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Space Applications of LIBS

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Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Optical Sciences ((SSOS,volume 182))

Abstract

The unique advantages of LIBS as an analytical tool to determine chemical composition has resulted in strong interest in developing the technology for space exploration. To place LIBS capabilities in context, a brief review will be presented of prior missions to the Moon, Mars, and Venus along with a discussion of past and current instrumentation used for analysis of planetary surfaces. The development of LIBS for close-up and stand-off measurements directed toward space exploration will be discussed including recent laboratory work and instrument designs for current and future missions. The ChemCam LIBS instrument currently operating on Mars on the Curiosity rover will also be described.

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Abbreviations

APXS:

Alpha-Proton-X-ray Spectrometer

ASSA:

Alpha-Scattering Surface Analyzer

BU:

Body Unit

CCD:

Charge Coupled Device

ChemCam:

Chemistry Camera

CheMin:

Chemistry and Mineralogy

CF-LIBS:

Calibration Free-LIBS

CNES:

Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales

CWL:

Continuous Wave Laser

DAN:

Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons

FIDO:

Field Integrated Design and Operations

GCMS:

Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer

ICCD:

Intensified Charge Coupled Device

IRAP:

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie

JPL:

Jet Propulsion Laboratory

LAMIS:

Laser Ablation Molecular Isotope Spectrometry

LANL:

Los Alamos National Laboratory

LIMA-D:

Laser Mass Spectrometer Analyzer

MAHLI:

Mars Hand Lens Imager

MER:

Mars Exploration Rovers

Mini-TES:

Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer

MSL:

Mars Science Laboratory

MU:

Mast Unit

NASA:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NIR:

Near Infra-Red

PCA:

Principal Component Analysis

PLD:

Polar-Layered Deposits

PLS:

Partial Least Squares

PLS-DA:

Partial Least-Squares Discriminant Analysis

RAT:

Rock Abrasion Tool

RLS:

Raman Laser Spectrometer

RMI:

Remote Microscopic Imager

RSD:

Relative Standard Deviation

SAGE:

Surface and Atmosphere Geochemical Explorer

SAM:

Sample Analysis at Mars

SEM-EDX:

Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray

SIMCA:

Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy

SPDS:

Sample Preparation and Distribution System

SNR:

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

TECP:

Thermal and Electrical Conductivity Probe

TEGA:

Thermal and Evolved Gas Analyzer

UV:

Ultraviolet

VITAL:

Venus Intrepid Tessera Lander

VUV:

Vacuum Ultraviolet

XRD:

X-Ray Diffraction

XRF:

X-Ray Fluorescence

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    Umberto Perini

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Cremers, D.A. (2014). Space Applications of LIBS. In: Musazzi, S., Perini, U. (eds) Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 182. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45085-3_10

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