Abstract
The term “genetic code” or “amino acid code” customarily refers to the assignments of the 64 different groups of three consecutive nucleotides in messenger RNA (Table 1). Sixty-one of the 64 are each assigned to an amino acid in the biological synthesis of polypeptide chains and the other three to the function of terminating a polypeptide chain by interposing a carboxyl group instead of adding another amino acid. Each such group of three nucleotides is termed a “codon”.
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Abbreviations
- DNA:
-
deoxyribonucleic acid
- DNA:
-
ribonucleic acid
- mRNA:
-
messenger RNA
- tRNA:
-
transfer RNA
- A:
-
adenine
- C:
-
cytosine
- G:
-
guanine
- U:
-
uracil
- N:
-
A, C, G, T or U
- R:
-
A or G
- Y:
-
C, T or U
- NDP:
-
nucleoside diphosphate
- A . T:
-
hydrogen-bonded base pair
- I:
-
inosine
- Ala-Gly alanyl-glycine (etc.):
-
pseudouridine
- ppp:
-
triphosphate
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Jukes, T.H. (1969). Recent Problems in the Genetic Code. In: Arber, W., et al. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology / Ergebnisse der Mikrobiologie und Immunitätsforschung. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 49. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46166-8_5
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