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Natural Antioxidants in Chemoprevention

  • Conference paper
Diversification in Toxicology — Man and Environment

Part of the book series: Archives of Toxicology ((TOXICOLOGY,volume 20))

Abstract

It is well documented that diets rich in fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of most common cancers, and that some food items from this class may be protective against heart disease. Several explanations have been offered, one of which relates to the natural presence of potent antioxidants in plant products. Destructive oxidation of lipids, proteins, DNA, and other important biomolecules, often involving radical chain reactions, affect vital cellular structures and their normal functions. Such processes are involved in the development of cancer as well as heart disease, and it seems logical to assume that antioxidants might be preventive. Large human trials with natural antioxidants have not provided a uniform support, however, for the hypothesis that antioxidation per se may prevent cancer or coronary heart disease (CHD)1. One reason is that other effects, unrelated to antioxidation, may compromise their preventive effects. Another reason may be that many potent antioxidants can also act as pro-oxidants under certain conditions. The interpretation of animal trials is likewise often compromised by the fact that most antioxidants have other physiological effects which might very well explain their protective action or lead to toxic side-effects. In addition, absorption, metabolism and distribution may profoundly influence their antioxidant actions, and not all cellular compartments are equally well protected. Furthermore, interactions between antioxidant systems are only partially understood.

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Abbreviations

CHD:

coronary heart disease

LDL:

low-density lipoprotein

MDA:

malondialdehyde

8-O-dG:

8-oxo-deoxyguanosine

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

NCI:

National Cancer Institute

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  1. Institute of Toxicology, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Søborg, Denmark

    Lars O. Dragsted

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  1. Lars O. Dragsted
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  1. Intercantonal Office for the Control of Medicines(IOCM), Erlachstrasse 8, CH-3000, Bern 9, Switzerland

    Jürg P. Seiler

  2. Krathusvej 2A, DK-8240, Risskov, Denmark

    Judith L. Autrup

  3. Steno Institute of Public Health, University of Åarhus, Universitetsparken, Bldg. 180, DK-8000, Åarhus C, Denmark

    Herman Autrup

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Dragsted, L.O. (1998). Natural Antioxidants in Chemoprevention. In: Seiler, J.P., Autrup, J.L., Autrup, H. (eds) Diversification in Toxicology — Man and Environment. Archives of Toxicology, vol 20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46856-8_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-46858-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-46856-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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