Summary
The paper describes the development of both Kirchhoff and Timoshenko beam elements which are embedded in a continuously rotating frame. Emphasis is placed on the consistent derivation of both the internal force vector and the tangent stiffness matrix.
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Crisfield, M.A., Cole, G. (1990). Co-Rotational Beam Elements for Two- and Three-Dimensional Non-Linear Analysis. In: Kuhn, G., Mang, H. (eds) Discretization Methods in Structural Mechanics. International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49373-7_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49373-7_11
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