rosenblueth, A., and J. Garcia Ramos, and J. V. Luco, N. Wiener, W. Pitts and J. Garcia Ramos (with the assistance of F. Webster): An account of the spike potential of axons. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol. 32, 275–317 (1948).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Rushton, W. A. H.: Initiation of the propagated disturbance. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., B 124, 210–243 (1937).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Schoepfle, G. M.: Electrotonic potentials elicited by threshold stimuli from sheath-free nerve at different temperatures. Amer. J. Physiol. 163, 229–235 (1950).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Stevens, S. S., and H.’ Davis: Hearing. Its Psychology and Physiology. New York: John Wiley & Sons 1938.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1952 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rosenblueth, A. (1952). The local responses of axons. In: Krayer, O., et al. Ergebnisse der Physiologie Biologischen Chemie und Experimentellen Pharmakologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49714-8_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49714-8_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-49435-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-49714-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics