Abstract
The subject of boundary layers is going through a period of rapid growth. It has always been a lively subject ever since its study was initiated by Prandtl 1 in 1904 but as is only to be expected, it has gone through a variety of phases. The impetus of the original idea spent itself in dealing with two-dimensional aspects of boundary layers and this branch of the subject then continued to grow steadily until the second world war. Some of the effort had then to be turned to examining the effects of compressibility and this led to a second upsurge of thought from which the original theory has emerged fully capable of application to high speed flows. Other phases in its development are now taking place; some, such as knowledge of boundary layer behaviour in hypersonic flow and in dissociating gases have grown rapidly whilst this article has been in course of preparation and printing and are in the circumstances excluded. Others, such as the importance of three-dimensional effects, have been appreciated for some time and have already been the subject of wide-spread investigation. At first sight it might be imagined that the extension of the theory from two to three dimensions would cause an increase in complexity without calling into play any fundamentally new ideas. This may indeed be true in principle but changes of emphasis such as are needed in discussing separation for example, may be far reaching and are the subject of much current thought. Indeed this has stimulated further work on separation in two-dimensional flow since this article was originally written and a brief reference to it will be included at the appropriate place.
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General works of reference
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© 1959 Springer-Verlag OHG. Berlin · Göttingen · Heidelberg
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Howarth, L. (1959). Laminar Boundary Layers. In: Truesdell, C. (eds) Fluid Dynamics I / Strömungsmechanik I. Encyclopedia of Physics / Handbuch der Physik, vol 3 / 8 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45914-6_3
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